水解-接触氧化工艺处理高浓度米果废水

采用水解—接触氧化—沉淀工艺处理高浓度米果废水，设计规模为100m^3／d。处理后的CODcr，BOD5，SS和色度的去除率分别达到96．8％，97．7％，94.4％，94．7％，总排放口水质为：pH=7．61，CODcr=70．7mg／L，BOD5mg／L，SS=29．2mg／L；色度的稀释倍数为8。     

碳链延长技术在有机资源回收领域的研究进展

本文综述了碳链延长技术在处理有机废料及碳资源回收领域的优势,梳理了其发展历程为后续研究提供方向指导,阐释了其生化代谢途径中物质转变、能量传递和信号传输等机理,验证了其延长为丁酸、己酸等产物的热力和动力学可行性,总结归纳了其已优化的关键反应参数和已运行的工程试验案例等方面内容.本文为揭示细胞碳链延长机制和应用碳链延长技术于实际废料治理提供理论基础和建议展望.     

Comparing dark- and photo-Fenton-like degradation of emerging pollutant over photo-switchable Bi2WO6/CuFe2O4: Investigation on dominant reactive oxidation species

The extensive use of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) poses a threat to human health and the aquatic environment. Here, magnetic p-n Bi₂WO₆/CuFe₂O₄ catalyst was fabricated to efficiently remove TCH. The obtained Bi₂WO₆/CuFe₂O₄ exhibited 92.1% TCH degradation efficiency and 50.7% and 35.1% mineralization performance for TCH and raw secondary effluent from a wastewater treatment plant in a photo-Fenton-like system, respectively. The remarkable performance was attributed to the fact that photogenerated electrons accelerated the Fe(III)/Fe(II) and Cu(II)/Cu(I) conversion for the Fenton-like reaction between Fe(II)/Cu(I) and H₂O₂, thereby generating abundant ?OH for pollutant oxidation. Various environmental factors including H₂O₂ concentration, initial pH, catalyst dosage, TCH concentration and inorganic ions were explored. The reactive oxidation species (ROS) quenching results and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra confirmed that ?O₂^? and ?OH were responsible for the dark and photo-Fenton-like systems, respectively. The degradation mechanisms and pathways of TCH were proposed, and the toxicity of products was evaluated. This work contributes a highly efficient and environmentally friendly catalyst and provides a clear mechanistic explanation for the removal of antibiotic pollutants in environmental remediation.     

Efficient degradation of Rhodamine B by magnetically recoverable Fe3O4-modified ternary CoFeCu-layered double hydroxides via activating peroxymonosulfate

Environment-friendly nano-catalysts capable of activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) have received increasing attention recently. Nevertheless, traditional nano-catalysts are generally well dispersed and difficult to be separated from reaction system, so it is particularly important to develop nano-catalysts with both good catalytic activity and excellent recycling efficiency. In this work, magnetically recoverable Fe₃O₄-modified ternary CoFeCu-layered double hydroxides (Fe₃O₄/CoFeCu-LDHs) was prepared by a simple co-precipitation method and initially applied to activate PMS for the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB). X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) were applied to characterize morphology, structure, specific surface area and magnetism. In addition, the effects of several key parameters were evaluated. The Fe₃O₄/CoFeCu-LDHs exhibited high catalytic activity, and RhB degradation efficiency could reach 100% within 20 min by adding 0.2 g/L of catalyst and 1 mmol/L of PMS into 50 mg/L of RhB solution under a wide pH condition (3.0-7.0). Notably, the Fe₃O₄/CoFeCu-LDHs showed good super-paramagnetism and excellent stability, which could be effectively and quickly recovered under magnetic condition, and the degradation efficiency after ten cycles could still maintain 98.95%. Both radicals quenching tests and electron spin resonance (ESR) identified both HO? and SO₄^?? were involved and SO₄^?? played a dominant role on the RhB degradation. Finally, the chemical states of the sample's surface elements were measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the possible activation mechanism in Fe₃O₄/CoFeCu-LDHs/PMS system was proposed according to comprehensive analysis.     

Fenton试剂氧化法处理印染废水实验研究

通过将Fenton法应用于印染废水的处理,研究pH值、温度、反应时间、Fe2+投加量以及H2O2投加量对Fenton试剂处理印染废水的影响,同时确定Fenton法处理印染废水的最适反应条件。实验结果表明:(1)最适反应条件,即pH值、温度、反应时间、Fe2+投加量、H2O2投加量分别为3,50℃,45 min,70 mg/L,2.5 mL/L,此时COD的去除率最高,为66.60%。(2)pH值为3时,下列因素对COD的去除率影响程度大小依次为H2O2投加量Fe2+投加量反应时间反应温度。     

普光气田含硫污水尾气处理工艺应用与优化

针对中国石化普光气田产出水属于典型的含硫污水,密闭处理系统中产生大量高含硫尾气,论述了尾气处理工艺中存在的问题,优化了单一的生物除硫、活性炭吸附工艺,增加了一级碱洗、氧化除硫工艺,实现尾气达标排放。     

