腐殖酸存在对改善GDX—102树脂吸附富集性能研究

选用ＧＤＸ－１０２树脂其对水中小分子有机物和腐殖酸共同存在时的吸附集集作用，发现当有ＨＡ存在时，树脂对小分子有机物的吸附率显著增加，且是可逆的，先后用ＣＨ２Ｃｌ２和ＮＨ３；乙醇进行分级洗脱，得到满意的洗脱回收率。     

关于有机肥的再认识

不同有机肥的作用是相异的。对土壤微量元素，老化的腐殖质有固定作用、新生的活性腐殖质有促进活性作用。不同用量也会产生截然不同的作用，不当施用有机肥不能培肥土壤。应与土壤肥力联系起来开展ＦＡ研究，从广义上理解“有机培肥”理论，从有机肥利用现状、燃料和饲料、土壤与自然环境以及与有机肥利用有关的其他内容等方面普查，以便科学施用有机肥。     

形稳阳极电解处理有机废水的机理研究

采用简便易行的方法对用形稳阳极电解处理有机废水的机理进行了研究，表明在电解过程中能够产生氧化能力极强的ＨＯ·自由基，可以氧化降解废水中的有机污染物，即有机污染物以间接氧化的方式降解，这是电解催化氧化技术的主要机理。由于上述原因，电解催化氧化技术也属于高级氧化技术的范畴。     

Rice mill waste as organic manure on a degraded Alfisol

In much of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the lack of organic soil amendments constitutes one of the principal causes for declining soil fertility in intensifying farming systems. The challenge, therefore, remains to increase the availability of organic inputs and to develop recommendations for their combination with inorganic fertilizers. An on-farm experiment was conducted in the northern Guinea savanna of Nigeria to evaluate the fertilizer effect of rice (Oryza sativa L.) mill waste (RMW) on a degraded Alfisol. The decomposition and nutrient (N and P) release patterns of RMW were studied using the litterbag technique, and the effect on maize yield and soil properties was determined. The RMW was applied at rates of 0, 5, 10, and 15 Mg DM ha⁻¹ and was applied either unburnt or burnt (farmers’ practice). In both years, compound fertilizer was broadcast during land preparation on all plots at rates of 40 kg N ha⁻¹, 17 kg P ha⁻¹, and 33 kg K ha⁻¹.Results obtained in the litterbag study showed that, at maize harvest, more than 90% of the P had been released from the decomposing RMW. However, around 60% of the organic C and 45% of the N still remained. Compared to the control treatment (0 Mg ha⁻¹ RMW), which yielded 0.55 Mg ha⁻¹, maize (Zea mays L.) grain yields were increased by 95% when 10 Mg ha⁻¹ of unburnt RMW was applied, and by 147% with 15 Mg ha⁻¹ (mean of 2 years). In contrast, burnt RMW did not result in significant yield increases. The cumulative application of 30 Mg ha⁻¹ of unburnt RMW significantly increased the soil organic carbon in the surface soil from 0.7% (0 Mg ha⁻¹ RMW) to 1.3%.The results of this investigation indicate that RMW constitutes a valuable organic input in the Guinea savanna if applied unburnt at rates of 10–15 Mg ha⁻¹ in combination with inorganic fertilizer. The repeated application of unburnt RMW may contribute to the rehabilitation of degraded soils through the buildup of soil organic matter.     

福州市农作物秸秆资源化处理发展趋势

论述了福州市农作物秸秆的现状及其资源化利用必要性、可行性和实用性。     

高效含氯有机化合物降解工程菌的构建研究

采用原生质体融合技术，将两株具有含氯有机化合物降解特性的菌－-1T和RB－1融合构建成一株高效降解含氯有机化合物工程菌。实验得出：当溶菌酶浓度为1.5mg/ml，酶解60min时，假单胞菌和诺卡氏菌的原生质体形成率分别为33.3%和44.4%；在30％PEG6000助融下10min二者的融合率为0.3%。应用于造纸漂白废水，融合菌去除CODCr和TCL的能力 比混合菌分别提高了72.05%和190%.     

非均相光催化氧化研究进展

光催化氧化技术是一种新兴的高效节能现代水处理技术,本文从半导体光催化氧化的机制,各类污染物光催化降解的现状,光催化剂活性的研究现状,固定相光催化氧的进展,光催化氧化技术发展中存在问题等方面进行综述     

监测和净化难分解性有机污染物质的植物基因工程技术

介绍了植物基因工程技术在监测和净化难分解性有机污染物质方面的研究进展。生物中存在着能降解难分解性有机污染物质的酶及其编码基因，具有识别和除去难分解性有机污染物质的免疫系统、受体和响应元件。这方面的研究工作多以哺乳动物为材料，植物的相关研究还处于起步阶段。创造环境监测和环境污染净化为目标的新型植物将成为转基因植物研究的极其重要的研究方向之一。     

Grazing as a measure against grass encroachment in Dutch dry dune grassland: effects on vegetation and soil

A grazing experiment was started in 1984 and 1989 respectively, in two parts of a dune grassland in the nature reserve ‘Zwanenwater’, North Holland; a third part with similar geology and topography was used as a control area and not grazed. An evaluation of the effects of grazing on vegetation patterns, species composition, vegetation structure and humus form was made with the help of vegetation maps from 1986 and 1992 as well as field surveys. Dense tall-grass communities dominated byAmmophila arenaria increased over the period 1986–1992 in the grazed areas, and especially in the non-grazed area (increase in area to 20 %, 22 % and 50 %, respectively). Open communities decreased in the grazed areas, but are still prevalent, while in the ungrazed area they virtually disappeared, with the result that the present percentage areas are 53 %, 38 % and 17 %. Field survey data were classified by TWINSPAN producing four vegetation types. These occur more or less equally in grazed and ungrazed areas, albeit with different percentage areas: (1) open vegetation dominated byCorynephorus canescens; (2) open vegetation characterized byKoeleria macrantha; (3) heathland dominated byEmpetrum nigrum; and (4) tall-grass communities dominated byAmmophila arenaria. Within a vegetation type, species composition was only marginally affected by grazing regime. Within the open communities the number of species, vegetation height, vegetation cover and soil organic horizons were not affected by grazing. In the tall-grass communities the number of species was significantly larger and the height of the vegetation significantly lower in the area grazed since 1984. In the heathland community the number of species and cover of the moss layer were significantly higher in the 1984 area and ectorganic and endorganic horizons significantly thicker in the ungrazed area. It is suggested that these effects are the result of an increased availability of light, but possibly also of a decreased stock of organic matter and nutrients, due to a decreased input of litter and accelerated rates of decomposition. Nomenclature: Van der Meijden et al. (1992) for phanerogams; Corley et al. (1981) for mosses; Grolle (1983) for hepatics.