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311.
FeVO4/CeO2 was applied in the electro-Fenton (EF) degradation of Methyl Orange (MO) as a model of wastewater pollution. The results of the characterization techniques indicate that FeVO4 with triclinic structure and face-centered cubic fluorite CeO2 maintained their structures during the nanocomposite synthesis. The effect of applied current intensity, initial pollutant concentration, initial pH, and catalyst weight was investigated. The MO removal reached 96.31% and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal 70% for 60 min of the reaction. The presence of CeO2 in the nanocomposite plays a key role in H2O2 electro-generation as a significant factor in the electro-Fenton (EF) system. The metal leaching from FeVO4/CeO2 was negligible (cerium 4.1%, iron 4.3%, and vanadium 1.7%), which indicates that the active species in the nanocomposite are strongly interacting with each other and are stable. The performance of the nanocatalyst in real wastewaters, salty, and binary systems was acceptable and the pollutions were removed efficiently. The synergistic effect between V, Fe, and Ce could be account as the reason for the respectable function of FeVO4/CeO2. The electron transfer proceeds via Haber-Weiss mechanism. A degradation pathway was proposed through by-products analysis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) technique. The pseudo-first-order kinetic model described the obtained experimental results (R2 = 0.9906). The electro-Fenton system efficiency was improved by adding persulfate. The nanocomposite preserved almost its efficiency after six cycles. The obtained results demonstrate that the synergistic catalyst (FeVO4/CeO2) has the capability to introduce as a promising replacement of conventional catalysts in the electro-Fenton processes with brilliant proficiency. 相似文献
312.
秸秆活性炭活化过一硫酸盐降解酸性橙7 总被引:5,自引:4,他引:1
将磷酸氢二铵((NH_4)_2HPO_4)作为活化剂制备秸秆活性炭(SAC),并用其活化过一硫酸盐(PMS)产生硫酸根自由基(SO_4~-·)降解偶氮染料酸性橙7(AO7).首先对活化前后的SAC进行FTIR表征,发现(NH_4)_2HPO_4活化后的SAC含氧官能团特征峰强度增强,可能有利于过一硫酸钾的活化.其次研究了活化剂浓度、SAC投加量、PMS浓度、初始pH、抑制剂对AO7降解效果的影响.结果表明,AO7脱色率随着活化剂浓度、SAC投加量、PMS浓度的增加而增加;同时在偏中性条件下,有利于SAC活化PMS脱色AO7;加入相同物质的量比(2000/1)的甲醇、叔丁醇、苯酚,55 min内AO7脱色率分别为88.4%、66.2%、13.4%,苯酚对反应抑制效果最好,表明SAC表面的硫酸根和羟基自由基在AO7脱色中起主要作用.最后通过紫外光谱扫描、气质联用(GC-MS)和TOC分析表明,AO7的偶氮键和萘环结构被破坏,生成含苯环类中间产物,最终矿化为二氧化碳和水,矿化率可达31.7%. 相似文献
313.
采用零价铁(ZVI)活化过硫酸盐(PS)同时去除水中酸性橙7(AO7)和磷.ZVI-PS体系可以产生强氧化性的SO·-4和HO·,从而去除水中AO7.同时,ZVI最终转化为Fe3+,因此可以用来去除水中磷.结果表明,ZVI-PS体系在酸性条件下可以有效的同时去除水中AO7和磷.淬灭实验结果表明,硫酸根自由基(SO·-4)对AO7的降解起主要作用.水中共存的阴离子和腐植酸(HA)对AO7和磷的去除均有抑制作用,其对AO7和磷去除的抑制能力排序均为:HCO-3 NO-2 HA NO-3 Cl-.AO7和磷在超纯水中的去除率高于其他实际水体,但反应60 min后,实际水体中AO7和磷的去除率也分别高达80.31%~92.69%和87.54%~100%,因此,该体系对实际水体中AO7和磷的处理有潜在的应用价值.通过紫外-可见分光光谱和GC-MS分析说明,AO7经过偶氮键断键后的中间产物进一步氧化形成含苯环类物质.同时,TOC有所降低,说明部分AO7被矿化为CO2和H2O. 相似文献
314.
