HPLC法测定废水中苯胺类化合物

用乙醚为提取有机相，提取前先经碱化，提取后加酸使苯胺成盐，吹去乙醚，用ＨＰＬＣ法测定苯胺类化合物。方法适用于测定废水中苯胺类化合物。检出限：苯胺３．０ｎｇ，邻硝基苯胺０．５ｎｇ，对硝基苯胺１．０ｎｇ。线性范围：苯胺０．８１７－１３．０７２μｇ／ｍｌ，邻硝基苯胺０．１４６４－２．３４２４μｇ／ｍｌ，对硝基苯胺０．２５３－４．０４８μｇ／ｍｌ。精密度（ＣＶ）：苯胺２．３８％，邻硝基苯胺１．０９％，对硝     

土壤中铅的平台石墨炉原子吸收法测定

采用悬浮液进样,以平台石墨炉原子吸收法直接测定土壤中的铅。通过180目筛孔的土壤样,可均匀、稳定地悬浮于0.2％(W/V)琼脂液中。方法的相对标准偏差为1.2％～5％;回收率为93％～110％;进样10μl ,检出限为21.4pg。与火焰原子吸收法对照,两者测定结果相吻合。     

水中有机污染物物理,化学处理技术的现状及发展趋势

在系统综述了水中有机污染物物化处理技术的研究与应用现状后，进行了分析与评价。认为对有机污染物具有“破坏性”的氧化法是水处理技术发展的方向，各种单一技术特别是“破坏性”技术和“非破坏性”技术之间的联用是水处理技术发展的又一趋势。     

城市污水一级半处理方法的研究

本文提出了用高负荷生物接触氧化法对城市污水进行一级半处理的方法。采用软性填料接触氧化池处理模拟城市污水的合成污水,在负荷为10—25kgCOD/m~3·d时,有机物去除率为60％—70％,处理程度介于一级与二级处理之间,相当于一级半处理。一级半处理方法可使有机物去除速度大大增加,同时获得含能量较大的生物污泥,为消化产气、能量回收创造条件。     

Relationships between Danish organic farming and landscape composition

This article presents an investigation of relationships between organic farming and landscape composition in Denmark. Landscape composition was analysed in terms of density of uncultivated landscape elements (I), number of land uses per hectare (II), diversity of land use (III) and mean field size (IV). Two analytical approaches were used. The first was based on an examination of the national agricultural registers for 1998, 2001 and 2004. The second approach used aerial photo interpretation for an analysis of 72 conventional and 40 organic farms within three sample areas for 1982, 1995 and 2002. The national analysis indicated that organic farming has a direct effect on landscape composition. In 2001, organic farms were characterised by a higher number of land uses per ha, a higher land use diversity and smaller mean field sizes. From 1998 to 2004, conversion to organic farming was related to an increasing number of land uses per ha, increasing land-use diversity and decreasing mean field sizes. Relationships between organic farming and landscape composition were independent of variations in regional location, farm size or farm size change. At the level of sample areas, a significant relationship between organic farming and landscape composition was only found for densities of small biotopes. However, when differences in farm size and physical geographical conditions between conventional and organic farms were taken into account, several significant differences in landscape composition were clarified in two of the three sample areas. Furthermore, changes in landscape composition following conversion to organic farming were largely biased by the characteristics of the sample areas. Thus, in contrast to the national level, the sample area study indicated that differences in landscape composition between organic and conventional farms were not a direct implication of organic farming practices, but were related to variations within other parameters and to the location of organically farmed land.     

石油污染土壤生物修复

概述了石油降解微生物的种群组成，介绍了几种主要的石油污染土壤的生物修复技术以及这一领域的研究现状，讨论了应用前景。     

土壤渗滤处理三格化粪池粪液的可行性论证

农村粪便污水的出路问题，是农村生态环境的保护的一个重要方面。当前我国南方农村已较普遍使用“三格化粪池”厕所，该文以滤坑式土壤渗滤进行就地处理，并对其可行性作了卫生学论证，结果表明，渗坑式土壤渗滤就地处理法，对粪水中的大肠菌群，氨氮及化学耗氧量等指标，均具有良好的净化效果，其处理对土壤浅层地下水污染的卫生防护，以１０ｍ为蹁可认为是安全的。     

高浓度有机废液热值的探讨

探讨了采用ＣＯＤ理论值计算废液热值存在的误差，通过理论值与实测值的比较，提出了基于实测值的废液燃烧热值的计算公式；对于已知元素成份的废液，建议采用门德列夫公式计算废液的燃烧热值。     

我国农业生态旅游可持续发展探讨

从生态旅游的角度阐述了我国农业生态旅游发展状况和特征，综合分析了影响我国农业生态旅游可持续发展的一系列问题，并针对这些问题提出了发展农业生态旅游的建议和措施。     

活性污泥法处理高浓度有机废水的运行管理实践

进水水质超标导致污泥负荷高、容易引起膨胀是传统活性污泥法遇到的实际问题。在此介绍了活性污泥法处理高浓度有机废水的实际应用,分析总结了工艺运行的管理经验。结果表明:在进水ρ(CODCr)>1000mg·L-1,ρ(CODCr)>500mg·L-1时,处理后出水水质ρ(CODCr)<100mg·L-1,ρ(CODCr)<30mg·L-1,均达到国家排放标准。