成都地区移动通信基站电磁辐射影响与水平

通过对成都地区典型移动通信基站的电磁环境监测,分析了移动通信基站的电磁环境规律及程度,明确其产生电磁环境影响在10-2W/m2等级,满足国标公众照射限值0.4W/m2的要求,并提出移动通信基站选址需要考虑的问题。     

硅胶腕带被动采集多环芳烃的可行性分析

多环芳烃（polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs）对人体危害巨大,目前关于人体暴露于大气环境PAHs研究主要以主动采样方式开展。硅胶腕带作为一种新的大气被动采样装置,具有体积小、价格低、耐磨耐热、无毒无味等优点,适合人体环境暴露监测。国际上研究刚起步,尚未建立完善的腕带被动采样与主动采样技术之间的定量关系。本研究于2019年秋冬季和2021年冬季在西安市城区,同时开展硅胶腕带被动采样与大气主动采样对低分子量（MW＜203 g·mol^?1）PAHs的对比实验,力求建立两者的联系。2019年和2021年西安冬季大气中低分子量PAHs浓度分别为(52.81±14.76) ng·m^?3和(134.59±39.48) ng·m^?3,与前人研究相当。相对应的腕带浓度为(183.07±40.43) ng·d^?1和(524.99±150.32) ng·d^?1。Pearson相关分析发现：萘、苊烯、1-甲基萘、2-甲基萘、荧蒽以及总PAHs的主、被动采样之间显著相关（P＜0.05）,相关系数均大于0.4,证明硅胶腕带被动采样方法适用于低分子量PAHs的人体暴露监测。     

Spectrophotometric and HPLC method for quantification of Loratadine on swabs for cleaning validation

Cleaning validation is a major challenge in multi-product pharmaceutical industries. UV spectrophotometric and HPLC methods have been developed and validated for determination of residual amount of Loratadine. Both methods were validated for linearity, range, accuracy, precision, and robustness. The limit of quantification was 1 mg L^?1 by UV spectrophotometric method and 0.5 mg L^?1 by HPLC method. A spike recovery study was done on a stainless steel (316 grade) plate and specific residual cleaning level (SRCL) was down to 6 μg 25.8 cm^?2. Recovery was found to be more than 70%. Both methods were simple, highly sensitive, precise, and accurate, and have potential of being useful for routine quality control.     

天津-长岛区域有机氯污染物的相对化学组成与大气传输

为了研究持久性有机污染物(POPs)的区域分布、大气传输与来源,采用被动采样技术于2006年7月—2008年6月在山东长岛与天津同步采集大气样品.色谱/高分辨质谱(GC/HRMS)分析数据表明,有机氯污染物化学组成季节变化明显.天津-长岛区域的大气样品主要按照季节聚类,表现出有机氯污染的区域性特征.天津和长岛相距约400 km,两地化学组成的相似性归因于有效的大气扩散和长距离传输.同时,天津点位的源区特征,长岛渔港和船厂含DDTs船舶防污漆的使用作为一种重要的DDTs排放,在化学组成和聚类结果中,均得到了客观的反映.有机氯污染物相对化学组成可以作为一种“指纹”和“探针”技术,研究大气污染物的传输和区域分布.      

县域土壤养分空间变异特征及合理采样数研究

以地统计学和GIS相结合,以山东费县为例探讨了土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾5种养分空间变异特征及县域尺度土壤养分的合理采样数。研究表明,有效磷的变异系数最大,由大到小依次为有效磷>速效钾>有机质>碱解氮>全氮。有机质、全氮、速效钾3种养分呈现中等强度的空间相关性且变程较大,基于土壤养分的空间相关性和克里格插值的独立验证得出费县有机质、全氮和速效钾3种养分合理采样数分别为1 035、842和1 033个,合理采样间距约为1 352、1 500和1 354 m。碱解氮不存在空间相关性,后续采样需要加大采样密度进一步研究其空间结构性。而有效磷呈现很强的空间相关性,但是变程很小,小范围内受人类活动等随机性因素较大,后续采样不能低于目前采样密度。     

Mobile phone use while driving: Predicting drivers’ answering intentions and compensatory decisions

The current study considered, for the first time, compensatory decisions within the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) to explain why people use mobile phones while driving. The effects of age, gender, and mobile phone mode on respondents’ answering intentions and compensatory decisions were mainly examined. A series of questions were administered to 333 drivers (ages 25-59), which included (1) demographic measures, (2) scales that measured prior mobile use activities in both driving and ordinary contexts, (3) a question to measure drivers’ perceptions of the safety of hands-free phones, and (4) TPB measures, which measured answer intention and two compensatory behavioural decisions (i.e., reminding the caller that he/she is driving, limiting the length of a conversations (including perceived its limits)), along with predictive variables. Drivers reported a moderate likelihood of answering intention and a strong tendency to engage in the two compensatory behaviours. Answering intention and compensatory decisions, perceived behavioural control, perceived risk, and usage frequency were more dependent on mobile phone mode and age group than gender. The regression models explained 64% and 67% of the variance in answering intention in the handheld and hands-free scenario separately. Attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural risk and control (PBRC), and prior answering behaviour emerged as common predictors. The predictive models explained 31% and 37% of the variance for perceived limits of a conversation length in handheld and hands-free scenarios, respectively. Answering intention and PBRC consistently predicted most of the variance (handheld: 28%; hands-free: 32%) for this compensatory perception limits. The theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.     

LDPE膜被动采样技术预测模型的建立及其应用

选用3种厚度的低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)膜(76,56和25μm)作为研究对象,对辛醇-水分配系数的对数(logKow)>2的有机污染物采用被动采样技术进行膜-水分配系数(Kpew)实测实验和动力学实验,首次建立考虑时间(t),膜厚度(d)和动力学3个因素的LDPE膜 Kpew预测模型.实验结果表明,预测模型得到的Kpew与实测Kpew的相对误差为±0.03,证明了预测模型的准确性和可靠性.Kpew预测模型的建立避免了实验监测Kpew的繁琐实验过程,从而极大地提高了有机污染物的监测效率.将预测模型Kpew值应用于浑河与东洲河有机污染物质的监测,监测结果进一步表明了预测模型的准确性和实用性.此外本文首次提出了苯系物的Kpew值,对LDPE膜被动采样技术应用的延伸属于突破性进展.     

Trisomy 16 detected at chorion villus sampling

Trisomy 16 detected at chorion villus sampling (CVS) may reflect the placental but not the fetal karyotype. We describe a case in which the pregnancy continued until intrauterine death at 37 weeks. Cytogenetic study of two placental samples showed 47, +16 and 46,XX; the fetus was morphologically grossly normal, but fetal tissue culture was unsuccessful. Conservative management may be appropriate when trisomy 16 is detected at CVS and the pregnancy is normal ultransonographically.     

Simultaneous sampling of PCDD/PCDF inside the combustion chamber and on four boiler levels of a waste incineration plant

At a MSWI (municipal solid waste incinerator) plant PCDD/PCDF samples (gasphase and particulates) were taken simultaneously be a shock-freezing method in the incinerator combustion chamber at approx. 800°C and in four sampling sections in the boiler at about 490°C, 370°C, 330°C and 270°C. In this way PCDD/PCDF-formation in the flow through the boiler was determined. Two data sets were evaluated. A considerable PCDD/PCDF-formation had occurred already at boiler temperatures of about 490°C; the highest concentration, however, was found at the end of the boiler at about 300°C. The accompanying measuring program of plant parameters made the calculation of the PCDD/PCDF mass flows possible, which allowed the inclusion of the PCDD/PCDF-content in the ESP dust in the mass flow calculations.