Boron removal from produced water using electrocoagulation

Produced water is the largest wastestream of oil and gas exploration but its chemical composition hinders its beneficial use. Effective treatment and reuse of produced water can mitigate scarcity of fresh water, especially in arid areas. Presence of inorganic compounds such as boron in produced water renders its beneficial use difficult. In this study, boron removal from produced water was investigated. Synthetic wastewater was prepared simulating the range of boron concentrations in produced water. Four operating parameters pH (3–11), charge loading (1200–3600 Ah/m³), contact time (15–90 min) and concentration (10–30 mg/L) were selected and their optimum conditions investigated. The obtained optimum conditions were applied to treat real produced water. Residual boron concentration of 0.3 mg/L was obtained from initial boron concentration of 15 mg/L in real produced water at optimum conditions of pH 7, charge loading 2400 Ah/m³ and contact time 90 min. Boron adsorption could be represented by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Electrocoagulation can be used for the effective removal of boron from produced water.     

车用LNG气瓶的定期检验技术

针对车用液化天然气（LNG）气瓶定期检验的特殊要求,制定出定期检验项目及相应的检验方法。重点对车LNG气瓶静态蒸发率的测试方法进行研究,并给出评判标准。研究成果为车用LNG气瓶的安全应用提供保障,为车用LNG气瓶定期检验标准的制定提供理论依据。     

改性腐殖酸对铀的吸附的试验研究

通过静态吸附实验,探讨了改性HA对U(Ⅵ)吸附影响。考查pH值、时间、U(Ⅵ)的初始浓度和温度等对吸附的影响。结果表明:pH值对改性腐殖酸的吸附效果影响较大,改性腐殖酸吸附U(Ⅵ)的最佳pH值为6,最大去除率为99.37%,吸附在60 min内基本达到平衡。UO22+在改性腐殖酸上的吸附是放热过程,符合Freundlich等温吸附方程,相关系数达0.99以上,表明IHA对铀的吸附是以表面为主要吸附位,并不是均匀的单层吸附。图8,参9.     

Investigation of phosphate adsorption from an aqueous solution using spent fluid catalytic cracking catalyst containing lanthanum

A spent fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst containing lanthanum (La) was used as a novel adsorbent for phosphorus (P) in simulated wastewater. The experiments were conducted in a batch system to optimize the operation variables, including pH, calcination temperature, shaking time, solid-liquid ratio, and reaction temperature under three initial P-concentrations (C₀ = 0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 mg/L). Orthogonal analysis was used to determine that the initial P-concentration was the most important parameter for P removal. The P-removal rate exceeded 99% and the spent FCC catalyst was more suitable for use in low P-concentration wastewater (C₀ <5.0 mg/L). Isotherms, thermodynamics and dynamics of adsorption are used to analyze the mechanism of phosphorus removal. The results show that the adsorption is an endothermic reaction with high affinity and poor reversibility, which indicates a low risk of second releasing of phosphate. Moreover, chemical and physical adsorption coexist in this adsorption process with LaPO₄ and KH₂PO₄ formed on the spent FCC catalyst as the adsorption product. These results demonstrate that the spent FCC catalyst containing La is a potential adsorbent for P-removal from wastewater, which allows recycling of the spent FCC catalyst to improve the quality of water body.

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纳米铜复合材料催化还原染料废水的研究

以铜的有机金属框架为铜源前驱物,酚醛树脂为碳源,合成了多孔碳层支撑的Cu/Cu2O/C非贵金属复合材料.负载的Cu/Cu2O颗粒粒径在40nm左右,多孔碳层的高孔隙结构有利于Cu/Cu2O颗粒与目标物充分接触.将Cu/Cu2O/C作为催化剂用于水中多种染料类污染物(邻硝基苯、亚甲基蓝和罗丹明B)的催化还原反应中,材料重复利用5次后,目标物的降解率仍在99%以上,催化剂表现出了良好的催化活性和稳定性.     

不溶性腐殖酸对六价铬离子的吸附研究

研究了不溶性腐殖酸（IHA）对六价铬（Cr（Ⅵ））的吸附作用及反应接触时间、pH、IHA投加量、温度等对吸附作用的影响,确定了最佳反应条件。实验表明,在反应接触时间60min、酸性pH7左右的水溶液条件下,IHA对Cr（Ⅵ）去除率可达98%。绘制了IHA对Cr（Ⅵ）的反应动力学曲线和吸附等温线。     

铁炭微电解-微波激发无极紫外光处理活性红195染料模拟废水

以NaClO为氧化剂,采用铁炭微电解-微波激发无极紫外光协同作用处理活性红195染料模拟废水。实验的优化工艺条件为：当NaClO加入量为9mL／L,用铁炭微电解～微波激发无极紫外光协同作用处理质量浓度为400mg／L的活性红195染料模拟废水50min时,废水脱色率达97％,COD去除率达82％。     

开放静置体系中白地霉Y1对染料脱色降解研究

采用白地霉Y1对染料进行脱色,考察了染料初始浓度、接种量、pH值、C/N比和温度等因素对白地霉降解溴酚蓝的影响,并对其降解机理进行了探讨。实验结果表明：白地霉能在开放静置条件下对部分染料进行有效的脱色,对溴酚蓝尤其有效。开放静置体系下,白地霉能对300 mg/L的溴酚蓝进行脱色,脱色pH和温度分别为2～8、25～40℃,高碳低氮环境中更有利于脱色,接种量对染料脱色影响不大。通过对胞外液絮凝及脱色作用、葡萄糖代谢情况及染料脱色扫描图谱分析表明,白地霉主要通过分泌胞外液对溴酚蓝进行作用,且能对溴酚蓝有效降解。     

接枝羧基淀粉对贵金属离子吸附性能研究

研究了接枝羧基淀粉（ＩＳＣ）对贵金属离子Ａｇ（Ⅰ）,Ｐｄ（Ⅱ）、Ｐｔ（Ⅳ）的静态吸附性能和选择性及介质的ＰＨ对其吸附性能的影响,利用接枝羧基淀粉与Ａｇ（Ⅰ）形成螯合物的红外光谱和Ｘ－射线光电子能谱数据（ＸＰＳ）探讨了其吸附作用机理。     

Fenton试剂与染料溶液的反应

Ｆｅｎｔｏｎ试剂与酸性、活性、直接、阳离子、分散和还原６类１８种染料反应进,前４类染料在１８０ｍｉｎ内完全脱色,ＴＯＣ浓度均显著下降。后２类染料的脱色率很低,ＴＯＣ浓度降低不多,研究了不同金属离子与此外光的催化下,Ｔ２Ｏ２对染料罗丹明Ｂ溶液的氧化反应。催化的结果为：Ｆｅ＾２／ＵＶ〉Ｃｕ＾２＋／ＵＶ〉Ｆｅ＾２＋〉Ｃｕ＾２＋〉Ｍｕ＾２＋／ＵＶ〉Ａｇ＾＋／ＵＶ〉Ｍｎ＾２＋〉Ａｇ＾＋,通过与还原蓝ＲＳＮ溶