上海北部郊区土壤多环芳烃含量及来源分析

为研究上海北部郊区农田土壤的多环芳烃(PAHs)含量特征,野外采集表层土壤样品,通过室内分析方法测定了土壤中16种PAHs的含量.结果表明,在研究区土壤中16种优控PAHs总含量(w(PAH₁₆₎)为203.8～6　753.9 ng/g, 平均值为1　172.7 ng/g. 相对于荷兰的土壤修复目标值而言,上海北部郊区部分地块农田表层土壤PAHs含量偏高.说明研究区农田土壤已经受到了一定程度的PAHs污染.根据不同环数PAHs的相对丰度法和PAHs组分的浓度比值法判断,上海北部郊区表层土壤中的PAHs主要来源于石油和煤等化石燃料的高温燃烧及汽车尾气排放等燃烧源.      

含油污泥处理技术进展

对国内外含油污泥的处理技术作一简述,介绍了含油污泥的调质－机械分离处理技术,高温处理技术,溶剂萃取处理技术和综合利用技术。     

基于深度学习的污染场地作业人员着装规范性检测

为解决污染场地修复作业中缺乏统一的人员安全保障管理措施以及人工监管困难的问题,结合HSE理念提出1种基于优化Faster R-CNN的作业人员着装规范性检测算法。该方法在回归损失函数中引入L2正则项,既保证模型的泛化能力,又提高深层网络模型收敛速度。基于自建着装规范数据集（Dress Code Dataset）进行实验,评价算法检测时间和mAP等指标。结果表明:所提出的着装规范性检测算法检测时间为44 ms,mAP为88.17%,解决了传统检测算法中实时性和准确率低的问题,且模型具有更好的泛化性和鲁棒性。     

叉车“安全保护与防护装置”定检项目的探讨

本文通过综合比较现行安全技术规范、标准对叉车“安全保护与防护装置”的要求,分析叉车“安全保护与防护装置”的检验范围及内容,对其中争议较大项目的检验要求和方法提出建议.     

新疆集中式饮用水不同水源类型放射性水平对比分析

本文调查了新疆某集中式饮用水不同水源类型总α、总β放射性水平,对不同的水源类型进行了数据对比,以为测量分析中出现的异常数据提供一个有效的鉴别依据。采集了新疆集中式饮用水不同类型水源经放化分析及测量总α、总β数值,得到新疆集中式饮用水不同水源类型放射性水平,并对不同类型的水源进行了对比分析。研究发现,总体上新疆某集中式饮用水不同水源类型的放射性水平基本处于正常环境本底范围,天然放射性核素水平未见异常;总α、总β的放射性浓度的高低是相依而存的,总α放射性浓度高的,其β的放射性浓度也高,总α放射性浓度低的,其β的放射性浓度也低;湖库型、河流型、地下水三种水源地的总α、总β的放射性浓度的高低的起因,主要包括其地理位置、水源类型等。     

基于遥感数据的京津冀地区PM2.5时空分布特征

基于MODIS AOD遥感数据,采用多元线性回归模型对PM2.5地面监测数据进行模拟估算,同时加入降水量、相对湿度等气象因子以提高模型精度,结合GIS空间分析技术,得到2015—2016年京津冀地区空间连续的PM2.5浓度分布。结果表明:利用多元线性回归模型反演PM2.5浓度效果较好,R 2均在0.59~0.84之间。在时间上,京津冀地区PM2.5浓度呈现出夏季最低、秋季稍高、冬春两季最高的变化趋势;在空间上,2015年和2016年京津冀地区PM2.5浓度有明显的区域差异,均呈现出西北低、东南高的分布格局,大致与燕山山脉和太行山脉走向一致。     

Occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in human milk samples in Vojvodina,Serbia: Estimation of average daily intake by babies

The objectives of the study were to determine the aflatoxin M1 content in human milk samples in Vojvodina, Serbia, and to assess the risk of infants' exposure to aflatoxins food contamination. The growth of Aspergillus flavus and production of aflatoxin B1 in corn samples resulted in higher concentrations of AFM1 in milk and dairy products in 2013, indicating higher concentrations of AFM1 in human milk samples in 2013 and 2014 in Serbia. A total number of 60 samples of human milk (colostrum and breast milk collected 4–8 months after delivery) were analyzed for the presence of AFM1 using the Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay method. The estimated daily intake of AFM1 through breastfeeding was calculated for the colostrum samples using an average intake of 60 mL/kg body weight (b.w.)/day on the third day of lactation. All breast milk collected 4–8 months after delivery and 36.4% of colostrum samples were contaminated with AFM1. The greatest percentage of contaminated colostrum (85%) and all samples of breast milk collected 4–8 months after delivery had AFM1 concentration above maximum allowable concentration according to the Regulation on health safety of dietetic products. The mean daily intake of AFM1 in colostrum was 2.65 ng/kg bw/day. Results of our study indicate the high risk of infants' exposure, who are at the early stage of development and vulnerable to toxic contaminants.     

石油污染土壤的微生物修复技术

介绍了石油污染土壤微生物修复技术的影响因素;概述了生物刺激、生物强化、固定化微生物、植物-微生物联合修复以及电动-微生物联合修复石油污染土壤的技术原理,分析了现阶段土壤修复过程中面临的难题,预测了微生物修复技术的研究方向。指出优化微生物的环境条件、培育新型高效的基因工程菌和开发经济高效的新型修复技术等将是未来微生物修复技术的发展趋势。     

火炸药生产废水污染土壤修复的研究进展

总结了国内外化学修复法和生物修复法修复火炸药生产废水污染土壤的研究进展。比较了各种方法的优缺点,提出了未来火炸药生产废水污染土壤修复技术的研究方向。指出:应将物理修复法、化学修复法及生物修复法相结合,将修复定位于综合化、彻底化及可利用化,以期达到火炸药生产废水污染土壤的无害化治理。     

Climate Change Reporting in Great Lakes Region Newspapers: A Comparative Study of the Use of Expert Sources

This study focuses on the use of science sources as experts in news stories about climate change coverage in the Great Lakes region of the US and Canada. We examine, using the hierarchy of influences model, whether the use of scientific sources in climate change coverage may be related to factors such as geographic location, reporting frequency, and authorship, in the prestige press as well as regional and local media. The study found that as many or more non-scientists than scientists are selected as sources regardless of geographic location, reporting frequency, or authorship. However, the study also found that the more stories reporters produce on this topic, the more likely their stories are to use and give prominence to science sources. In addition, the articles included few denier sources, but denier views are more likely to appear in a more prominent location in the articles than supporters when stories are framed as conflict over global warming. These results highlight the need for additional research examining the expertise of climate scientists in news stories to better understand news decision-making in the context of complex scientific reporting.