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671.
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通过对徐州市2009年环境空气质量状况的调查,简要分析了徐州市区环境空气的污染状况、污染物时空分布情况及污染成因,并提出现阶段大气污染物的治理建议和发展方向. 相似文献
673.
LI Xiaolin ZHANG Yuanxun TAN Mingguang LIU Jiangfeng BAO Liangman ZHANG Guilin LI Yan IIDA Atsuo 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2009,21(8):1118-1124
The Pb-monitoring program was extended for 6 years from 2002 to 2007 at 17 representative urban sites (6 traffic, 5 industrial, and 6 residential sites), and 3 suburban sites to assess the lead pollution in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) after phasing out leaded gasoline in Shanghai. Compared with Pb levels reported in other places, the Pb pollution in Shanghai is still serious after phasing out leaded gasoline, which remains at high concentration range (213–176 ng/m3) in PM2.5 in winter. Significant spati... 相似文献
674.
Two biological aerated filters (BAF) were setup for ammonia removal treatment of the circulation water in a marine aquaculture. One
of the BAFs was bioaugmented with a heterotrophic nitrifying bacterium, Lutimonas sp. H10, where the ammonia removal was not
improved and the massive inoculation was even followed by a nitrification breakdown from day 9 to 18. The nitrification was remained
stable in control BAF operated under the same conditions. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with rRNA-targeted probes and
cultivable method revealed that Lutimonas sp. H10 almost disappeared from the bioaugomented BAF within 3 d, and this was mainly
due to the infection of a specific phage as revealed by flask experiment, plaque assay and transmission electron observation. Analyses
of 16S rRNA gene libraries showed that bacterial groups from two reactors evolved di erently and an overgrowth of protozoa was
observed in the bioaugmented BAF. Therefore, phage infection and poor biofilm forming ability of the inoculated strain are the main
reasons for bioaugmentation failure. In addition, grazing by protozoa of the bacteria might be the reason for the nitrification breakdown
in bioaugmented BAF during day 9–18. 相似文献
675.
Accumulation of copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) in six rice cultivars (94D-22, 94D-54, 94D-64, Gui630, YY-1 and KY1360) was evaluated through exposure to heavy metal contamination (100 mg/kg Cu, 1.0 mg/kg Cd, and 100 mg/kg Cu + 1.0 mg/kg Cd) in a greenhouse. The dry weight of shoot and root, concentrations of Cu and Cd in plant tissues and the Cu, Cd, P, Fe concentrations in the root surface iron plaques were analyzed eight weeks later after treatment. The results indicated that the plant biomass was mainly determined by rice genotypes, not Cu and Cd content in soil. Separated treatment with Cu/Cd increased each metal level in shoot, root and iron plaques. Soil Cu enhanced Cd accumulation in tissues. In contrast, Cu concentrations in shoot and root was unaffected by soil Cd. Compared to single metal contamination, combined treatment increased Cd content by 110.6%, 77.0% and 45.2% in shoot, and by 112.7%, 51.2% and 18.4% in root for Gui630, YY-1 and KY1360, respectively. The content level of Cu or Cd in root surface iron plaques was not affected by their soil content. Cu promoted Fe accumulation in iron plaques, while Cd has no effect on P and Fe accumulation in it. The translocation of Cu and Cd from iron plaques to root and shoot was also discussed. These results might be beneficial in selecting cultivars with low heavy metal accumulation and designing strategies for soil bioremediation. 相似文献
676.
Acute toxicity of excess Cu on the photosynthetic performance of Chlorella pyrenoidosa was examined by using chlorophyll a fluorescence transients and JIP-test after exposure to elevated Cu concentrations for a short time period. High Cu concentration resulted in a significant suppression in photosynthesis and respiration. The absorption flux (ABS/RC) per PSII reaction center increased with increasing Cu concentration, but the electron transport flux (ET0/RC) decreased. Excess Cu had an insignificant effect on the trapping flux (TR0/RC). The decline in the efficiency, with which a trapped exciton can move an electron into the electron transport chain further than QA−(Ψ0), the maximal quantum yield of primary photochemistry (?P0), and the quantum yield of electron transport (?E0) were also observed. The amount of active PSII reaction centers per excited cross section (RC/CS) was also in consistency with the change of photosynthesis when cells were exposed to excess Cu concentration. JIP-test parameters had a good linear relationship with photosynthetic O2 evolution. These results suggested that the decrease of photosynthesis in exposure to excess Cu may be a result of the inactivation of PSII reaction centers and the inhibition of electron transport in the acceptor side. 相似文献
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679.
大气CO2浓度升高对水稻生理生态效应的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目前大气中CO2浓度在逐步上升,以CO2为主的温室气体浓度增加而引起的温室效应对人类农业生产可能产生很大影响。本文介绍了大气CO2浓度升高对水稻一系列的生理生态效应的影响。未来高CO2浓度下,水稻的生育期会缩短;光合作用有所提高;干物质积累增加,产量显著提高;含N量降低,P吸收增加;促进了根系生长和土壤呼吸等。并对未来的研究作了进一步探讨。 相似文献
680.
笔者所负责天津开发区5号热源厂二期脱硫工程工艺选择时,经过技术经济比较,镁法比钙法年脱硫费用可节省256万元^[3],最终该项目选定氧化镁湿法工艺。其设计脱硫效率高达96.38%。经环保部门检测,在进口烟气SO2浓度2200mg/m^3情况下,该脱硫系统净化后烟气最大SO2折算浓度35.5mg/m^3,平均脱硫效率高达98.6%^[4]。 相似文献