利用土地人口容力开放模型对沪苏锡常城市群的分析

本文提出了土地人口容力,即单位面积土地的人口容量的概念,建立了描述和测算开放区域人口容力的模型,确立了模型对多种人口容力定义,揭示了不同人口容力模型的内在联系性,并将它用于沪苏锡常城市群的土地人口容力测算和分析。     

洁净技术在广播发射台的应用

提出了我国目前广播、电视发射机房存在的一‘些问题,介绍了用亚高效过滤器处理广播、电视发射机房的空气净化问题,以及对发射机散热的处理方法。     

排尘风机的选择与改进

论述了选择高浓度尘气排尘风机时必须考虑的一些主要因素,提出了在高浓度尘气情况下对现役风机进行改进的办法     

1,2—丙二胺—亚硝酸盐体系中铬的催化极谱测定

本文报道在0.1M亚硝酸钠,1.5×10~(-3)M的1,2-丙二胺,pH9.0—9.5底液中铬在—1.76伏处(对饱和甘汞电极)产生-催化波,测定范围在0.1ng/ml内,铬的浓度与导数波高成良好线性关系,测定下限为8×10~(-10)M(相当于0.04ng/ml)。经实验证明,在1,2-丙二胺-亚硝酸盐或硝酸盐两体系中,铬都在—1.76伏处产生催化波,因此,可认为铬的催化机理可能与文献[3]报道的在CyDTA-NO_3体系中三价铬产生催化波的机理相似即: Cr~(6 ) 3e—→Cr~(3 ); Cr~(3 ) y—→Cr~(3 )—y; Cr~(2 )—y e—→C~(2 )—y; Cr~(2 )—y NO_3~—→Cr~(3 )—y No_2~-其中:y代表1,2-丙二胺。将自来水进行简单的前处理后,可以直接应用本法测定水中六价、三价铬的含量以及水中的总铬量。     

GM（1,1）模型简化算法及其在噪声影响预测中的应用

对ＧＭ（１，１）模型经差分形式化及令定写成直线方程形式。据最小二乘法原理，原方程的参数辨识可借助线性回归方法来实现。从而使ＧＭ（１，１）模型的应用更显普及和实用化。     

2-(2''''-喹啉偶氮)-4,5-二甲氧基苯酚的合成及其光度法测定水中的钴

合成了新试剂2-(2'-喹啉偶氮)-4,5-二甲氧基苯酚,研究了其与钴(Ⅱ)的显色反应,在pH=5.5的HAc-NaAc缓冲介质中,在十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)存在下,2-(2'-喹啉偶氮)-4,5-二甲氧基苯酚与钴生成2∶1稳定的配合物,该配合物λmax=575 nm,摩尔吸光系数ε为2.443×104 L·mol-1·cm-1.钴含量在0～0.4 mg/L内符合比耳定律.新方法用于水样中微量钴的测定,结果满意.     

Modeling distribution changes of vegetation in China under future climate change

Climatic change will result in great changes in vegetation. In this paper, a biogeographical model, the BIOME1, was used to predict potential vegetation distribution in China under climate change. Firstly, the BIOME1 was validated according to the climate–vegetation relationships in China. Kappa statistics showed that the validated BIOME1 was able to capture the geographical patterns of vegetation more accurately. Then, the validated BIOME1 was used to predict the distribution of vegetation of China under two climatic scenarios produced by a Regional Circulation Model, RegCM2/CN. The simulation results showed obvious northward shifts of the boreal, temperate deciduous and evergreen and tropical forests, a large expansion of tropical dry forest/savanna and reduction of tundra on the Tibetan Plateau. Three vulnerable regions sensitive to climate changes are pointed out, i.e., Northern China, the Tibetan Plateau and Southwestern China (mainly Hengduan Mountains in Yunnan Province and west of Sichuan Province). In recent decades, China has experienced dramatic industrialization and population growth, which exert strong pressure on the environment of China. The consequences of climate changes warrant more attention for maintaining a sustainable environment for China.     

1-(2,6-二氯-4-硝基苯)-3-(4-硝基苯)-三氮烯光度法测定矿山废水中的锌

研究了用1-(2,6-二氯-4-硝基苯)-3-(4-硝基苯)-三氮烯(DCNPNPT)分光光度法快速直接测定锌的方法。在表面活性剂TritonX-15的存在下,pH=9.5～10.5的Na2B4O7-NaOH介质中,DCNPNPT与锌( )可生成1∶3的橙黄色络合物。最大吸收波长为445nm,同时在535nm配合物有一最大负吸收,建立以535nm为参比波长,445nm为测定波长的双峰双波长法进行测定,表观摩尔吸光系数可达1.12×105L/(mol·cm)。用拟定的方法测定矿山废水中的锌,与原子吸收法测定的结果十分吻合,结果令人满意。     

孔雀河中下游生态环境治理探讨

孔雀河作为塔里木河流域的一条重要河流，被誉为巴音郭楞州人民的“母亲河”。近年来，由于博斯腾湖水位下降，孔雀河上游无序截水灌溉，导致其中下游极度干旱，巳严重威胁到绿色走廊的畅通以及下游农牧区的生产、生活和可持续发展。本文通过对孔雀河中下游环境现状的分析，从其治理的必要性、重要意义、基本原则、对策、建议等方面进行了探讨。     

A process-based model on methane emission with its oxidation process from rice fields and corresponding control indices

In this paper, a mathematical model is developed for net methane emission from rice fields by coupling methane production model with methane oxidation model. Several dynamical regimes were formed through qualitative analysis of the model, and corresponding dynamic features were interpreted through emission indices. Sensitivity of the model is discussed under the effects of temperature and oxygen concentration in methanogenic and methane oxidation phases, respectively, and interpreted by defining an index; in addition, control parameters are identified and their threshold limits defined. The out-busting emission tendency of methane is considered separately and a forcing strategy was defined to force emission level towards zero in the long term. Lastly, a complete control strategy is proposed for reducing methane emission.