Electro-conductive crosslinked polyaniline/carbon nanotube nanofiltration membrane for electro-enhanced removal of bisphenol A

● A crosslinked polyaniline/carbon nanotube NF membrane was fabricated. ● Electro-assistance enhanced the removal rate of the NF membrane for bisphenol A. ● Intermittent voltage-assistance can achieve nearly 100% removal of bisphenol A. ● Membrane adsorption–electro-oxidation process is feasible for micropollutant removal. Nanofiltration (NF) has attracted increasing attention for wastewater treatment and potable water purification. However, the high-efficiency removal of micropollutants by NF membranes is a critical challenge. Owing to the adsorption and subsequent diffusion, some weakly charged or uncharged micropollutants, such as bisphenol A (BPA), can pass through NF membranes, resulting in low removal rates. Herein, an effective strategy is proposed to enhance the BPA removal efficiency of a crosslinked polyaniline/carbon nanotube NF membrane by coupling the membrane with electro-assistance. The membrane exhibited a 31.9% removal rate for 5 mg/L BPA with a permeance of 6.8 L/(m²·h·bar), while the removal rate was significantly improved to 98.1% after applying a voltage of 2.0 V to the membrane. Furthermore, when BPA coexisted with humic acid, the membrane maintained 94% removal of total organic carbon and nearly 100% removal of BPA at 2.0 V over the entire filtration period. Compared to continuous voltage applied to the membrane, an intermittent voltage (2.0 V for 0.5 h with an interval of 3.5 h) could achieve comparable BPA removal efficiency, because of the combined effect of membrane adsorption and subsequent electrochemical oxidation. Density functional theory calculations and BPA oxidation process analyses suggested that BPA was adsorbed by two main interactions: π–π and hydrogen-bond interactions. The adsorbed BPA was further electro-degraded into small organic acids or mineralized to CO₂ and H₂O. This work demonstrates that NF membranes coupled with electro-assistance are feasible for improving the removal of weakly charged or uncharged micropollutants.     

入侵植物凋落物浸提液对紫色土吸附金霉素的影响

用3种入侵植物的地上(O)和地下(U)凋落物浸提液(Le)对紫色土进行修饰,采用批处理法研究各Le修饰土样对金霉素(CTC)的等温吸附特征,分析pH值、离子强度和温度对CTC吸附的影响。结果表明：各Le修饰紫色土对CTC的吸附等温线最适用于Freundlich模型描述;当pH值为2,离子强度为0.1 mol/L和试验温度40 ℃时,一年蓬(Conyzaannumus)Le修饰紫色土对CTC的吸附效果最佳,最大吸附量为1.68 mmol/kg~7.94 mmol/kg;当Le修饰比例为100%时,OLe和ULe修饰紫色土对CTC的吸附量均达到最大,且OLe修饰紫色土对CTC的吸附效果相比ULe更佳。     

直接电解法处理染料废水的研究

实验以Ti为基体 ,分别采用热分解法和阳极电沉积法制备了SnO2 和PbO2 电极。用XRD、SEM、XPS和稳态极化、循环伏安法分别对上述电极进行结构特性表征和电化学特性检测。实验结果表明 ,在相同工作条件下 ,SnO2 电极的析氧电势比PbO2 电极高 30 0～ 5 0 0mV ,且其作为阳极降解的直接染料 (直接橙S和直接耐晒黑G)模拟废水COD值下降速度快。在模拟染料废水处理体系中 ,提高反应温度有利于染料的降解。SnO2 电极阳极氧化染料溶液过程中 ,能定性检测到降解产物———CO2 。     

Tetracycline removal via adsorption and metal-free catalysis with 3D macroscopic N-doped porous carbon nanosheets: Non-radical mechanism and degradation pathway

Recently, metal-based carbon materials have been verified to be an effective persulfate activator, but secondary pollution caused by metal leaching is inevitable. Hence, a green metalfree 3D macroscopic N-doped porous carbon nanosheets（NPCN） was synthesized successfully. The obtained NPCN showed high adsorption capacity of tetracycline（TC） and excellent persulfate（PS） activation ability, especially when calcined at 700 °C（NPCN-700）. The maximum adsorption capacity of NPCN-700 was 121.51 mg/g by ...     

脱色菌腐败希瓦氏菌的分离及其脱色性能研究

从印染废水处理装置中分离到一株高效脱色菌,经鉴定为腐败希瓦氏菌(Shewanella putrefaciens),这是该菌具有高效脱色性能的首次报道。在实验条件下,对该菌的脱色能力进行比较研究,它在合适条件下能有效地去除生产上常用的多种染料,在6h内对活性艳红染料的去除率可达99％～100％。实验中对充氧、温度以及共代谢碳源等因子对该苗的脱色能力的影响进行了研究,为在生产实际中的应用提供了依据。     

甲基叔丁基醚的污染治理技术研究进展

甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE)是一种无铅汽油添加剂,其广泛使用造成了土壤和地下水污染;同时对人类有可疑致癌作用,因此成为人们关注的焦点.对近年来国外MTBE的污染治理技术研究进展进行了综述,并对主要方法进行了对比.在适宜的微生物存在条件下,MTBE的生物降解是可以发生的;植物修复技术可用于地下水和土壤污染治理;物理化学方法种类繁多,包括吸附和高级氧化等,其处理效率高成本也较高;新的处理技术如渗透性活性障壁PRB、膜分离/催化技术等也在研究之中.     

聚电解质吸附特性的压电传感监测研究

在石英晶体微天平的电极表面修饰SiO2薄层,实时测定阳离子聚电解质均聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵在SiO2表面的吸附质量和吸附动力学过程,在此基础上,监测阴离子染料活性艳红K-2BP在预吸附聚电解质膜上的吸附过程,并讨论了溶液离子强度、pH值对聚电解质吸附特性的影响.     

微电解对不同结构染料脱色效果的研究

采用微电解法研究了染料脱色效率与染料结构的关系.结果表明,脱色的难易程度从染料结构看,依次为偶氮型、蒽醌型＞金属络合型＞半菁阳型.在pH值为5.7-6.0,铁炭比为2:1时,处理效果最好,对100mg·l-1的摸拟染料废水处理1h后,脱色率达到90%以上.     

静电加速器辐射污染环境监测系统

介绍了静电加速器辐射污染环境监测系统的结构与原理,采用合理的布局设置对静电加速器在运转中产生的γ、X和快中子等多种辐射实时监测,并按国际辐射吸收剂量率标准进行辐射污染防护.该系统实际运行效果良好,也适用于其他大范围场地多种辐射的监测.     

废物热解焚烧工艺设备选择的技术要点

主要介绍了热解氧化焚烧的概念及原理,指出了实现热解氧化焚烧的关键因素。根据热解焚烧的控制过程,详细地介绍了静态热解和动态热解的工艺特点,并对实现热解焚烧所采用的焚烧炉进行了比较及适用性分析,提出了废物热解焚烧工艺的技术要点。