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161.
提出一种用微波消解技术作为测定水和废水中总磷的预处理方法,这种消解方法只需10min即可,比用常规的高温高压消解法节省三分之一时间。用这身份种消解法对标样、地表水、海水、生活污水和工业废水样品进行了对比测定,所得结果经统计检验,两方法之间无显著性差异。对微波消解法的精密度和准确度进行了验证。 相似文献
162.
163.
Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak Jaya Narayan Sahu Ezzat Chan Abdullah Natesan Subramanian Jayakumar 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2016,28(7):143-155
Multiwall carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs) were synthesized using a tubular microwave chemical vapor deposition technique, using acetylene and hydrogen as the precursor gases and ferrocene as catalyst. The novel MWCNT samples were tested for their performance in terms of Pb(Ⅱ)binding. The synthesized MWCNT samples were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared(FT-IR), Brunauer, Emmett and Teller(BET), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy(FESEM) analysis, and the adsorption of Pb(Ⅱ) was studied as a function of p H,initial Pb(Ⅱ) concentration, MWCNT dosage, agitation speed, and adsorption time, and process parameters were optimized. The adsorption data followed both Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. On the basis of the Langmuir model, Qmaxwas calculated to be 104.2 mg/g for the microwave-synthesized MWCNTs. In order to investigate the dynamic behavior of MWCNTs as an adsorbent, the kinetic data were modeled using pseudo first-order and pseudo second-order equations. Different thermodynamic parameters, viz., ΔH0, ΔS0and ΔG0were evaluated and it was found that the adsorption was feasible, spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The statistical analysis revealed that the optimum conditions for the highest removal(99.9%) of Pb(Ⅱ) are at p H 5, MWCNT dosage 0.1 g, agitation speed 160 r/min and time of 22.5 min with the initial concentration of 10 mg/L. Our results proved that microwave-synthesized MWCNTs can be used as an effective Pb(Ⅱ) adsorbent due to their high adsorption capacity as well as the short adsorption time needed to achieve equilibrium. 相似文献
164.
G. Arunsandeep Abhay Lingayat V.R.K. Raju K. Srinivas Reddy 《International Journal of Green Energy》2018,15(3):189-200
A numerical model for simultaneous heat and mass transfer was developed for solar drying of spherical objects and the object considered is green peas. Solar collector outlet temperature is assumed as drying chamber temperature and justified through energy balance equations. Assumptions are imposed on heat and mass transfer governing equations without losing the physics of the problem. Discretization is performed by finite difference method with implicit scheme. To generalize, the governing equation and boundary conditions are non-dimensionalized. The set of finite difference equations was solved by Tridiagonal Matrix Algorithm and a computer code in MATLAB was developed to solve them. The drying curves showed two stages of drying, initial, and secondary drying stage. At all drying temperatures and drying time, the center moisture was maximum and it was minimum at the boundary. A percentage of 85.67 surface moisture content and 25.33% center moisture was eliminated in the first 1 hr at 348 K. The product should be dried up to 7.45, 4.74, and 3.74 hr at air drying temperatures of 318, 333, and 348 K respectively, to maintain 10% of the product’s initial moisture content. The result is compared with the experimental result from literature and they are found to be in good agreement. 相似文献
165.
微波消解ICP-AES法测定城市污水中11种元素 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
介绍了微波消解电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定城市污水中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Cr、Na、Mn、Fe、Ni、Se、Sb等11种元素的方法。在最佳试验条件下,被测元素的检出限为0.004μg/mL~0.12μg/mL,相对标准偏差为1.9%~11%,回收率为93.1%~104%。 相似文献
166.
活性炭吸附硫化氢及微波辐照解吸研究 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
研究了两种活性炭对硫化氢的平衡吸附性能力,并对活性炭床层的穿透性进行了考察;吸附饱和和活性炭在微波辐射的作用下进行解吸。实验表明,解吸效率与微波作用时间及温度有关,在本实验条件下H2S解吸效率达90.1%。 相似文献
167.
污泥直接干化产生的恶臭及挥发性有机物特征研究 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:4
利用水泥窑高温的特性协同处置城市污水厂污泥,无害化处置污泥的同时实现能源再生利用.本研究实地调查和监测广州越堡水泥有限公司污泥干化生产线的干化尾气成分,解析污泥干化过程产生恶臭及挥发性有机物的特征和主要来源,为污泥的有效处理处置提供科学的参考依据.结果表明,干化尾气中带有大量的恶臭物质及挥发性有机物.恶臭物质以二氧化硫等含硫物质为主,挥发性有机物以苯系物为主.污泥的性质以及热介质(窑尾气)的成分对恶臭物质及挥发性有机物的产生有影响.经过干化,污泥中的总有机物显著减少.蛋白质、挥发性脂肪酸、多糖等有机物含量也明显降低.干化尾气中的挥发性有机物来自于污泥中的有机物;二氧化硫、二硫化碳等含硫物质一部分源自污泥中的含硫物质,一部分来自于用于干化污泥的窑尾气. 相似文献
168.
建立了过氯乙烯滤膜采集环境空气中镉,微波消解滤膜、硝酸镁溶液作为基体改进剂,石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定镉的方法。本方法前处理操作过程简单、省时、酸用量少、环境污染小,方法的灵敏度和准确度都有很大的提高。当采样体积为6000L,镉的最低检出质量浓度为0.0008mg/m^3。 相似文献
169.
建立了一种对土壤中钼、钨元素同时进行快速准确测定的方法。土壤样品经微波消解处理后,用电感耦合等离子体质谱法进行测定,同传统测试方法相比该方法更加简单易于操作,而且该方法检测结果准确度高,精密度好。 相似文献
170.
Microwave assisted digestion followed by ICP-MS for determination of trace metals in atmospheric and lake ecosystem 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The study of trace metals in the atmosphere and lake water is important due to their critical effects on humans,aquatic animals and the geochemical balance of ecosystems. The objective of this study was to investigate the concentration of trace metals in atmospheric and lake water samples during the rainy season(before and after precipitation)between November and December 2015. Typical methods of sample preparation for trace metal determination such as cloud point extraction,solid phase extraction and dispersive liquid–liquid micro-extraction are time-consuming and difficult to perform; therefore,there is a crucial need for development of more effective sample preparation procedure. A convection microwave assisted digestion procedure for extraction of trace metals was developed for use prior to inductively couple plasma-mass spectrometric determination. The result showed that metals like zinc(133.50–419.30 μg/m~3)and aluminum(53.58–378.93 μg/m~3)had higher concentrations in atmospheric samples as compared to lake samples before precipitation.On the other hand,the concentrations of zinc,aluminum,chromium and arsenic were significantly higher in lake samples after precipitation and lower in atmospheric samples. The relationship between physicochemical parameters(pH and turbidity)and heavy metal concentrations was investigated as well. Furthermore,enrichment factor analysis indicated that anthropogenic sources such as soil dust,biomass burning and fuel combustion influenced the metal concentrations in the atmosphere. 相似文献