多能硫杆菌1,5-二磷酸核酮糖羧化酶/加氧酶的酶学特征及基因检测

从固体平板的生长情况及RubisCO酶活性测定结果，表明多能硫杆菌是通过卡尔文循环固定的CO2，并具有该循环的关键酶──1，5－二磷酸核酮糖羧化酶／加氧酶．进一步将多能硫杆菌染色体DNA用各种限制性内切酸酶切，Southern转移到硝酸纤维素滤膜上，与光合细菌Rhodobactersphaeroides的RubisCO基因（rbcL－rbcS）探针杂交，显示出杂交带型，说明多能硫杆菌具有R．sphaeroides同源的羧化酶基因，并初步将该基因定位在3．0kb的PstⅠ片段内．     

拟面积多波长数据线性双组合解析萘,1—萘酚和2—萘酚同步荧光光谱的研究

本文研究了Δλ（λｅｍ－λｅｘ）为１３０ｎｍ和ＰＨ１２．０条件下，萘、１－萘粉和２－萘酚混合物的同步荧光光谱，获三者同步荧光峰信息，且萘被完全分辨，另外，提出用拟面积多波长线性双组合计算解析重叠的１－萘酚和２－萘酚同步荧光光谱，解析结果的精密度、组份间浓度比范围均较多波长线性回归、双峰增配平和一阶导数解析混合物同步荧光光谱结果为优。     

二氧化硫与1—己烯的光化学反应动力学

利用ＧＣ／ＭＳ方法研究了ＳＯ２与１－己烯在无氧和有氧体系中光化学反应动力学，确定了ＳＯ２与１－己烯光化学反应的级数，给出了２９３－３３３Ｋ温度范围内总的反应速度常数Ｋ，以及Ｋ与温度的关系、反应的活化能和指前因子。另外，对反应物己醛和２－己酮的生成反应速度常数及其活化能也进行了计算和讨论。     

城市煤气化综合效益实例分析

本文以煤气化工程的典型实例分析为基础，通过对气源厂经济效益的分析，提出了以气化替煤量和节煤量两项指标，进行宏观经济效益、社会效益和环境效益的综合效益分析的步骤及相应的计算公式与方法。     

草坪绿地对土壤温度的调节作用

在冬半年,对南宁市郊草坪绿地和空旷裸地土壤温度的对比观测表明,０、５、１０、１５、２０ｃｍ土层中的温度日较差、草坪绿地依次为９．６、２．７、１．６、ｌ．０、０．６℃,相应比空旷裸地(１２．８、５．７、３．２、１．９、１．３℃)分别低３．２、３．０、１．６、０．９、０．７℃,并随土层深度的增加,日较差逐渐减少。研究结果显示草坪绿地缓热降温、降低土温日较差的效果比空旷裸地更为显著。     

Simulated and experimental evaluation of factors affecting the rate and extent of reductive dehalogenation of chloroethenes with glucose

Carbohydrates such as molasses are being added to aquifers to serve as electron donors for reductive dehalogenation of chloroethenes. Glucose, as a model carbohydrate, was studied to better understand the processes involved and to evaluate the effectiveness for dehalogenation of different approaches for carbohydrate addition. A simulation model was developed and calibrated with experimental data for the reductive dehalogenation of tetrachloroethene to ethene via cis-1,2-dichloroethene. The model included fermentors that convert the primary donor (glucose) into butyrate, acetate and hydrogen, methanogens, and two separate dehalogenator groups. The dehalogenation groups use the hydrogen intermediate as an electron donor and the different haloethenes as electron acceptors through competitive inhibition. Model simulations suggest first that the initial relative population size of dehalogenators and H(2)-utilizing methanogens greatly affects the degree of dehalogenation achieved. Second, the growth and decay of biomass from soluble carbohydrate plays a significant role in reductive dehalogenation. Finally, the carbohydrate delivery strategies used (periodic versus batch addition and the time interval between periodic addition) greatly affect the degree of dehalogenation that can be obtained with a given amount of added carbohydrate.     

Environmental occurrence of Q1, a C9H3C17N2 compound,that has been identified as a natural bioaccumulative organochlorine

Environmental appearance of Q1, a natural heptachloro compound with the molecular formula C₉H₃Cl₇N₂, was studied in samples from different sites all over the world. Q1 was expected to have a bipyrrole backbone, similar to other compounds ascribed to natural sources. A method for isolation of Q1 was developed by combination of adsorption chromatography on silica and normal phase HPLC with an amino phase. UV-detection of Q1 supports the aromatic character of the compound.

The high levels detected in samples of marine mammals and birds suggested that Q1 is both a persistent and a bioaccumulative contaminant. This was underscored by calculated log K_OW in the range of other lipophilic organohalogens. In accordance with earlier studies, highest Q1 concentrations were found in the Southern Hemisphere, but with a highly selective GC/ECNI-MS-SIM method, detection of Q1 was also achieved in many samples from the Northern Hemisphere. In addition to marine mammals and birds, Q1 was also detected in fish from the Mediterranean Sea and the Antarctic. Traces were also detected in SRM 1588 certified cod liver oil, but Q1 was not detected in fish from Hong Kong and Lake Baikal.     

粤北岩溶区的石漠化及其治理对策探讨

粤北岩溶石山地区分布有面积广泛的碳酸盐岩发育多种岩溶地貌。由于该地区的特殊地质、水文、气候等自然因子的影响，其岩溶生态环境脆弱，环境容量低，敏感度高，抗干扰能力弱。在不合理的人类活动和自然因素作用下，易引发出一系列的生态问题。岩溶生态环境开始恶化，植被走向逆向演替等，最后出现大面积的石山，发生石演化观象。     

垃圾填埋场渗滤液处理工艺研究进展

介绍了垃圾渗滤液的来源和特点，结合近些年的工程实际和实验研究，主要综述了垃圾渗滤液的处理方案和技术，包括回灌法、土地处理法、物化法、生物法以及其他处理方法，在比较这些方法的基础上提出了一些建议。     

Baseline study of methane emission from open digesting tanks of palm oil mill effluent treatment

Anthropogenic release of greenhouse gases, especially CO₂ and CH₄ has been recognized as one of the main causes of global warming. Several measures under the Kyoto Protocol 1997 have been drawn up to reduce the greenhouse gases emission. One of the measures is Clean Development Mechanisms (CDM) that was created to enable developed countries to cooperate with developing countries in emission reduction activities. In Malaysia, palm oil industry particularly from palm oil mill effluent (POME) anaerobic treatment has been identified as an important source of CH₄. However, there is no study to quantify the actual CH₄ emission from the commercial scale wastewater treatment facility. Hence, this paper shall address the CH₄ emission from the open digesting tanks in Felda Serting Hilir Palm Oil Mill. CH₄ emission pattern was recorded for 52 weeks from 3600 m³ open digesting tanks. The findings indicated that the CH₄ content was between 13.5% and 49.0% which was lower than the value of 65% reported earlier. The biogas flow rate ranged between 0.8 l min⁻¹ m⁻² and 9.8 l min⁻¹ m⁻². Total CH₄ emission per open digesting tank was 518.9 kg day⁻¹. Relationships between CH₄ emission and total carbon removal and POME discharged were also discussed. Fluctuation of biogas production was observed throughout the studies as a result of seasonal oil palm cropping, mill activities, variation of POME quality and quantity discharged from the mill. Thus only through long-term field measurement CH₄ emission can be accurately estimated.