Removal of Remazol Brilliant Violet-5R dye using periwinkle shells

The purpose of this research is to obtain optimal processing conditions for the adsorption of Remazol Brilliant Violet-5R (RBV-5R) dye onto activated carbon prepared from periwinkle shells (PSAC) by chemical activation with KOH using response surface methodology. Central composite design (CCD) was used to determine the effects of three preparation variables; CO₂ activation temperature, CO₂ activation time and KOH:char impregnation ratio (IR) on two responses; percentage RBV-5R dye removal and PSAC yield. Based on the CCD, two quadratic models were developed for percentage RBV-5R dye removal and PSAC yield, respectively. The most influential factor on each experimental design response was identified from the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The optimum conditions for the adsorption of RBV-5R dye onto PSAC were CO₂ activation temperature of 811 °C, CO₂ activation time of 1.70 h and IR of 3.0, resulting in 81.28% RBV-5R dye removal and 28.18% PSAC yield. PSAC prepared under optimum conditions was mesoporous with a Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area of 1894 m²·g^?1, total pore volume of 1.107 cm³·g^?1 and average pore diameter of 2.32 nm. The surface morphology and functional groups of the activated carbon were respectively determined from the scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared analysis.     

239Pu在西南某地板岩与土壤中的吸附行为

以西南某极低放废物处置库预选场址地质环境中板岩与土壤为吸附介质,通过吸附实验和解吸实验,研究了不同介质粒径、环境温度(10℃—50℃)、水相pH(4—12)对239Pu核素在板岩与土壤介质中吸附行为的影响特征.吸附实验表明,水相环境中板岩和土壤介质对239Pu核素的吸附过程在10 d左右达到平衡,并且其吸附分配比随着介质粒径的减小而增大,随着水相pH值的增大而增大,但温度对其吸附的影响不明显.解吸实验表明板岩和土壤介质对239Pu核素的吸附是可逆的.     

树脂负载α-FeOOH异相光Fenton降解水中己烷雌酚

以Amberlite200树脂为载体,在Fe(NO3)3-HNO3体系中恒温水解制备了负载型催化剂α-FeOOH/Resin,以己烷雌酚(HEX)为目标化合物,研究了α-FeOOH/Resin的异相Fenton催化性能.结果表明,α-FeOOH/Resin异相Fenton反应能够有效降解水中的HEX,紫外光和H2O2的协同作用很大程度地提高了降解效率;pH值的降低或初始H2O2浓度的提高,均能增加HEX的降解速率;在中性条件下,HEX的光Fenton降解过程中,溶出的铁元素对降解贡献不大,异相Fenton反应起主导作用;催化剂重复使用后仍具有较好的催化活性和机械强度,说明铁在其表面负载牢固,催化剂具有一定的实用性.     

Fe-C-H_2O_2协同催化氧化处理印染废水

用Fe-C-H2O2协同催化氧化体系对印染工业废水的降解脱色处理进行了研究。对影响印染废水降解的几种因素如铁屑/碳粒质量比、双氧水的质量分数、废水pH等进行考察。试验结果表明,对于色度为650度和ρ（COD）为468mg·L-1的印染废水,在废水pH=4.8的情况下,当铁屑/碳粒质量比为25∶1、H2O2用量为150mg·L-1、催化反应30min时,印染废水的脱色率达98%以上,CODCr去除率可达78%。与Fe-C微电解法相比,Fe-C-H2O2协同催化氧化方法对印染废水的脱色能力和去除COD,表现出了更好的处理效果。     

真菌产漆酶对蒽醌类染料脱色的研究

以香菇发酵获得漆酶粗酶液,用该酶液对蒽醌类染料进行脱色研究,分别考察了反应温度、pH值、时峰、漆酶浓度和不同染料的脱色影响.结果表明,香菇产漆酶粗酶液对蒽醌类染料具有良好的脱色效果,脱色最佳条件为：温度在30℃左右、pH3-4、反应8h、酶单位在20-30U/L的脱色率达85％.     

Effects of glucose on the decolorization of Reactive Black 5 by yeast isolates

The cometabolic roles of glucose were investigated in decolorization of an azo dye, Reactive Black 5, by yeast isolates, Debaryomyces polymorphus and Candida tropicalis. The results indicated that the dye degradation by the two yeasts was highly associated with the yeast growth process and glucose presence in the medium. Color removal of 200 mg dye/L was increased from 76.4% to 92.7% within 60 h to 100% within 18-24 h with the increase of glucose from 5 to 10 g/L, although the activity of manganese dependent peroxidase （MnP） decreased by 2-8 times in this case. Hydrogen peroxide of 233.3 μg/L was detected in 6 h in D. polymorphus culture. The cometabolic functions of glucose and hydrogen peroxide could be also confirmed by the further color removals of 95.8% or 78,9% in the second cycle of decolorization tests in which 7 g glucose/L or 250 μg H202/L was superadded respectively together with 200 mg dye/L.     

活性炭多维电极法处理活性染料模拟废水的机理研究

以活性嫩黄K-4G染料模拟废水为处理对象,探讨了多维电极系统处理活性染料废水时色度、COD降解的效果和机理。结果表明,活性炭多维电极法对染料废水的处理效果优于单纯电解法和单纯活性炭吸附法;氧化和还原作用对染料的色度和COD去除效果相差不大;增大处理系统中溶液的循环流量可显著改善活性炭多维电极系统对COD和色度的去除效果。     

电化学催化氧化法降解水中甲基橙的研究

采用电沉积-热解氧化法制备了含有中间层SnO2+Sb2O3的钛基体二氧化铅电极(Ti/SnO2+Sb2O3/PbO2),以甲基橙水溶液为模拟废水,研究了所制备的电极对其所具有的电催化氧化脱色性能。考察了电极制备条件对电极催化性能的影响,同时对甲基橙脱色降解实验条件进行了优化。用该电极对含60mg/L甲基橙的模拟废水处理2h,脱色率可达到82.21%,COD去除率为76.75%。     

金属涂料生产中挥发性有机物（VOC）的污染及其防治

阐明了金属涂料生产中挥发性有机物（VOC）的危害性,介绍了一种工程造价低,处理效果较好的治理方法,供投资生产金属涂料的生产者参考。     

洗毛废水的不同处理方法对活性炭吸附的影响

通过活性炭吸附2种不同处理方法处理后的洗毛废水,研究了活性炭的吸附容量和吸附机理。结果表明：活性炭吸附无机酸酸化处理后废水和高分子絮凝剂处理后废水中COD的吸附容量分别为：70mg／g和43mg／g。进一步研究发现,2种废水中废水中小分子组分和疏水性组分的含量差异是造成活性炭吸附效果差异的主要原因。