大孔树脂对邻苯二甲酸的吸附研究

研究了XDA-200大孔树脂对水溶液中邻苯二甲酸的吸附。结果表明XDA-200树脂对水溶液中的邻苯二甲酸吸附速度很快，30min内基本达到平衡，其后达到完全平衡的吸附进程非常缓慢。树脂对邻苯二甲酸的吸附量随质量浓度增加而增加。pH值降低，有利于邻苯二甲酸在溶液中以分子态存在，易于树脂吸附。邻苯二甲酸的吸附均满足Freundlich和Langmiur等温吸附方程。泄漏点与进水浓度和流速均有很大关系。     

微波解吸载乙醇活性炭的试验研究

针对酒精工业中产生的淡酒液用活性炭吸附 -微波解吸方法回收其中可利用的酒精。设计了固定床吸附器提纯淡酒液的流程 ,制定了活性炭吸附微波解吸的试验方案。结果表明 ,微波加热温度均匀 ,活性炭不会被过分加热分解 ,解吸速度快 ,能实现对被蒸发物质的选择加热 ,对要回收的物质可以浓缩回收     

米菲司酮废水处理的试验探索

对米菲司酮生产中产生的高浓度有机废水（ＣＯＤｃｒ８．８×１０＾４ｍｇ／Ｌ），采用常压蒸馏－活性炭吸附方法进行试验性处理，ＣＯＤｃｒ的去除率可达９５％以上，ＣＮ－去除率达９９．９％，并可回收乙醇等低沸点有机溶剂。     

黄土地区土壤对石油类污染物吸附特性的实验研究

通过室内静态实验 ,研究了石油类污染物在黄土地区土壤中的吸附行为。初步探讨了石油类污染物在黄土高原地区土壤中的吸附特性。实验表明石油类污染物在黄土地区土壤中的吸附符合Henry吸附模式 ,吸附分配系数为 1 34 .0 7;黄土对石油类的吸附速度很快 ,1 0min内即可接近吸附平衡。水土比、温度、pH、TDS等对吸附有一定影响。     

调质碳酸钙硫化机理的实验研究

对经Na2CO3溶解调质后石灰石煅烧、硫化特性进行了研究，发现调质后石灰石比未经调质石灰石具有更快的煅烧分解速率。CO2浓度变化对调质CaO硫化效果的影响程度要比未经调质CaO更为明显。调质CaO比调质前具有更高的最终钙转化率，但脱硫剂微观结构测定表明，调质CaO比表面积和孔隙率均小于同等条件下获得的未经调质CaO比表面积和孔隙率。利用X－衍射技术对CaO晶体结构进行了测定，对比晶格畸变度等参数并综合煅烧、硫化及脱硫剂孔特性，提出了调质CaO硫化反应机理为：前期为化学反应控制阶段，后期为离子扩散控制阶段。应用分形理论对CaO分形维数进行了计算，发现随CO2浓度的增加，无论调质与否得到的CaO，分形维数均呈下降趋势。     

从废活性炭中回收醋酸丁酯与再生活性炭利用的研究

采用蒸气吹脱解吸法回收吸附在废活性炭中的醋酸丁酯,并对剩余废活性炭采用热空气加热再生法使其再生并用于污水处理,实验结果表明该技术在工业回收中有很好的前景,而且经济上可行.     

苯通过活性炭固定床的透出浓度与时间的动态关系

用气相色谱法，测量苯的不同进样浓度，通过活性炭床透出浓度（C）与时间（t)，绘制C-t曲线图。各图形均类似反正切曲线。以曲线对应的函数。建立了反正切函数的线性关系方程C=A Ktg^-1(t-τ），作为数学模型基础。对该方程求时间的导数，获得透出速度分布方程，当C等于进样浓度C0的1/2时，t=τ,有最大速度K，它是吸附剂对吸附物作用的特征常数。为了验证数学模型可靠性，经相关与回归计算。结果显示，透出浓度与时间的反正切值之间，均呈高度正相关（r≥0.9927)。初步认为，建立的C-t方程是可行的，但由于进样浓度不同，方程的有关常数不一样，使之不便应用，然而，由于方程常数K和τ的对数与进样浓度的对数高度线性相关（r≥0.9999)。常数为进样浓度的指数函数，于是，用进样浓度C0代替K和τ，使方程可适应于不同进样浓度下的应用。同时，还讨论了活性炭吸附苯过程中稳定及非稳定吸附的定量关系和相关机理。     

Adsorption of chloroacetanilide herbicides on soil (I). Structural influence of chloroacetanilide herbicide for their adsorption on soils and its components

Adsorption of chloroacetanilide herbicide acetochlor,alachlor, metolachlor and propachlor on soils and soil components was determined, and the structural differences of these herbicides were used to explain the order of sorptivity. Adsorption isotherms for all herbicide-soil combinations conformed to the Freundlich equation, and Kf increased with increasing soil organic carbon content. Kd on soil humic acid was greater than that on clay, but association of humic acid with clay reduced the overall adsorption. On all soils and soil humic acids, herbicide adsorption decreased in the order: metolachlor > acetochlor > propachlor > alachlor. On Ca²⁺-montmorrilonite, the order changed to metolachlor > acetochlor > alachlor > propachlor. FT-IR spectra of herbicide-clay or herbicide-humic acid-clay mixtures showed that H-bonding and charge transfer were the primary interaction pathways between these compounds and the surface of clay or humic acids. The different moieties attached to 2-chloro-acetanilide and their unique arrangement may have influenced the binding mechanisms and thus the sorptivity of these herbicides. This study indicates that the structural difference of pesticides in the same classes may be used as a molecular probe to obtain a better understanding of sorption mechanisms of pesticides on soil.     

Adsorption of acetanilide herbicides on soil and its components. II. Adsorption and catalytic hydrolysis of diethatyl-ethyl on saturated Na(+)-, K(+)-, Ca(2+)-, and Mg(2+)-montmorillonite

Adsorption and catalytic hydrolysis of the herbicide diethatyl-ethyl [N-chloroacetyl-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)glycine ethyl ester] on homoionic Na⁺-, K⁺-, Ca²⁺-, and Mg²⁺-montmorillonite clays were investigated in water solution. The Freundlich adsorption coefficient, Kf, got from isotherms on clay followed the order of Na⁺ K⁺ > Mg²⁺ Ca²⁺. Analysis of FT-IR spectra of diethatyl-ethyl adsorbed on clay suggests probable bonding at the carboxyl and amide carbonyl groups of the herbicide. The rate of herbicide hydrolysis in homoionic clay suspensions followed the same order as that for adsorption, indicating that adsorption may have preceded and thus caused hydrolysis. Preliminary product identification showed that hydrolysis occurred via nucleophilic substitution at the carboxyl carbon, causing the cleavage of the ester bond and formation of diethatyl and its dechlorinated derivative, and at the amide carbon, yielding an ethyl ester derivative and its acid.These pathways also suggest that hydrolysis of diethatyl-ethyl was catalyzed by adsorption on the clay surface.     

吸附-磁性分离法处理含油污水的研究

本文提出了吸附-磁性分离法处理含油污水的新工艺。研究了粘土作为吸附剂在此工艺中对矿物油、COD、浊度和色度的去除效果;比较了膨润土、活性炭、煤泥、高岭土等的处理效果。对处理水中悬浮物的沉降性能以及粘土吸附剂的再生等作了初步探讨。在推荐的流程下,可使出水中矿物油<2ppm、COD<100ppm SS<1ppm。