An investigation on the dust explosion of micron and nano scale aluminium particles

A series of dust explosion were conducted to compare the flame structure between nano and micron aluminium dusts. Two-color pyrometer technique is applied to have qualitative observation of flame development. Measurement of temperature indicates that explosion in micron aluminium dust clouds start in a single spot at 3000 K, in contrast, explosion in nano aluminium dust clouds start when hot powder accumulated to a certain amount at lower temperature of 2600 K. For micron aluminium dust clouds, flame at leading edge has the highest temperature and propagates in all directions. On the other hand, flame in nano aluminium dust clouds propagate only upward with the hottest part left behind at the downside. As flame propagates, the temperature at top edge gradually decreases from 2600 K to finally 2000 K, but temperature at bottom edge maintains in 3000 K with no significant displacement. The unevenness of flame structure is considered as the consequence of different particle densities, which suggests that the reaction of nano aluminium particles stays in molten state, meanwhile, the high surface area also leads to unignorable heat loss.     

凝结水处理技术在大港石化的应用

根据石化行业凝结水污染的特点,结合大港石化动力车间凝结水处理前的现状及凝结水含油、铁及其他离子的情况,采用了复合双层膜凝结水处理技术对凝结水中的油、铁进行去除,运行实践证明油的去除率≥90％,铁的去除率≥80％,出水符合国家锅炉补水标准,并具有运行成本低等特点。此项技术填补了石化行业凝结水除油除铁的空白。     

处理含铁尘泥的DRI工艺优选及废气污染防治

将高炉炼铁及炼钢时产生的含铁尘泥作为配料回用于烧结生产是目前较常使用的方法,但是这些尘泥之中的重金属Zn和Pb可能会对烧结和后续的高炉炼铁产生不良影响,通过对直接还原铁的工艺和设备进行综合对比,确定以转底炉为主要设备的煤基直接还原工艺较为适合处理炼铁及炼钢的含铁尘泥,并对转底炉工艺的原理及污染防治措施进行了讨论,最后提出了该工艺和钢铁联合企业之间的循环经济产业链。     

钢铁行业碳排放量核算方法的实证性研究

介绍了碳排放量核算的基本原理与通用方法。以某钢铁公司焦化厂CO2排放量计算为实例,对比分析了物料衡算法和经验计算法的合理性和准确性。研究发现,对于钢铁企业来说,采用IPCC方法进行CO2排放量的计算是可行的。     

江汉油田老二站提高水质达标率研究

江汉油田老二站采出水经典处理后回注,出水悬浮物、Fe2+和细菌均超标严重,水质达标率低.通过工艺调整,工艺前段利用SRB的除铁作用大幅度降低Fe2+含量;絮凝沉降阶段依据Fenton反应原理,借助H2O2的氧化除铁与杀菌作用,提高絮凝沉降效率,降低悬浮物含量;工艺末段选用多种杀菌剂交替杀菌.结果表明,工艺调整后以100 mg/L的H2O2代替原絮凝剂,间歇添加100 mg/L的杀菌剂Ⅱ,出水含铁1.5 mg/L、悬浮物3.0 mg/L、SRB 10个/mL,老二站水质达到注水水质标准要求,水质达标率达80％.     

Effects of using arsenic–iron sludge wastes in brick making

The arsenic–iron sludge generated in most of the treatment systems around the world is discharged into the nearest watercourse, which leads to accumulative rise of arsenic and iron concentrations in water. In this study, attempts were made to use the arsenic–iron sludge in making bricks and to analyze the corresponding effects on brick properties. The water treatment plant sludge is extremely close to brick clay in chemical composition. So, the sludge could be a potential substitute for brick clay. This study involved the addition of sludge with ratios 3%, 6%, 9% and 12% of the total weight of sludge–clay mixture. The physical and chemical properties of the produced bricks were then determined and evaluated and compared to control brick made entirely from clay. Results of different tests indicated that the sludge proportion and firing temperature were the two key factors in determining the quality of bricks. The compressive strength of 3%, 6%, 9% and 12% sludge containing brick samples were found to be 14.1 MPa, 15.1 MPa, 9.4 MPa and 7.1 MPa, respectively. These results indicate that the compressive strength of prepared bricks initially increased and then decreased with the increase of sludge proportion. Leaching characteristics of burnt bricks were determined with the variation of pH at a constant temperature. The optimum amount of sludge that could be mixed with clay to produce good bonding of clay–sludge bricks was found to be 6% (safely maximum) by weight.     

钢渣资源化利用技术现况和探讨

介绍了目前我国钢渣预处理工艺和尾渣资源化利用的主要方法,并对钢渣的资源化利用发展进行了探讨。我国钢渣的资源化利用主要受到地域、钢渣性质以及市场3方面因素的限制。建议大力推广钢渣有压热闷等先进钢渣预处理技术,使钢渣处理更加高效、环保。钢渣尾渣用于制备胶凝材料和道路建设是大批量消纳钢渣的可行方法,应争取政府和财政的支持,推动跨行业的合作,促进钢渣的资源化利用。     

The addition of FeOOH binds phosphate in organic matter-rich sediments

Due to climate change and anthropogenic nutrients’ runoff into freshwater or shallow lakes, eutrophication caused by phosphorus (P) can be seen in the frequent occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms and excessive growth of macrophytes. Subsequently, decomposition of cyanobacterial bloom biomass (CBB) and macrophytes leads to massive autochthonous organic matter (OM) and creates hypoxia in bodies of water. In this study, we investigated the effects of OM and iron on phosphorus release from lake sediments under anaerobic conditions. As with CBB, the addition of cellulose also enhanced P release from sediments during microcosm experiments, while total phosphorus (TP) concentration in the overlying water displayed an inverse relationship to cellulose amendment, with high TP concentration (0.41?±?0.07?mg?L^?1) observed in the treatment of less cellulose amendment (1?g of cellulose). In addition, P release from OM-rich sediments was effectively inhibited when amorphous FeOOH was added to the microcosms. P release was inhibited by 66–92% when the weight ratio between total Fe and total P in sediments varied from 18 to 60. Thus, iron treatment was useful to inhibit P release from OM-rich sediments, and could alleviate eutrophication problems.     

二(2-乙基己基)磷酸(D2EHPA)萃取Fe3+的萃合物结构

以分离制革污泥淋滤液中Fe3+和Cr3+为背景,研究了二(2-乙基己基)磷酸(D2EHPA)分别从氯化物和硫酸盐介质中萃取Fe3+的效率,并应用配位化学理论结合MINTEQ程序,推测了可能的萃合物结构,讨论了D2EHPA浓度、溶液pH、溶液中阴离子对萃合物结构的影响.结果表明,在低Cl-浓度介质中,萃合物结构为FeA3...     

纳米Fe~0协同微生物对PCB77的降解研究

研究了纳米零价铁协同微生物降解水溶液中的PCB77。从污染土样中分离出一株多氯联苯（PCBs）降解菌,对其进行革兰氏染色形态观察,并用降解菌降解PCB77。结果表明：培养温度30℃、溶液pH 7.0、微生物接种量109 cfu·mL-1、PCB77初始质量浓度1.0 mg·L-1时,降解菌对PCB77的降解率为58.63%。纳米零价铁对PCB77的降解是一个还原脱氯过程,7 d时的降解率为82.99%。采用纳米零价铁/微生物联合体系降解水溶液中PCB77,降解率显著高于微生物和纳米零价铁单一体系,降解率可达93.30%。研究结果将为环境中PCBs残留提供了一种高效去除的方法,并为PCBs污染土壤的修复提供理论依据。