Au/ZnO催化剂的表征及常温常湿 条件下CO氧化性能研究

常温下考察了焙烧温度、金含量及水分对Au/ZnO催化剂上CO氧化性能的影响 ,并在常湿条件下考察了ZnO上CO氧化活性同温度的关系。结果表明 ,金的存在极大地提高了催化剂CO的氧化活性。另外焙烧温度和金含量对Au/ZnO催化剂的活性和稳定性均有较大影响 ,在常温常湿条件下 ,2 4 0℃焙烧的 2 %Au/ZnO催化剂 ,可连续反应 1 750h保持CO完全转化。XRD结果表明 ,锌的化学状态对催化剂的稳定性有较大的影响 ,氧化锌较碳酸锌表现出较高的稳定性。     

有机物分子结构与光催化氧化反应活性的关系

从正辛醇－水分配系数与Ｈａｍｍｅｔｔ常数，光催化氧化过程中的光解作用，表面活性剂的微环境效应及取代基的诱导效应等方面，探讨了有机物分子结构与其光催化氧化反应性之间的关系。     

海洋现代沉积速率~（210）Pb－~（210）Bi法的射线测定研究

本文主要介绍了用~（２１０）Ｐｂ─~（２１０）Ｂｉ法测定海洋现代沉积速率和数据处理方法的研究。该方法测定的结果与~（２１０）Ｐｂ─~（２１０）Ｐｏ法和阴离子交换－ＥＤＴＡ纯化－硫酸钡镭沉淀－α计数法（简称~（２２６）Ｒａ法）以及厦门大学海洋系经研究改进的分离、纯化~（２１０）Ｐｂ的离子交换法的测定结果相当吻合。     

Efficient degradation of organic pollutants by S-NaTaO3/biochar under visible light and the photocatalytic performance of a permonosulfate-based dual-effect catalytic system

Removing large concentrations of organic pollutants from water efficiently and quickly under visible light is essential to developing photocatalytic technology and improving solar energy efficiency. This study used a simple hydrothermal method to prepare a non-metallic, S-doped NaTaO₃ (S-NTO) photocatalyst, which was then loaded onto biochar (BC) to form a S-NTO/BC composite photocatalyst. After uniform loading onto BC, the S-NTO particles transformed from cubic to spherical. The photogenerated electron-hole pair recombination probability of the composite photocatalyst was significantly lower than those of the NTO particles. The light absorption range of the catalyst was effectively widened from 310 nm UV region to visible region. In addition, a dual-effect catalytic system was constructed by introducing peroxymonosulfate (PMS) into the environment of the pollution to be degraded. The Rhodamine B, Methyl Orange, Acid Orange 7, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin degradation efficiency at 40 mg/L reached 99.6%, 99.2%, 84.5%, 67.1%, and 70.7%, respectively, after irradiation by a 40 W lamps for 90 min. The high-efficiency visible-light catalytic activity of the dual-effect catalytic system was attributed to doping with non-metallic sulfur and loading of catalysts onto BC. The development of this dual-effect catalytic system provides new ideas for quickly and efficiently solving the problem of high-concentration organic pollution in aqueous environments, rationally and fully utilizing solar energy, and expanding the application of photocatalytic technology to practice.     

TiO2光催化剂载体及提高其光催化活性的研究进展

光催化技术是一种新型的绿色环保技术,TiO2是光催化反应中的一种研究较为广泛的光催化剂,其在污水处理以及空气净化等领域具有广泛的应用前景。文章综述了TiO2作为光催化剂的研究现状,着重介绍了TiO2光催化剂载体的研究及TiO2的改性研究。并结合我们在TiO2载体以及提高其催化活性方面所作的一些研究工作,提出一些看法。     

In-situ-reduced synthesis of cyano group modified g-C3N4/CaCO3 composite with highly enhanced photocatalytic activity for nicotine elimination

Graphite carbon nitride has many excellent properties as a two-dimensional semiconductor material so that it has a wide application prospect in the field of photocatalysis. However, the traditional problems such as high recombination rate of photogenerated carriers limit its application. In this work, we introduce nitrogen deficiency into g-C₃N₄ to solve this problem a simple and safe in-situ reduction method. g-C₃N₄/CaCO₃ was obtained by a simple and safe one-step calcination method with industrial-grade micron particles CaCO₃. Cyano group modification was in-situ reduced during the thermal polymerization process, which would change the internal electronic structure of g-C₃N₄. The successful combination of g-C₃N₄ and CaCO₃ and the introduction of cyanide have been proved by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer. The formation of the cyano group, an electron-absorbing group, promotes the effective separation of photogenic electron hole pairs and inhibits the recombination of photogenic carriers. These advantages result in the generation of more •O₂⁻ and ¹O₂ in the catalytic system, which increases the photocatalytic efficiency of nicotine degradation by ten times. Furthermore, the degradation process of nicotine has been studied in this work to provide a basis for the degradation of nicotine organic pollutants in the air.     

Mutagenic activity in Salmonella typhimurium mutants of the dust organic extract and its five fractions derived from an aluminum electrolytic plant

１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｐｒｏｃｅｓｏｆａｌｕｍｉｎｕｍｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｌｙｓｉｓｉｓｔｈｅｍａｉｎｓｏｕｒｃｅｏｆｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｐｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｏｆａｌｕｍｉｎｕｍｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ．Ｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇｍａｒｋｅｔｄ...     

云南热海热田中的碱金属元素

1982至1983年在云南腾冲一已知水热区及其毗邻约 60km² 范围内采集了131个土壤样品。样品分析结果表明锂和铷的异常能圈定两个已知水热区,且与若干已知热田地球化学指示元素的异常相当一致,从而进一步肯定了这一地区的开发前景。与此同时,对区内水样中的钠钾含量也进行了测定并做出解译。锂铷和已知地球化学指标之间的相关分析表明它们之间确存有某种内在联系,同时可看出盐湖与古地热系统之间的一些联系。最后得出结论:土壤中的锂铷可作为圈定热田的地球化学指标;地热系统不仅能作为能源资源而且也应视作矿产资源。     

TTC－脱氢酶活性检测方法的研究

以好氧消化污泥为材料，对影响脱氢酶活性测定的样品前处理、生化培养、酶反应终止剂、三苯基甲Ｚａ（ＴＦ）苯取剂以及萃取条件等问题进行了系统地研究，进而提出了检测脱氢酶活性的常温萃取测定法。这种方法已在剩余污泥好氧消化处理、生物转盘处理生物制品废水以及陶粒柱反应器低温生物预处理饮用水等研究中应用，效果良好。     

假单胞菌(Pseudomonas sp.)表面活性物质产生与性能

从广州猎德污水处理厂的二沉池污泥中分离到1株产表面活性剂的细菌,经镜检及一系列生理生化试验,鉴定为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.)。试验结果表明,菌株接种培养96h后,培养液可以使汽油层的乳化率达到100%;产表面活性物质的最佳的碳源和氮源分别为葡萄糖和NH4NO3,最大的排油直径均超过100mm;在偏碱性(pH 8￣9)的培养条件下生长良好,培养液的排油活性明显优于中性及酸性条件;盐离子浓度较高时能够生长并且大量产表面活性物质;通气量对培养液的表面活性有较大影响,摇瓶培养比通气培养更有利于保持培养液的表面活性。