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441.
阿特拉津对不同肥力土壤磷酸酶的影响 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
通过室内恒温培养法,研究除草剂阿特拉津对4种长期定位施肥处理下的土壤的磷酸酶活性的影响。试验结果表明,在阿特拉津质量分数不同和处理时间长短不同的情况下,阿特拉津对土壤磷酸酶的活性既有激活作用又有抑制作用。在试验过程中,4种不同肥力的土壤其磷酸酶活性随着处理时间的延续而呈现出“降低→升高→降低→升高”的消长趋势。不同阿特拉津质量分数对磷酸酶的影响没有规律,同一质量分数处理既有激活作用,也有抑制作用。在4种不同肥力的土壤中,磷酸酶活性最高的是以氮、磷、钾无机肥配合有机肥施用的土壤。 相似文献
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探讨了应用生物传感电极法测定微生物优势酶活性的可行性。以三乙酸三甘油酯及豆油乳液作为底物 ,通过测定微生物电极对底物的响应电流来测定微生物体内酯酶及脂肪酶 (系 )的活性。应用该方法测定厌氧和好氧反应器内生物膜及悬浮污泥的酶活性时发现 ,测出的酶活性量大小与单位质量污泥的有机物去除负荷紧密相关。在UASCB—MBBR串联系统中 ,好氧反应器中生物酶活性高于厌氧反应器 ;在UASCB中 ,上部厌氧生物膜中酯酶活性高于厌氧污泥 ,而脂肪酶活性则是底部污泥床的污泥高于上部生物膜 ;在MBBR中 ,生物膜的酯酶及脂肪酶活性均高于悬浮污泥。 相似文献
445.
光催化氧化法的影响因素和发展趋势 总被引:22,自引:1,他引:22
概述了光催化氧化有机物的机理,讨论了影响其反应速率的诸多因素和如催化剂,光强,有机物浓度,PH值,温度,外加氧化剂和盐等,探讨了提高反应效率的途径,并指出了今后光催化氧化法在水处理中的应用与研究方向。 相似文献
446.
旅游活动对风景区地被植物-土壤环境影响的初步研究 总被引:80,自引:3,他引:80
以安徽采石风景区为研究对象,建立了旅游活动对风景区地被植物-土壤环境影响模型,观察分析旅游活动对地被植物、土壤的外部形态,种群的高度、丰度、密度,土壤理化性状等影响;引入风景区旅游生态环境容量概念,据此提出风景区生态环境管理对策 相似文献
447.
陕京二线是继陕京一线之后陕西天然气进京的又一条长输管道。管线横贯陕西、山西、河北三省,直到北京市,全长约851 km。该工程对调整沿线各省市的燃料结构与产业结构,进一步改善首都北京的大气环境质量,为 2008年北京成功举办“绿色、环保奥运”,具有深远的意义。陕京二线大部分线路区域地震地质构造十分复杂,地质灾害类型多样,对管道工程和人民生命财产安全潜在危害严重,查明线路的工程地质条件和各类地质灾害,并采取相应治理措施,对于管道顺利建设和安全营运十分重要。 相似文献
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《组织行为杂志》2017,38(7):1111-1129
Although corporate social responsibility (CSR) can affect employees, we know little about how it affects them. Employees' interpretation of CSR is important because of the paradoxical nature of CSR. When firms operate in ways that seem counter to their nature (i.e., pursuit of social good rather than profit), the causal attributions of affected employees are crucial to understanding their work‐related behavior, as is the role of contextual factors such as leadership processes in shaping these attributions. Drawing from attribution and social learning theories, we develop a multilevel social influence theory of how CSR affects employees. We integrate managers as second observers in the baseline actor (i.e., firm)—observer (i.e., employee) dyad, whereas most attribution theory research has focused on single actor–observer dyads. Multisource field data collected from 427 employees and 45 managers were analyzed using hierarchical linear modeling. Managers' genuine (self‐serving) CSR attributions are positively related to employees' genuine (self‐serving) CSR attributions; and the strength of the relationship between managers' and employees' genuine CSR attributions depends on managers' organizational tenure. Employees' genuine CSR attributions also are positively related to employee advocacy, whereas—interestingly—employees' self‐serving CSR attributions do not appear to harm employee advocacy. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
450.
It is known that many kinds of fermentative antibiotics can be removed by temperature-enhanced hydrolysis from production wastewater based on their easy-to-hydrolyze characteristics. However, a few aminoglycosides are hard to hydrolyze below 100°C because of their stability expressed by high molecular energy gap (ΔE). Herein, removal of hard-to-hydrolyze kanamycin residue from production wastewater by hydrothermal treatment at subcritical temperatures was investigated. The results showed the reaction temperature had a significant impact on kanamycin degradation. The degradation half-life (t1/2) was shortened by 87.17-fold when the hydrothermal treatment temperature was increased from 100°C to 180°C. The t1/2 of kanamycin in the N2 process was extended by 1.08-1.34-fold compared to that of the corresponding air process at reaction temperatures of 140-180°C, indicating that the reactions during hydrothermal treatment process mainly include oxidation and hydrolysis. However, the contribution of hydrolysis was calculated as 75%-98%, which showed hydrolysis played a major role during the process, providing possibilities for the removal of kanamycin from production wastewaters with high-concentration organic matrices. Five transformation products with lower antibacterial activity than kanamycin were identified using UPLC-QTOF-MS analysis. More importantly, hydrothermal treatment could remove 97.9% of antibacterial activity (kanamycin EQ, 1,109 mg/L) from actual production wastewater with CODCr around 100,000 mg/L. Furthermore, the methane production yield in anaerobic inhibition tests could be increased about 2.3 times by adopting the hydrothermal pretreatment. Therefore, it is concluded that hydrothermal treatment as a pretreatment technology is an efficient method for removing high-concentration hard-to-hydrolyze antibiotic residues from wastewater with high-concentration organic matrices. 相似文献