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61.
CH3NH2(一甲胺)作为一种重要的工业原料而被大量使用,其嗅阈值低,具有刺鼻的鱼臭味,是一种典型的恶臭气体. 选取PS(过二硫酸盐)作为氧化剂,采用湿法吸收氧化去除CH3NH2. 在探讨CH3NH2的吸收性能的基础上,比较了4种方式〔Fe2+活化PS、CA(柠檬酸)螯合Fe2+活化PS、Fe0活化PS、CA联合Fe0活化PS〕对CH3NH2湿法氧化去除效果的影响. 结果表明:CH3NH2 气体在酸性条件下易溶于水;单独用Fe2+或Fe0活化PS处理CH3NH2时,Fe0活化后的去除效果明显优于Fe2+;然而,在联合使用螯合剂CA之后,Fe2+活化的去除效果反而优于Fe0. CA螯合Fe2+的CH3NH2去除率由单独Fe2+活化时的32%升至64%,Fe0活化与CA联合Fe0活化去除率均提升至40%. 究其原因,可能是由于不同活化方式下Fe2+释放速率不同所致,释放速率直接影响了Fe2+的存在时间,Fe2+活化PS速率对于氧化去除效果有影响,并最终影响CH3NH2的脱除. 相似文献
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DNA damage is an important step in carcinogenesis. The Ames assay is a short-term screening of carcinogens that induce DNA damage. Most carcinogens require enzymatic activation through oxidation by cytochrome P450 (CYP450) in the presence of S9 mix. A combination of iron (Fe)(III) porphyrin and an oxidant is also able to oxidize compounds as an alternative metabolic pathway to CYP450. Previously it was reported that a chemical model containing a water-soluble 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1-methylpyridinium4-yl)porphyrinatoiron(III) chloride (4-MPy) and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH) activated aromatic amines and amides. In this study, a chemical model composed of an Fe porphyrin, water-insoluble 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrinatoiron(III) chloride (F5P) or water-soluble 4-MPy was optimized with an oxidant – t-BuOOH, magnesium monoperoxyphthalate (MPPT), or iodosylbenzene (PhIO). Subsequently the mutagenicity of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and chrysene in Salmonella typhimurium TA strains was compared. B[a]P was activated by a combination of F5P or 4-MPy plus MPPT or PhIO in S. typhimurium TA1538. The B[a]P-induced mutagenicity with F5P plus oxidant was higher than 4-MPy plus oxidant. Mutagenicity of chrysene, a tetracyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, was not detected in the presence of F5P/PhIO in S. typhimurium TA98, but was activated in the presence of F5P/MPPT. The F5P/MPPT activated other polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in the S. typhimurium TA98 assay including dibenz[a,c]anthracene, dibenz[a,h]anthracene, 3-methylcholanthrene, and benzo[a]anthracene. The results indicated that the F5P/MPPT was the most efficient model for detecting PAH-induced mutagenicity in the Ames assay. 相似文献
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低温驯化是提高部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化(PN/A)组合工艺低温脱氮效能和运行稳定性的有效方法.为探究低温驯化对污泥特性的具体影响,本文从温度敏感性、颗粒外观形态、胞外聚合物(EPS)组成和微生物群落结构等方面,对中高温培养(30℃)和低温驯化(15℃)PN/A颗粒污泥之间的差异性进行了分析.反应热力学的研究结果表明,驯化污泥(GL)在低温区(10~20℃)的脱氮性能较中高温培养污泥(GH)有了显著提高,总无机氮去除的表观反应活化能(Ea)降低了28.4%.与GH相比,GL的平均粒径减小了25.8%,EPS含量增长了16.6%,颗粒的沉降性能明显下降.由高通量测序结果可知,GL具有更高的菌群多样性,同时,污泥中好氧氨氧化菌(Nitrosomonas)与厌氧氨氧化菌(Candidatus_Kuenenia)的丰度比值(0.04)远小于GH的0.34.这意味着颗粒污泥在低温环境中对慢速生长自养菌仍具有较强的截留能力.上述发现为解析PN/A污泥在低温条件下的自适应机制,推动组合工艺的工程化应用提供了重要参考. 相似文献
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Fuqiang Yang Chao WuZijun Li 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2011,24(2):131-137
Spontaneous combustion of sulfide concentrates can cause many serious problems during storage. In this study, two representative samples (sulfur-rich sulfide concentrate and iron-rich sulfide concentrate) were investigated for the self-heating behavior using the crossing-point temperature (CPT) method. The corresponding apparent activation energies were determined, 13.7366 kJ/mol for iron-rich sulfide concentrate and 21.3817 kJ/mol for sulfur-rich sulfide concentrate. Furthermore, the surface temperatures of sulfide concentrate stockpiles in different seasons were also measured by a thermal image apparatus. It was