应用质子变化滴定测量法监测氨氧化的化学计量关系

开发了一套监测批式废水生物处理系统质子变化的自动滴定测量装置.装置由批式反应器、数据自动采集与保存系统和药品自动投加系统组成.通过实际测量活性污泥氨氧化反应中氢离子产生量与氨消耗量的化学计量比值,考察自动滴定测量装置的测试精度.在1L的反应器中改变氨氮浓度(以N计)分别为1.67、3.33、8.33、16.66和30.00mg/L下实测比值与其理论值十分接近,相对误差在2.09%～6.34%之间;保持氨氮浓度16.66mg/L,在1、2、3和4L的反应器中实测比值相对误差在2.09%～-18.57%之间,随反应器体积增大而明显增大.反应器系统中的碳酸氢盐和氨盐缓冲体系,特别是在较大容积反应器中的滴定动态效应是导致测试误差的重要原因.研究成果为滴定测量方法在废水生物处理过程中监测质子变化提供了一种重要方法.     

Organic matter and concentrated nitrogen removal by shortcut nitrification and denitrification from mature municipal landfill leachate

An UASB＋Anoxic/Oxic （A/O） system was introduced to treat a mature landfill leachate with low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and high ammonia concentration. To make the best use of the biodegradable COD in the leaehate, the denitrifieation of NOx^--N in the reeireulation effluent from the elarifier was carried out in the UASB. The results showed that most biodegradable organic matters were removed by the denitrifieation in the UASB. The NH4^＋-N loading rate （ALR） of A/O reactor and operational temperature was 0.28- 0.60 kg NH4^＋-N/（m^3-d） and 17-29℃ during experimental period, respectively. The short-cut nitrification with nitrite accumulation efficiency of 90%-99% was stabilized during the whole experiment. The NH4^＋-N removal efficiency varied between 90% and 100%. When ALR was less than 0.45 kg NH4^＋-N/（m^3.d）, the NH4^＋-N removal efficiency was more than 98%. With the influent NH4^＋-N of 1200-1800 mg/L, the effluent NH4^＋-N was less than 15 mg/L. The shortcut nitrification and denitrifieation can save 40% carbon source, with a highly efficient denitrifieation taking place in the UASB. When the ratio of the feed COD to feed NH4^＋-N was only 2-3, the total inorganic nitrogen （TIN） removal efficiency attained 67%-80%. Besides, the sludge samples from A/O reactor were analyzed using FISH. The FISH analysis revealed that ammonia oxidation bacteria （AOB） accounted for 4% of the total eubaeterial population, whereas nitrite oxidation bacteria （NOB） accounted only for 0.2% of the total eubaeterial population.     

利用热活化过硫酸盐技术去除阿特拉津

利用热活化过硫酸盐(S2O2-8)技术去除水中的阿特拉津(ATZ).结果表明,增加溶液中S2O2-8浓度或提高溶液反应温度,可加速ATZ的降解.ATZ的降解是一个二级反应,其速率和溶液中ATZ和S2O2-8的浓度都成正比.初始pH为3.0~10.0时,S2O2-8对ATZ都有很好的降解效果,在酸性和中性时,降解效率高于碱性条件.利用自由基探针发现,在酸性和中性条件下,起降解作用的主要是SO·-4,而碱性条件下OH·占主导.ATZ的降解受到Cl-、CO2-3和腐殖质(HA)的影响.其中,Cl-对反应的影响比较复杂,低浓度时Cl-会生成具有高氧化还原电位的Cl·促进ATZ的降解,而高浓度时Cl·会继续反应生成氧化能力相对较弱的Cl2·-,从而抑制反应的进行.HA和CO2-3都对反应有明显的抑制作用.     

Treatment of 2-phenylamino-3-methyl-6-di-n-butylaminofluoran production effluent by combination of biological treatments and Fenton＇s oxidation

High strength refractory organic stream is produced during the production of 2-phenylamino-3-methyl-6-di-n-butylaminofluoran （One Dye Black 2, abbr. ODB 2）, a novel heat-sensitive material with a promising market. In this study, a combination of acidificationprecipitation, primary biological treatment, Fenton＇s oxidation and another biological treatment was successfully used for the removal of COD from 18000-25000 mg/L to below 200 mg/L from the ODB 2 production wastewater in a pilot experiment. A COD removal of 70%-80% was achieved by acidification-precipitation under a pH of 2.5-3.0. The first step biodegradafion permitted an average COD removal of 70% under an hydraulic residence time （HRT） of 30 h. By batch tests, the optimum conditions of Fenton＇s oxidation were acquired as： Fe^2＋ dose 6.0 mmol/L; H2O2 dose 3000 mg/L; and reaction time 6 h. The second step biological treatment could ensure an effluent COD below 200 mg/L under an HRT of 10 h following the Fenton＇s treatment.