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601.
MINGHUA ZHANG SHU GENG SUSAN L. USTIN KENNETH K. TANJI 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1997,45(2):101-127
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and statistical methodswere used to identify the major factors affecting pesticideleaching in groundwater from agricultural fields in TulareCounty, California. Residues of bromacil, diuron, and simazineincreased in groundwater during the 1980s. Bromacil, diuron,and simazine contamination were positively correlated to cropdiversity and water demand. Diuron and simazine were positively correlated to groundwater depth and negatively correlatedto soil water-holding capacity. DBCP concentration in groundwater was related to the crop coverage. The Goss model wasused to examine soil-pesticide interactions and a PesticideContamination Index (PCI) was developed. Areas having highleaching potentials were mainly associated with citrus andorchards and coarse-textured sandy soils along the SierraNevada foothills, while areas having low leaching potentialswere associated with field crops and clay soils of the southwest region. The PCI was largest for DBCP during the 1980s,suggesting that it was the most significant contaminant before1977 when it was widely used; however, wells were not testedfor this pesticide during that period. Twelve years after DBCPwas banned, it was still the most significant health riskcontaminant. Spatial maps showing the distribution of leachingpotentials and soil interactions for these pesticides canprovide useful information to regulatory and planning agenciesfor land use planning and pesticide management. 相似文献
602.
浅论环境统计中数据的审核方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
提高环境统计数据的质量,做好统计工作的关键是加强数据审核,严把质量关。数据审核方法有许多种,文章从环境统计工作的重要性从发,将环境统计工作中常用且行之有效的数据审核方法进行总结,有借鉴意义。 相似文献
603.
河口水中矿物油分析的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
紫外分光光度法在河口水中矿物油测定中,存在着标准油品的选择、水样萃取的乳化处理及河口水样测定方法选择等问题。提出了解决存在问题的可行方法,进一步完善测定方法。 相似文献
604.
Peter J. Dillon Lewis A. Molot Martyn Futter 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1997,46(1-2):105-111
Although SO2 emissions and deposition rates havedeclined substantially since the implementation of sulphuremission control programmes in North America [1], recovery(measured as decreases in
concentrations) of affected lakes in central Ontario has been much less substantial thananticipated based on the decrease in deposition. The slowrecovery is attributed to the reoxidation and release of storedsulphur in catchments. Reduced sulphur retained in previousyears when sulphur deposition was higher is exposed to air andoxidized during severe droughts, then exported duringsubsequent wet periods. Elevated stream
concentrations and export rates occur in the autumns of yearswith prolonged severe droughts, particularly in catchments withextensive wetlands. Drought in our study catchments occurred inyears following strong El Niño events. When the SouthernOscillation Index (SOI) was strongly negative (1976–77, 1982–83,1986–87, 1991–92, 1993–94) the frequency of occurrence ofdrought the following summer in small catchments with shallowoverburden was extremely high. A lakes rate of recovery fromacidification depends upon the amount of excess reduced Sthat has been stored in anoxic zones in the catchment (largely afunction of the extent of wetlands) during years of elevated Sdeposition rates, and the frequency and severity of droughts. Iflong-term changes in global or regional climate alter thefrequency or magnitude of El Niño-related droughts, therecovery of acidified lakes will be affected. 相似文献
605.
606.
一种监控煤矿轴流风机喘振的方法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分析了轴流风机喘振的产生、特性及其造成的危害;研究了轴流风机喘振监控的工作原理,即以压力传感器和控制电路为核心元件组成喘振监测装置,通过数字显示、声光报警及断电等形式监控轴流风机的运行状态;论述了喘振监测装置、喘振保护值的设置、安装及喘振监测装置的性能试验方法;介绍了轴流风机喘振时的现象及应急措施,为监控轴流风机的安全可靠的运行提供了可借鉴的经验。 相似文献
607.
608.
A Disturbance Index for Karst Environments 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
Karst environments, unique from other environments, require their own disturbance index. Karst resources are increasingly disturbed by a variety of processes related to social, physical, and economic factors. Recent studies have begun to qualify and quantify these disturbances, yet their focus has been limited to one or two factors such as biotic, geomorphic, or economic impacts. A more holistic approach, addressing economic, scientific, and cultural factors, is needed, to effectively assess the threats to karst areas. Currently, there is no efficient method to measure, compare, and contrast the disturbance of karst environments. We propose a hierarchal and standardized environmental disturbance index as a tool to measure regional impacts and highlight the areas of the karst system that require more protection or study. Addressed categories of disturbance include cultural, biotic, atmospheric, hydrological, and geomorphologic impacts. 相似文献
609.
高层建筑火灾风险的概率模糊综合评价方法 总被引:26,自引:7,他引:26
火灾风险评价是减小和控制高层建筑火灾的基本手段。目前 ,高层建筑火灾风险的评价方法很多 ,但是很少有将概率方法与模糊评价方法相结合进行火灾风险评价的。笔者基于对高层建筑火灾风险因素的综合分析 ,建立了高层建筑火灾风险的概率模糊综合评价模型 ,并以具体的工程实例 ,论述了该数学模型在高层建筑火灾风险评价中的应用 ,目的在于为高层建筑火灾风险评价方法的研究提供一种新的尝试 ,为采取合理的火灾防治技术措施在理论上、方法上提供有益的指导。 相似文献
610.
秦皇岛旅游生态环境功能分区及评价指标体系 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
穆平 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2002,12(1):33-37
本文根据秦皇岛旅游生态环境的特点,对秦皇岛旅游生态环境进行了功能分区,并提出了实现秦皇岛旅游可持续发展的旅游生态环境评价指标体系。 相似文献