As an employee of Union Carbide India at the Bhopal plant, I know how the disaster happened. The merciless cost-cutting severely affecting materials of construction, maintenance, training, manpower and morale resulted in the disaster that was waiting to happen. Significant differences between the West Virginia, USA plant and the Bhopal, India plant show the callous disregard of the corporation for the people of the developing countries. The narrative below, if given a proper thought by the management and governments, should help in significantly reducing industrial accidents. 相似文献
315.
The floatability of seven plastics (POM, PVC, PET, PMMA, PC, PS and ABS) in the presence of methyl cellulose (MC) and separation of plastics mixtures were investigated in this paper. It was found that the seven plastics can be separated into three groups by using the wetting agent MC. Group one includes POM and PVC. They are depressed at very low MC concentrations. Group two, including PET, PMMA and PC, has an intermediate floatability. Group three (ABS and PS) has a high floatability. They are almost not depressed within the given MC concentration range. In order to understand the mechanism of selective flotation of plastics and the chemical conditioning process, surface chemical factors, such as wettability of plastics and surface tension of flotation medium, and gravity factors, such as particle density and shape, were studied. It was found that the depressing effect of MC on plastics is ascribed mainly to its adsorption on the plastics surfaces. The MC molecules absorbed on plastics expose some of their polar groups oriented towards the aqueous phase, hence making the plastics surfaces hydrophilic. In addition, flotation selectivity for the plastics is dominated not only by wettability of plastics, but also by particle size, density and shape. 相似文献
316.
国内外炼厂气脱硫技术现状与建议 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
李正西 《石油化工环境保护》1999,(3):38-41
为降低能耗、操作费用和投资,传统的胺法已有巨大的改进,80年代中期以来,MDEA工艺在国内外推广应用的成绩显著,已从发挥其选吸优势向利用其节能降耗优势扩展。目前,MDEA工艺已成为气体尤其是炼厂气脱硫脱碳的主体工艺之一。阐述国内外炼厂气脱硫技术的现状与建议 相似文献
317.
铝的测定方法较多,但签于工业生产中的实际情况及特点,我们选择二甲酚橙作为显色剂的分光光度法,该法具有快速,准确,灵敏度高,操作简单方便等特点,在实践中有很好的实用性. 相似文献
318.
选用甲基登分光光度法测定工业尾中氯含量,其优点是试药得,显色稳定,定量范围广,操作简便,分析快速,成本低,同时用相比例法计算氯的含量,结果令人满意。 相似文献
319.
本文就柘溪水库库区梯级桔园生草覆盖的生态效益进行了分析。结果表明,梯级桔园生草覆盖有效地控制了水土流失,改善了土壤理化性能,达到了保土保水保肥的目的;还可调节桔园小气候,为桔园生产创造了良好的生态环境,有利于柑桔的稳产高产。 相似文献
320.
Rashidul Alam Mubarak A. Khan Ruhul A. Khan Sushanta Ghoshal M. I. H. Mondal 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2008,16(3):213-219
Chitosan films were prepared from dried prawn shell via chitin and then tensile properties like tensile strength (TS) and
elongation at break (Eb) of the films were evaluated. Six formulations were developed using methyl methacylate (MMA) monomer
and aliphatic urethane diacrylate oligomer (M-1200) in methanol along with photoinitator (Darocur-1664). Then the films were
soaked in the formulations and irradiated under UV radiation at different doses for the improvement of physico-mechanical
properties of chitosan films. The cured films were characterized by measuring TS, Eb, polymer loading (PL), water absorption
and gel content properties. The formulation containing 43% MMA and 15% oligomer in methanol solution showed the best performance
at 20th UV pass for 4 min soaking time. 相似文献