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291.
Filomena Sannino Antonello Marocco Edoardo Garrone Serena Esposito 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(11):777-787
In this work, we studied the removal of simazine from both a model and well water by adsorption on two different adsorbents: zeolite H-Y and a porous silica made in the laboratory by using the sol–gel technique. The pH dependence of the adsorption process and the isotherms and pseudo-isotherms of adsorption were studied. Moreover, an iterative process of simazine removal from both the model and well water, which allowed us to bring the residual simazine concentration below the maximum concentration (0.05 mg L?1) of agrochemicals in wastewater to be released in surface waters or in sink allowed by Italian laws, was proposed. The results obtained were very interesting and the conclusions drawn from them partly differed from what could reasonably be expected. 相似文献
292.
电解法处理含镍废水及纯镍的回收 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
雷英春 《城市环境与城市生态》2009,(3)
采用电解回收法处理Ni2+含量为2g/L的废水,在阴极回收纯镍。研究了电解电流、极距、NH4Cl浓度、pH值等因素对Ni2+去除率、槽压、阴极能耗的影响,得出最优工艺参数为:温度20℃,电解时间20min时、电解电流300mA,极距15mm,NH4Cl浓度5g/L,pH值8.0,该条件下Ni2+去除率为96.926%,槽压16.21V,阴极能耗22.418kW.h/kg,在阴极可得到沉积6.45μm厚的镍板。 相似文献
293.
D. L. DeAngelis P. J. Mulholland J. W. Elwood A. V. Palumbo A. D. Steinman 《Environmental management》1990,14(5):685-697
In systems where production is limited by the availability of a nutrient, nutrient input to and recycling within the system
is related to the resilience, or speed of recovery, of a system to its steady state following a disturbance. In particular,
it is shown that the return timeT
s
of the system to steady state, or the inverse of the resilience, is approximately equal to the mean turnover time of the
limiting nutrient in the system. From this relationship, it is possible to understand and predict how various properties of
food webs and their environments affect resilience. These properties include nutrient input rate, loss rate, size of the detritus
compartment, and trophic structure. The effects of these properties on resilience are described by using simple mathematical
models.
To test model predictions, experimental studies of the response of periphyton-dominated stream ecosystems to disturbance are
being conducted on a set of laboratory streams in which nutrient inputs and grazing intensity are regulated at different levels.
In streams without snail grazers (low-grazed streams), 90% recirculation of stream water to reduce nutrient inputs resulted
in longer turnover times (T
r
) of phosphorus within the stream compared with once-through flow. However, in streams with snail grazers (high-grazed streams),
there were no differences in phosphorus turnover time between once-through and partially recirculated treatments. Results
on the rate of recovery of periphyton from a flood/scour disturbance to each stream partially support the model prediction
of a positive relationship between ecosystem return time (T
s
) and nutrient turnover time (T
r
) within the streams. 相似文献
294.
W. Michael. Aust Russ Lea James D. Gregory 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1991,27(1):111-116
ABSTRACT: A palustrine water tupelo (Nyssa aquatica L.)-baldcy-press (Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich.) swamp in southwestern Alabama was subjected to three types of disturbance, including helicopter logging, rubber-tired skidder logging simulation, and helicopter logging followed by an herbicide application. An adjacent undisturbed stand served as a control area. Post-harvest collection of sedimentation data revealed that the herbaceous and woody vegetation regrowth within the helicopter and skidded clearcut areas trapped more sediments than did the control or herbicide treatment areas. Clearcutting, followed by plant regrowth, improved the wet-land's capacity to remove sediments from overbank flow flood waters. 相似文献
295.
铁屑还原-鼓风氧化-石灰凝沉法脱除硫酸生产废水中的砷 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
比较了硫酸生产废水的几种除砷方法,认为铁屑还原-鼓风氧化-石灰凝沉工艺是可行的,此法具有处理量大、处理效果好、运行费用低等优点。 相似文献
296.
Large-scale constructed wetlands for nutrient removal from stormwater runoff: An everglades restoration project 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
Mariano Guardo Larry Fink Thomas D. Fontaine Susan Newman Michael Chimney Ronald Bearzotti Gary Goforth 《Environmental management》1995,19(6):879-889
The South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD) constructed a wetland south of Lake Okeechobee to begin the process of
removing nutrients (especially phosphorus) from agricultural stormwater runoff entering the Everglades. The project, called
the Everglades Nutrient Removal (ENR) project, is a prototype for larger, similarly constructed wetlands that the SFWMD will
build as part of the Everglades restoration program. This innovative project is believed to be one of the largest agricultural
stormwater cleanup projects in the United States, if not in the world. This publication describes the ENR project's design,
construction, and proposed operation, as well as the proposed research program to be implemented over the next few years. 相似文献
297.
Enrique J. La Motta 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1995,31(2):207-216
ABSTRACT: This paper presents a discussion of the chemistry of CO2 removal in tray aerators, and different sets of equations that are applicable to several initial water chemical conditions are proposed. These chemical equations and a statistical model to predict the kinetic constant were tested with field data observed by other researchers in pilot units and in a full scale plant. The water temperature in their experiments was around 15°C. 相似文献
298.
Jessica Sargent‐Michaud Kevin J. Boyle Andrew E. Smith 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2006,42(5):1237-1245
ABSTRACT: This study was undertaken to investigate the cost effectiveness of selected arsenic avoidance methods. Annual costs of reverse osmosis (RO), activated alumina (AA), bottled water, and rented and purchased water coolers for various household sizes in Maine were compared. Relative ranking of systems shows that RO ($411 annually) is the most cost effective, followed by AA ($518) and one‐gallon jugs of water ($321 to $1,285), respectively, for households larger than one person. One‐gallon jugs ($321) followed by 2.5‐gallon jugs ($358) of water were found to be the most cost effective for households of one person or for households with arsenic III concentrations of 0.02 to 0.06 mg/L and arsenic V concentrations of 0.08 to 1.0 mg/L. Point‐of‐entry systems and water coolers were not found to be cost effective under any of the study's conditions. The research reported here will help states make more definitive treatment recommendations to households regarding the cost effectiveness of alternative treatment systems to reduce arsenic concentrations below 0.01 mg/L. While arsenic removal technologies are improving, which enhances removal rates and reduces costs, the major insights from this analysis appear to be reinforced by technological improvements. 相似文献
299.
Satoru Fujita Kenzi Suzuki Yasuo Shibasaki Toshiaki Mori 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2002,4(1):70-76
Hydrogarnet was synthesized hydrothermally below 200°C using molten slag obtained from municipal solid waste. For comparison,
it was also synthesized using pure-phase CaO–Al2O3–SiO2–H2O, as reported previously. The structural and textural properties of this material were investigated using various analytical
and spectroscopic techniques such as X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS),
thermogravimetry/differential thermal analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy.
The Cl− fixation ability of hydrogarnet was investigated in the temperature range 500–800°C in a fixed-bed flow reactor using a HCl
concentration (1000 p.p.m.v.) similar to that of incinerator exhaust gas. Under these experimental conditions, the hydrogarnet
was capable of reducing the HCl gas level to less than 1 p.p.m.v. Analysis of the spent catalyst revealed that the hydrogarnet
was being transformed into wadalite and CaCl2 at high temperatures. The elution test for chromium ions in hydrogarnet obtained from slag was also used, and it was found
that chromium ions were not eluted from hydrogarnet.
Received: January 27, 2001 / Accepted: October 11, 2001 相似文献
300.