污水土地处理模拟试验比较分析

通过温室条件下，冬小麦３种不同种植密度下（Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ３组分别为０．０２０８、０．１０４２、０．１４１５株／ｃｍ＾２），氮污染物运移转化吸收模拟试验，分析不同污水土地处理强度下植物生长、根系生长与分布、根系对氮污染物吸收规律以及根系部分吸收与土壤中氮去除过程，探讨最佳的污水土地处理条件和强度。试验结果是，Ａ组单株吸氮量最大达４９．９０ｍｇ／株；Ｂ组种植密度下，土壤中氮累计减少量与随灌水累计加入量相等     

抚顺市大气环境质量状况分析和建议

为改善抚顺市大气环境质量，市政府已相继出台了多项措施，以实现尽早达到国家标准的目标。针对二氧化硫(SO2)、颗粒物、氮氧化物(NOx)等主要污染物污染状况，在分析的基础上提出了产生光化学烟雾是个值得注意的问题。     

人工富集微生物技术对太湖梅梁湾水源地氮磷的去除研究

采用2种载体(PM和ACP)进行人工富集微生物的方法,来去除太湖梅梁湾水源地水中的氮磷污染物。通过研究不同的载体密度和水力停留时间对去除效率的影响,中试结果表明:当载体密度为13.1%,停留时间为7d,源水中ρ(TN)为2.95～6.41mg·L-1,ρ(NH4 -N)为0.49～3.31mg·L-1,ρ(NO2--N)为0.07～0.51mg·L-1,ρ(TP)为0.084￣0.25mg·L-1,ρ(PO4--P)为0.005～0.059mg·L-1的条件下,人工富集微生物技术对TN,NH4 -N,NO2--N,TP,PO4--P的平均去除率最高分别达到22.68%,57.08%,88.83%,45.36%,29.58%,可见利用人工富集微生物技术能有效去除水源地中的氮磷营养盐,对富营养化水源地水体的水质有明显的改善作用。     

装煤和拦焦“二合一”除尘技术在炼焦生产中的应用

介绍了装煤和拦焦“二合一”除尘技术在焦炉生产中的应用实例。该工艺装置运行结果表明 ,装煤车对烟尘的收集率在 98%以上 ,拦焦车对烟尘的收集率在 95 %以上 ,除尘效果明显 ,可广泛应用于焦炉生产中     

小流域N、P污染负荷的构成比重研究

对浙江省宁海县颜公河流域N、P污染物负荷的构成比重进行了研究，提出了农业非点源污染造成水体污染的严重性。采用美国农业部的AnnAGNPS模型模拟计算流域中农业面源污染的N、P负荷，并对模型模拟计算的可靠性进行了验证。     

石灰在石煤钙化焙烧中固硫作用的研究

本研究对石煤清洁焙烧工艺 (钙化焙烧 )进行了研究 ,发现钙化焙烧除可完全避免钠化焙烧过程中Cl2 、HCl等有害气体的产生外 ,石灰在焙烧过程中有很好的固硫效果。实验结果表明 ,当焙烧温度不高于 10 0 0℃ ,石灰加入量为理论量的 1.4倍以上时 ,保证适当的焙烧时间与空气量 ,石灰的固硫率可达 99%。     

上海郊区稻田氮素流失研究

通过测坑和大田小区试验，研究了上海郊区稻田氮素排水流失和渗漏流失的特征、相关因素和流失负荷。结果表明，稻田综合排水TN为6.55mg／L，流失负荷为16．68kg／hm^2，以铵态氮为主，稻田氮素的排水流失负荷为16．68kg／hm^2。稻田渗漏水氮浓度与前茬作物有关，草莓和蔬菜高，麦茬低，TN为5．73mg／L，渗漏负荷为22．92kg／hm^2，其中硝态氮占50％左右。稻田氮素总流失负荷占稻季化肥用量的13．23％。测坑和大田试验都证明，施用有机肥可较多地减少稻田氮素流失量。     

Developing a CFD heat transfer model for applying high expansion foam in an LNG spill

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is widely used to cost-effectively store and transport natural gas. However, a spill of LNG can create a vapor cloud, which can potentially cause fire and explosion. High expansion (HEX) foam is recommended by the NFPA 11 to mitigate the vapor hazard and control LNG pool fire. In this study, the parameters that affect HEX foam performance were examined using lab-scale testing of foam temperature profile and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling of heat transfer in vapor channels. A heat transfer model using ANSYS Fluent® was developed to estimate the minimum HEX foam height that allows the vapors from LNG spillage to disperse rapidly. We also performed a sensitivity analysis on the effect of the vaporization rate, the diameter of the vapor channel, and the heat transfer coefficient on the required minimum height of the HEX foam. It can be observed that at least 1.2 m of HEX foam in height are needed to achieve risk mitigation in a typical situation. The simulation results can be used not only for understanding the heat transfer mechanisms when applying HEX foam but also for suggesting to the LNG facility operator how much HEX foam they need for effective risk mitigation under different conditions.     

自动增氧型垂直下行流生活污水处理器运行研究

设计一种自动增氧型垂直下行流生活污水处理器,采用间歇运行的启动方式,对比研究1号系统(完全空白系统)、2号系统(垂直下行流生活污水处理器系统)和3号系统(自动增氧型垂直下行流生活污水处理器系统)对SS、COD、TP、TN的去除效果。结果表明,经过45d的启动时间后,3号系统对SS、COD、TN、TP的4d去除率分别达到91.8%、82.4%、93.4%和91.6%,去除效果优于2号系统;3号系统在较短停留时间内就可以获得理想的去除效果。     

Effects of tourmaline on nitrogen removal performance and biofilm structures in the sequencing batch biofilm reactor

The effects of tourmaline on nitrogen removal performance and biofilm structures were comparatively investigated in two identical laboratory-scale sequencing batch biofilm reactors(SBBRs)(denoted SBBR1 and SBBR2) at different nitrogen loading rates(NLRs) varying from(0.24 ± 0.01) to(1.26 ± 0.02) g N/(L·day). SBBR1 was operated in parallel with SBBR2, but SBBR1 was filled with polyurethane foam loaded tourmaline(TPU) carriers and another(SBBR2) filled with polyurethane foam(PU) carriers. Results obtained from this study showed that the excellent and stable performance of SBBR1 was obtained. Ammonia nitrogen removal and total nitrogen removal were higher in SBBR1 than that in SBBR2 with increase of NLR. At an NLR of(0.24 ± 0.01) g N/(L·day), the majority of the spherical and elliptical bacteria were surrounded by the extracellular polymeric substance(EPS) and bacillus or filamentous bacteria in two SBBRs biofilms. When NLR increased to(1.26 ± 0.02) g N/(L·day), the clusters were more obvious in the SBBR1 biofilm than that in the SBBR2 biofilm. Bacteria in SBBR1 were inclined to synthesis more EPS, and the formed EPS could protect the bacteria from free ammonia(FA) under extreme condition NLR(1.26 ± 0.02) g N/(L·day). The results of polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis showed that the microbial community similarity in SBBR2 decreased more obviously than that in SBBR1 with the increase of NLR, which the microbial community in SBBR1 was relatively stable.