Coal sector reform and its implications for the power sector in China

Coal is the major primary energy which fuels the economic growth in China. The Soviet-style institution of the coal sector was adopted after the People’s Republic was founded in 1949. But since the end of 1970s there have been major changes: the market mechanism was introduced to the coal sector and the Major State Coal mines were transferred from central to local governments. This paper explains these market-oriented and decentralized reforms and explores their implications for the power sector, now the largest single consumer of coal. The argument of this paper is that the market-oriented and decentralized reforms in the coal sector were influenced by the changes in state energy investment priority as well as the relationship between the central and local governments in the context of broader reforms within China’s economy. However, these market-oriented and decentralized reforms have not equally influenced the power sector. Even though initial coal sector reform spurred power generation, the subsequent fragmented reforms raise concern about electricity shortages.     

火电行业环境空气预测评价的研究

以2003年～2011年辽宁省境内新、扩改建火力发电厂和供热机组建设为研究对象,采用案例分析,结合国家有关大气环境影响预测评价的有关规定,就环境影响预测评价中存在的问题进行讨论,提出只有在SO2、NOx、PM10环境现状监测值为标准值的90%、30%、5%以上情况下才进行预测,否则,环境空气预测可以减免。     

A Heat Dynamic Model for Intelligent Heating of Buildings

This article presents a heat dynamic model for prediction of the indoor temperature in an office building. The model has been used in several flexible load applications, where the indoor temperature is allowed to vary around a given reference to provide power system services by shifting the heating of the building in time. This way the thermal mass of the building can be used to absorb energy from renewable energy source when available and postpone heating in periods with lack of renewable energy generation. The model is used in a model predictive controller to ensure the residential comfort over a given prediction horizon.     

Theoretical Calculation and Economic Assessment of the Integrated Solar Combined Cycle Power Plants

The ISCC technology representing an integrated solar combined cycle and the economic assessment of ISCC are investigated. Comparisons conducted by theoretical calculation method among two cases, that is, an integrated solar combined cycle system (ISCCS) and a combined cycle gas turbine system (CCGTS) show that ISCCS provides the best solution with the highest efficiency of heat to electricity among them. The results reflected by theoretical calculation also reveal that ISCCS is beneficial to energy saving and emission reduction. Due to the great advantages of ISCC, comprehensive analysis on the basic conditions for building ISCC power plants is analyzed in detail.     

Selecting the Best Compatible SVC Type in Power Systems for transient Stability

Considering the increased trend to use renewable energy to meet electrical energy demands, a reliable performance also should be adopted in transmitting the generated power through the stable transmission and subtransmission systems for which nowadays Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) controllers are used extensively. Transient stability is one of the most important issues in power system stability analysis. FACTS devices have confirmed their capabilities in various aspects in power networks. In this paper, to improve transient stability of power systems, a shunt connected FACTS devices have been introduced, i.e., Static VAR compensators (SVCs). The SVC has the most diversified branches among FACTS devices. The main aim of this work is to study and analyze the impact of eight branches of SVC on improvement of transient stability and to choose the best of them. Simulations are performed in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.     

High technology firms and planning policy: a case study of research machines limited,Oxford

This article reviews planning issues relating to “high‐tech” industry in Britain, and uses a case study of a manufacturer of micro‐computers in Oxford, England as a focus for a discussion. It concludes that town planning categories are not, in themselves, a constraint on high technology firms, and suggests that the provision of sites and premises by local authorities is a useful and undervalued task.     

特大型双曲线自然通风冷却塔噪声治理设计及效果

火力发电厂闭式循环冷却水系统多数是采用钢筋混凝土结构自然通风冷却塔,其噪声污染治理是一个难题.本文以上海吴泾电厂八期1#、2#机组所用特大型双曲线自然通风冷却塔为例,介绍其噪声特性、控制措施及治理效果,可供同类冷却塔噪声控制参考.     

ENVIRONMENTAL AUDITING: Economic Values of Recreational Power Boating Resources in Pennsylvania

/ The travel cost method was used to estimate the economic value of seven major power boating resources in Pennsylvania. A significant relationship between number of visitor trips and cost per visitor trip existed for five of the seven water bodies. The annual total value for those five resources was $396 million, which was 2.5 times greater than the total out-of-pocket expenditures of approximately $157 million visitors spent to visit them. Research results can help resource managers plan and craft programs and policies that are founded on economic values of the natural resources involved.     

生活饮用水阻垢剂硅磷晶阻垢性能的实验研究

采用静态阻垢法对硅磷晶阻垢剂的阻垢性能进行分析,通过单因素与正交试验探讨了阻垢剂在不同加药浓度、Ca2+浓度、温度、p H等环境条件下的阻垢效果及最佳使用条件。结果表明:阻垢效果最佳组合为:加药浓度2 mg/L,Ca2+浓度300 mg/L,温度30℃,p H=8。各因素对阻垢率影响大小顺序依次为:温度加药浓度p HCa2+浓度。在此优化组合条件下,硅磷晶阻垢率最大可达95%,用于某制药厂生活饮用水的阻垢率可达94%,效果明显,具有良好的阻垢性能。     

火电厂脱硫技术综述

介绍火电厂的脱硫技术,对几种主要的脱硫工艺进行技术经济比较,为脱硫工艺的选择提出建议。