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441.
Occurrence and microbial degradation of phthalate esters in Taiwan river sediments 总被引:33,自引:0,他引:33
Concentrations and microbial degradation rates were measured for eight phthalate esters (PAEs) found in 14 surface water and six sediment samples taken from rivers in Taiwan. The tested PAEs were diethyl phthalate (DEP), dipropyl phthalate (DPP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), diphenyl phthalate (DPhP), benzylbutyl phthalate (BBP), dihexyl phthalate (DHP), dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCP), and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). In all samples, concentrations of DEHP and DBP were found to be higher than the other six PAEs. DEHP concentrations in the water and sediment samples ranged from ND to 18.5 μg/l and 0.5 to 23.9 μg/g, respectively; for DBP the concentration ranges were 1.0–13.5 μg/l and 0.3–30.3 μg/g, respectively. Concentrations of DHP, BBP, DCP and DPhP were below detection limits. Under aerobic conditions, average degradation half-lives for DEP, DPP, DBP, DPhP, BBP, DHP, DCP and DEHP were measured as 2.5, 2.8, 2.9, 2.6, 3.1, 9.7, 11.1 and 14.8 days, respectively; under anaerobic conditions, respective average half-lives were measured as 33.6, 25.7, 14.4, 14.6, 19.3, 24.1, 26.4 and 34.7 days. In other words, under aerobic conditions we found that DEP, DPP, DBP, DPhP and BBP were easily degraded, but DEHP was difficult to degrade; under anaerobic conditions, DBP, DPhP and BBP were easily degraded, but DEP and DEHP were difficult to degrade. Aerobic degradation rates were up to 10 times faster than anaerobic degradation rates. 相似文献
442.
The lack of microbial degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from coal-rich soils 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Achten C Cheng S Straub KL Hofmann T 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(2):623-629
Analytical techniques used to assess the environmental risk of contamination from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) typically consider only abiotic sample parameters. Supercritical fluid extraction and sorption enthalpy experiments previously suggested slow desorption rates for PAH compounds in two coal-contaminated floodplain soils. In this study, the actual PAH availability for aerobic soil microorganisms was tested in two series of soil-slurry experiments. The experimental conditions supported microbial degradation of phenanthrene if it was weakly sorbed onto silica gel. Native coals and coal-derived particles in two soils effectively acted as very strong sorbents and prevented microbial PAH degradation. The long history of PAH exposure and degree of coal contamination apparently had no influence on the capability of the microbial soil community to overcome constraints of PAH availability. Within the context of the experimental conditions and the compounds chosen, our results confirm that coal-bound PAHs are not bioavailable and hence of low environmental concern. 相似文献
443.
首先阐述了东南大学4 m×6 m组装式单自由度地震模拟振动台系统的组成、性能参数以及创新技术的运用;接着深入地论述了如何正确运用台面拼装技术、合理利用现有的基础和导轨,以及现有控制系统的改造和控制方法的选择;最后通过实际的台面背景噪声试验以及波形失真试验,验证了这些创新技术的突出优点。组装系统节约了60%的建设成本;300 kN的最大载重量以及超出93%的信噪比证明,运用创新技术还极大地发挥了组装系统的动态性能。 相似文献
444.
Bingdi Liu Lin Zhang Jason H. Knouft Fangqiong Ling 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(5):64
445.
Zaishan Wei Meiru Tang Zhenshan Huang Huaiyong Jiao 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(2):20