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141.
G2京津塘高速公路万辆车流的交通事故灾害与气象综合指数的关系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过整理G2京津塘高速公路3年(2007年3月至2010年2月)逐日逐时万辆车流的交通事故灾害和交通流量及气象要素资料,并将万辆车流的交通事故灾害(交通事故灾害与交通流量之商)与同步气象综合指数进行日变化相关分析;结果表明:平均万辆车流的交通事故灾害的日变化最高峰出现在05时,年平均高峰值高达2.34起·辆-1·10-4;年度、春季、夏季、秋季和冬季的平均万辆车流的交通事故灾害与同步气象综合指数均呈正抛物线的偏右侧相关,即万辆车流的交通事故灾害随气象综合指数的加大而增多;统计学检验(R>Rα=0.01和F>Fa=0.01)效果很好.四个季节的万辆车流的交通事故灾害与气象综合指数相关的系数高达0.7781~0.8537.为了更好地将自动气象监测信息服务于高速公路交通安全,在分析成果的基础上设计出了高速公路万辆车流的交通事故灾害的气象综合指数风险等级指标,以期为高速公路交通安全提供客观的科学依据. 相似文献
142.
The activity of 210Po and 210Pb was determined in mussels of the same size (3.5-4.0 cm shell length) sampled monthly over a 17-month period at the Atlantic coast of Portugal. Average radionuclide concentration values in mussels were 759 ± 277 Bq kg−1 for 210Po (range 460-1470 Bq kg−1 dry weight), and 45 ± 19 Bq kg−1 for 210Pb (range 23-96 Bq kg−1 dry weight). Environmental parameters and mussel biometric parameters were monitored during the same period. Although there was no seasonal variation of radionuclide concentrations in sea water during the study period, the concentration of radionuclide activity in mussels varied seasonally displaying peaks of high concentrations in winter and low concentrations in summer. Analysis of radionuclide data in relation to the physiological Condition Index of mussels revealed that 210Po and 210Pb activities in the mussel (average activity per individual) remained nearly constant during the investigation period, while mussel body weight fluctuated due to fat storage/expenditure in the soft tissues. Similar variation of radionuclide concentrations was observed in mussels transplanted from the sea coast into the Tejo Estuary. However, under estuarine environmental conditions and with higher food availability throughout the year, transplanted mussel Condition Index was higher than in coastal mussels and average radionuclide concentrations were 210 ± 75 Bq kg−1 (dry weight) for 210Po and 10 ± 4 Bq kg−1 (dry weight) for 210Pb, therefore lower than in coastal mussels with similar shell length. It is concluded that the apparent seasonal fluctuation and inter-site difference of radionuclide concentrations were mostly caused by mussel body weight fluctuation and not by radionuclide body burden fluctuation. This interpretation can be extended to the apparent seasonal fluctuation in concentrations of lipophilic and lipophobic contaminants in mussels, and provides an explanation for occasional high concentrations of 210Po and man-made contaminants measured in mussels far from pollution sources. 相似文献
143.
Fukushima fallout in Northwest German environmental media 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Traces of short- and long-lived fallout isotopes (131I, 134Cs and 137Cs) were found in environmental samples collected in Northwest Germany (rain water, river sediment, soil, grass and cow milk) from March to May 2011, following the radioactivity releases after the nuclear accident in Fukushima, Japan. The measured concentrations are consistent with reported concentrations in air, amount of rainfall and expected values applying simple radioecological models. The [134Cs]/[137Cs] ratio reported for air (about 1) allows for discrimination between “recent” and “old” 137Cs. Expected 136Cs values fell below the detection limits of the instrumentation, despite large sample masses and long counting times. 相似文献
144.
145.
许多房地产项目都是在工业企业原址上进行开发建设,可能存在不同程度的土壤污染。土壤污染的评估和修复方案已成为房地产开发项目环评的重点,文中采用单因子指数法、内梅罗指数法和土壤背景值对照法对江苏某房地产用地土壤进行了环境风险评价,结果表明该地块不需要进行土壤修复和处置。 相似文献
146.
绿色大学的建设是贯彻环境保护基本国策和实施可持续发展战略的重要举措之一。建立一套系统全面且便于操作的指标体系对绿色大学建设具有指导意叉。“绿色大学”建设围绕教育的核心,将可持续发展和环境保护的指导思想落实到大学的各项活动中、融入到大学教育的全过程。按目标层、准则层和指标层的思路构建绿色大学的评价指标体系。准则层由绿色教育、绿色校园、绿色科研、绿色实践和绿色办学构成,反映的是绿色校园建设所应包括的5大部分。指标层包括指标和主要参数,反映准则层的具体内容。 相似文献
147.
148.
Sensitivity indices, which rank factors pertinent to surface and subsurface runoff pathways, were used to identify phosphorus
source areas in riparian zones of 15 northern Minnesota lakes. Watershed models were first developed using a geographic information
system (GIS). Empirical models were then developed correlating water quality with land use, lake morphometry, and riparian
sensitivity. Base models of forested, cultivated, pasture/open, wetland and residential land use within 100, 200, 400, and
2000 m of the study lakes were regressed on total phosphorus and chlorophyll-a. Area-weighted groundwater and surface runoff sensitivity indices were then incorporated into each model and tested for significance.
Within the 200-m buffer, the total phosphorus base model was improved by including the groundwater index alone. The chlorophyll-a base model at 200 m was improved by including: (1) the groundwater index alone, and (2) both the groundwater and surface
runoff sensitivity indices. Results suggest that surface and subsurface runoff analysis of potential source areas can improve
decision making for lake riparian management. 相似文献
149.
150.
She-Kong Chong Stephen M. Moore 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1983,19(2):277-282
ABSTRACT: Twenty-two gaging stations were selected for developing a regional flood frequency curve for small (area less than 2 square miles) watersheds in southern Illinois. Five probability functions were compared, and the extreme value type I function was selected to develop the regional flood curve. The curve was generated with the index flood method and also another empirical method that related the function parameters to the watershed area. Estimated peak discharges with various return periods were compared with the results obtained from multiple regression analysis. 相似文献