某炮弹地面制导装备维修器材平战一体化保障研究

目的初步探讨某炮弹地面制导装备维修器材的平战一体化保障。方法结合平、战时维修器材消耗规律、修理任务分工、保障形式、保障要求等方面的差异,对维修器材平、战时的储备、保障等环节进行分析。结果建立了平战结合的维修器材标准,平战结合的维修器材储备模式和平战结合的维修器材保障手段。结论为建立灵活、高效的维修器材保障机制奠定了基础。     

Review Study on Main Models of Market Integration

With the endless strengthening of the economic globalization trend, the world market gradually steps into a new turn of the market integration period. Market integration in China is always the key study field of academic communities, but it is developed late, whatever content system or methodology shall be greatly improved as expected. This paper aims at summarizing and reviewing the study on the content system and main demonstrations of market integration in order to provide theoretical guide and methodological basis for related studies.     

国际粮食贸易背景下的市场整合与虚拟资源流动——以中国巴基斯坦大米市场为例

贸易自由化和区域经济一体化不仅会通过比较优势整合市场、提升效率,还会带来农产品贸易中虚拟资源的流动。以中国—巴基斯坦大米贸易为研究对象,使用两国大米贸易数据,首先检验中巴粮食市场整合程度,其次分析中巴大米贸易带来的虚拟水和虚拟土地的流动。结果表明：（1）中巴之间大米市场已经高度整合,且价格存在长期均衡,但巴基斯坦大米价格比中国波动大,其对中国大米的价格弹性为1.097;“一带一路”倡议带来了巴方大米价格7.8%的下降,增加了穷人的福利。（2）贸易带来了虚拟水土资源的流动。中国累计从巴基斯坦净进口大米354万t,相当于净进口国内52万hm²、巴基斯坦96.4万hm²耕地,以及国内34.4亿t、巴基斯坦101.7亿t水资源。中国应加大技术支持和扩散的力度,具有促进粮食安全,节约全球资源的意义。     

Traditional Ecological Knowledge Trends in the Transition to a Market Economy: Empirical Study in the Doñana Natural Areas

Abstract: Researchers and conservation managers largely agree on the relevance of traditional ecological knowledge for natural resource management in indigenous communities, but its prevalence and role as societies modernize are contested. We analyzed the transmission of traditional knowledge among rural local people in communities linked to protected areas in Doñana, southwestern Spain. We studied changes in knowledge related to local practices in agriculture and livestock farming among 198 informants from three generations that cover the period in which the area transited from an economy strongly dependent on local ecosystem services to a market economy with intensified production systems. Our results suggest an abrupt loss of traditional agricultural knowledge related to rapid transformations and intensification of agricultural systems, but maintenance of knowledge of traditional livestock farming, an activity allowed in the protected areas that maintains strong links with local cultural identity. Our results demonstrate the potential of protected areas in protecting remaining bodies of traditional ecological knowledge in developed country settings. Nevertheless, we note that strict protection in cultural‐landscape‐dominated areas can disrupt transmission of traditional knowledge if local resource users and related practices are excluded from ecosystem management.     

Integration of Case Studies on Global Change by Means of Qualitative Differential Equations

We present a novel methodology to integrate qualitative knowledge from different case studies on Global Change related issues into a single framework. The method is based on the concept of qualitative differential equations (QDEs) which represents a mathematically well-defined approach to investigate classes of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) used in conventional modeling exercises. These classes are defined by common qualitative features, e.g., monotonicity, signs, etc. Using the QSIM-algorithm it is possible to derive the set of possible solutions of all ODEs in the class. By this one can formulate a common, qualitatively specified cause–effect scheme valid for all case studies. The scheme is validated by testing it against the actually observed histories in the study regions with respect to their reconstruction by the corresponding QDE. The method is outlined theoretically and exemplary applied to the problem of land-use changes due to smallholder agriculture in developing countries. It is shown that the seven case-studies used can be described by a single cause–effect scheme which thus constitutes a pattern of Global Change. As a generally valid prerequisite for sustainability of this kind of land-use the presence of wage labor is shown to represent a decisive factor. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Effective application of monitoring information: the case of San Francisco Bay

The San Francisco Estuary Regional Monitoring Program (RMP) for Trace Substances is an innovative partnership among a regulatory agency, more than 70 regulated entities, and an independent scientific organization. The institutional arrangement behind the RMP has made the regulatory system increasingly responsive to emerging management needs, particularly with regard to the development of total maximum daily loads and ecosystem impairment assessment. Through multi-agency partnerships within and outside the RMP institutional structure, major information gaps for several pollutants of concern have been narrowed, resulting in a successful consensus-based regulatory approach to managing copper and nickel mass inputs into the Estuary. Short-term research efforts, based upon monitoring results, helped identify the most cost-effective control and remediation options for various bioaccumulative substances. Additionally, adaptive changes to the monitoring program documented the existence of widespread aquatic toxicity in the Estuary that is apparently due to pesticide runoff from agricultural and urban areas. One of the most important contributions of this collaborative monitoring program is the deliberate and systematic adjustment of management and research questions that serve to influence and add relevance to the overall research agenda related to San Francisco Estuary ecosystem assessment.     

消防侦察机器人的系统集成原则

消防侦察机器人可以代替消防队员从事危险的灾情侦察任务.从灾害现场的实际要求出发,提出了消防侦察机器人需要面对的具体侦察任务和应该具备的基本功能,以及在系统的集成过程中需要遵循的原则.     

铁路安全管理综合评价的一种新方法

针对铁路安全管理的现状 ,从实际应用角度出发 ,笔者提出了一种新的综合评价方法———动态集成综合分析评价法。该方法能把铁路安全管理定性与定量信息、历史事故信息与管理现状信息、安全管理措施与专家咨询意见有机地结合起来 ,构成一种动态目标评价体系 ,从而对铁路安全管理的多个方面进行综合评判 ,因此 ,能客观地反映了铁路安全管理的现状。     

农业产业化经营的地域推进机制研究——以寿光市为例

农业产业化经营是解决困扰我国社会经济发展的“三农”问题的有效途径，而推动区域农业产业化经营快速、健康发展是我国农村许多地区面临的共同课题。文章从农村市场体系建设、主导产业选择与培植、农业产业化组织模式创新三个方面探讨了寿光市农业产业化经营的地域推进机制，对我国其它地区农业产业化经营发展具有指导和借鉴意义。     

一体化动态安全管理

管理(质量、安全、健康、环境)一体化是现代企业发展的目标之一,随其不断的完善和发展,安全管理正朝着一体化可持续的方向发展。安全管理的一体化不仅能解决安全管理中出现的各种具体问题,提高安全管理工作的效能,而且能深化企业管理的一体化,一体化动态安全管理是安全管理发展的必然趋势。笔者构建了一体化动态安全管理体系,一体化安全管理体系是一个“以人为本,以法律、制度以及规范为基础的可持续发展的全面控制动态体系”。在安全管理一体化的过程中,不仅实现了微观一体化———对象一体化和过程一体化,还实现了宏观一体化;阐述了一体化安全管理的几个基本原则;分析了一体化安全管理体系的特点。一体化动态安全管理的实施将从真正意义上实现以人为本,实现安全管理的可持续发展。