库尔勒市农村"白色污染"现状与对策探讨

随着地膜在农村的广泛使用,在增加了农民收入的同时也给农村带来了污染,这种“白色污染”逐年加剧了对农村生态环境的破坏.本文在对库尔勒市农村“白色污染”开展调查的基础上,提出了治理农村“白色污染”的相关措施.     

The Impotence of Cumulative Effects Assessment in Canada: Ailments and Ideas for Redeployment

Cumulative effects assessment (CEA) in Canada is in dire straits. Despite a huge amount of talk and a flurry of developmental activity associated with CEA concepts, it has not lived up to its glowing promise of helping to achieve sustainability of diverse valued ecosystem components. This article aims to articulate that failure, to examine it in terms of six major problems with CEA, and to propose solutions. The six problem areas include (1) application of CEA in project-level environmental impact assessments (EIAs), (2) an EIA focus on project approval instead of environmental sustainability, (3) a general lack of understanding of ecologic impact thresholds, (4) separation of cumulative effects from project-specific impacts, (5) weak interpretations of cumulative effects by practitioners and analysts, and (6) inappropriate handling of potential future developments. We advocate improvements not only within the purview of project-specific EIAs, but also mainly in the domain of region-scale CEAs and regional environmental effects frameworks (or perhaps land use planning). Only then will the CEA begin to approach the promise of securing sustainability of valued ecosystem components.     

玉龙雪山冰川公园的旅游资源特色及其保护

本文总结了云南省玉龙雪山以现代冰川和古冰川遗迹为主的旅游资源特色,探讨了现代冰川和古冰川遗迹的旅游观赏价值,并结合全球气候变化的趋势,提出了保护冰雪旅游资源和建立国家冰川公园的建议     

Environmental movement in Lebanon

The paper reviews and assesses the evolution of the environmental movement in both the public and the private sector in Lebanon. It studies the public sector involvement in the environmental movement by reviewing the commitments made by the government to the local, regional and international communities. The paper presents a summary of all the decisions, decrees, and laws pertaining to environmental protection that the Lebanese government has instituted over time, as well as all the conventions and agreements that the country has ratified and/or signed. Compared to the Arab world in the Middle East and North Africa, Lebanon is relatively more active and integrated in the world community. Using the total number of established environmental organizations and the level of reported activities aimed at spreading environmental awareness and educating people as indicators of private sector involvement in the environmental movement, the paper concludes that the post war era is characterized by a significant increase in the number of established organizations. It also concludes that there is a co-movement between economic and environmental variables. Readers should send their comments on this paper to: BhaskarNath@aol.com within 3 months of publication of this issue.     

中国入境旅游流国内流向偏好特征分析——以主要客源国为例

以入境客流空间流动为研究对象,构建客流流向偏好指数模型。基于2010年《中国旅游统计年鉴》的入境旅游数据,分析中国主要客源国对31个省区的流动选择偏好。结果表明,中国主要客源国的流向偏好差异很大,等级鲜明,且表现出很强的距离衰减规律和地域相关性,中国大陆地区各省区应将海外市场进行合理分级,区分自己的核心市场、潜力市场和机会市场,有针对性地开展海外营销。各省区的偏好客源国各不相同,这也为错位竞争与市场细分提供了理论依据。     

公园景观视觉质量的评价方法研究

介绍一种新的适用于公园景观视觉质量评价的方法,即“区内、区外景观复合叠加分析法”。该方法在实地观测和评价的基础上选用6个评价因子,分别为区内自然景观所占比例、区内自然景观的质素、区内景观建筑物与自然景观的协调性、区外人工建筑物的视觉占有率、区外人工建筑物离观测点的距离、区外人工建筑物的视觉主导性,对公园进行区内、区外景观的复合叠加分析,并将该方法应用于北京市典型的城市公园（紫竹院公园）和郊野公园（东小口公园）。其评价结果既可以从视觉角度对城市公园和郊野公园进行区分,又可以为公园内景观规划管理以及公园外围的空间控制提供依据。     

鹫峰国家森林公园大气中VOCs的组成与特点

采用TCT-GC/MS方法对鹫峰国家森林公园大气中挥发性有机物(VOCs)的组成进行分析,共检测到175种挥发性有机化合物,主要成分包括烷烃类、芳香烃类、酯类、酸类、醛类、酮类和萜烯类等七类,平均相对含量分别为48.11%,15.67%,17.28%,3.13%,3.17%,1.36%和1.45%;活动区中检测到的挥发性有机化合物种类最多,缓冲区次之,非活动区最少,这与每个区中人类活动的频率相一致.同时分析了大气中的VOCs的时空分布特点.     

Devastating earthquakes facilitating civil societies in developing countries: across-national analysis

ABSTRACT

Developing countries, which often have emerging or fledgling civil societies, are vulnerable to disasters, and especially devastating earthquakes. The long-term influence of devastating earthquakes on civil societies in developing countries is a critical research topic while receives relatively little attention. From a comprehensive literature review, this study identified four key areas of the civil society: civic participation, voluntary organizations, social capital, and democratic governance, and then examined four devastating earthquakes in India, Iran, Pakistan and China in the first decade of the twenty-first century as case studies, to identify the effects these earthquakes had on these four areas. It was found that from a long-term perspective, while the earthquakes strengthened the civil society, they had beneficial but limited effects. We argue that by promoting local community participation, facilitating extensive non-government organization (NGO) cooperation, and streamlining state-civil society relationships, an enabling environment can be developed to further sustain the advances made by a civil society after a disaster.     

英武山村旅游可持续发展研究

运用可持续发展的思想和理论,对乡村旅游可持续发展的内涵和意义进行了探讨。针对英武山村旅游资源品位不高、定位模糊、乡村文化和生态环境脆弱、旅游市场竞争的威胁等问题,提出了英武山村旅游可持续发展应处理好的资源开发与生态保护,政府主导与社区参与,经济效益与生态效益、社会效益,整体统筹与乡村特色的关系,同时,应坚持科学发展、可操作性、多产品并举、协调发展的原则,充分利用资源优势,打造特色品牌乡村旅游产品。     

经济发达国家是如何应对森林火灾的

火灾是我们人类所面临的最大的敌人。他的发生不仅毁坏了我们的家园、给人民生民的生命和财产的安全带来严重的危害。更重要的是他严重地破坏了我们所生存的自然环境的自身的平衡,直接危害到我们赖以生存的地球的安全。因此预防火灾的发生、有效的控制火灾的危害,把损失降到最低是全世界的人们极为关心的问题。文章给我们介绍了世界上经济较发达国家是如何应对、如何解决这个问题的。对我们的实际防火和减灾工作有很强的指导意义。