found the temperature for iron-rich sulfide concentrate stockpile was higher than that for rich-sulfur sulfide concentrate stockpile. These research results show iron-rich sulfide concentrate exhibits stronger propensity to spontaneous combustion than sulfur-rich sulfide concentrate. Particular attention should be paid to the fire hazard of iron-rich sulfide concentrate in daily safety check work. The combination of the CPT method with the infrared thermal image measurement provides a new approach for the risk assessment on the propensity of sulfide concentrates to spontaneous combustion during the production, storage and transportation. The useful data and experience achieved in this investigation can be also referenced in similar cases later. 相似文献
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Tong Li Xiange Du Jieqiong Deng Kai Qi Jiandong Zhang Lili Gao Xiuping Yue 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(10):188-200
Environment-friendly nano-catalysts capable of activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) have received increasing attention recently. Nevertheless, traditional nano-catalysts are generally well dispersed and difficult to be separated from reaction system, so it is particularly important to develop nano-catalysts with both good catalytic activity and excellent recycling efficiency. In this work, magnetically recoverable Fe3O4-modified ternary CoFeCu-layered double hydroxides (Fe3O4/CoFeCu-LDHs) was prepared by a simple co-precipitation method and initially applied to activate PMS for the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB). X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) were applied to characterize morphology, structure, specific surface area and magnetism. In addition, the effects of several key parameters were evaluated. The Fe3O4/CoFeCu-LDHs exhibited high catalytic activity, and RhB degradation efficiency could reach 100% within 20 min by adding 0.2 g/L of catalyst and 1 mmol/L of PMS into 50 mg/L of RhB solution under a wide pH condition (3.0-7.0). Notably, the Fe3O4/CoFeCu-LDHs showed good super-paramagnetism and excellent stability, which could be effectively and quickly recovered under magnetic condition, and the degradation efficiency after ten cycles could still maintain 98.95%. Both radicals quenching tests and electron spin resonance (ESR) identified both HO? and SO4?? were involved and SO4?? played a dominant role on the RhB degradation. Finally, the chemical states of the sample's surface elements were measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the possible activation mechanism in Fe3O4/CoFeCu-LDHs/PMS system was proposed according to comprehensive analysis. 相似文献
67.
Cr/γ-Al_2O_3对乙酸乙酯的催化燃烧 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
使用浸渍法制备不同负载量的Cr/γ-Al_2O_3催化剂,研究乙酸乙酯的催化燃烧.BET,XRD结果表明,Cr在γ-Al_2O_3上负载存在分散阈值效应,负载量在阈值以下时呈单层分散形式,在超过阈值时Cr形成结晶,实验测得单层分散阈值与理论计算一致.Raman结果表明Cr在单层分散时为Cr~(6+),而在非单层分散时为Cr_2O_3.催化乙酸乙酯燃烧的活性研究显示,阈值效应对催化活性有显著影响:催化活性在单层分散阈值时最好,此时活化能最高,指前因子最大. 相似文献
68.
Liping He Jianhao Tong Yuanqiang Yang Jianxun Wu Linqian Li Zhonghua Wei Wei Long Jingli Pang Jiyan Shi 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,34(3):242-250
Oxidation remediation is a commonly used technology for PAHs contaminated soil presently,but the overestimate of efficiency due to ongoing remediation by residual oxidants during extraction and testing has not been paid enough attention.In this study,persulfate was activated by Fe(Ⅱ) to inve stigate the effects of residual oxidants on PAHs removal during detection process and the elimination effects of adding Na2 SO3 and extending sampling time on residual oxidants.Results ... 相似文献
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