Daily Activity and Mobility of the Common Shrew (Sorex araneus L.)

Data on the daily activity and mobility of the common shrew (Sorex araneusL.) were obtained by the method of animal marking and recapturing in test plots. Sex- and age-related differences in the locomotor activity of animals were revealed, which depended on population size and the phase of the population cycle. Under natural conditions, animal activity in the daytime proved to decrease to a lesser extent than in captivity. The mobility (locomotor activity) of shrews was shown to depend on population density, reproductive rate, and weather.     

BIOLOGICAL MONITORING OF BLUEGILL ACTIVITY1

ABSTRACT: Bluegills were exposed for one hour to 0.2 or 2.3 mg/liter water soluble fraction (WSF) of JP-4 in a testing chamber designed to contain individual fish. A strain gage paddle was used to monitor activity. Whole body movement of individual fish did not change appreciably during exposure to either 0.2 or 2.3 mg/liter WSF-JP-4. Strength of pectoral fin movement, accounting for the majority of the fish behavior, increased in six of ten individuals exposed to 2.3 mg/liter WSF-JP-4. Pectoral fanning may be a useful parameter to indirectly assess water quality.     

苹果茎沟病毒对梨树幼苗生长及过氧化物酶活性的影响

Based on growth level and peroxidase activity, a comparative study and paried-samples t test were made between vires-free Zaosu pear seedlings and the seedlings inoculated with apple stem grooving virus(ASGV). The results showed : ( 1 )virus-free Zaosu pear seedlings grew better than inoculated ones. Of the seedlings the height, diameter, branches and autumn braches differed statistically significantly; (2)the peroxidase activity of inoculated seedlings was higher than that of virus-free ones, and the peak of peroxidase activity occurred on about d 7 and d 24 after inoculation. Fig 1, Tab 1, Ref 9     

碳黑改性TiO2薄膜光催化剂的研制

通过掺杂碳黑来提高TiO2薄膜光催化剂的吸附性能，消除固定膜反应体系中经常出现的传质限制问题，使催化剂的活性由未经改性的3.2mg/L提高到4.8mg/L，相当于浓度为0.2g/L DegussaP25TiO2悬浮体系的效果，同时研究了影响催化剂活性的主要制备条件，获得的适宜制备条件为浓硝酸添加量1.0mL，热处理温度500℃，热处理时间2h，最佳涂覆次数为8次。     

废水处理系统中酯酶的活性及其作用特性

文章对兼氧-好氧染料废水生物处理系统中微生物酯酶的活性及其作用特性作了较深入的研究。试验结果表明,酯酶在兼氧和好氧池中的平均活性分别达0.482μmo·lh·g-1和0.408μmo·lh·g-1。酯酶活性同废水的COD和色度去除率之间存在很好的相关性。在pH值为8,温度为60℃条件下,兼氧和好氧池中的酯酶活性最高。较低的染料浓度有利于提高系统中酯酶的活性,超过一定浓度酯酶活性降低。染料助剂EDTA和氯化锌对兼氧池中酯酶活性的抑制作用明显,而好氧池中酯酶活性几乎不受这些助剂的影响。     

汉阳两湖泊底泥酶活性和脂肪酸垂直分布特征

酶活性和脂肪酸是富营养化湖泊底泥重要的生化指标。研究以武汉市汉阳地区两个湖泊为对象,测定了其中的酶活性(比色法)和脂肪酸(温和碱性甲酯化方法)。结果表明:酸性磷酸酶活性在表层和亚表层没有显著性差异(p0.05),而脲酶表层酶活性显著高于亚表层,甚至在有些位点差异极显著(p0.0005);饱和直链脂肪酸(碳原子数19)占总脂肪酸比例为40.40%～47.85%,多不饱和脂肪酸比例为18.21%～25.08%,表层和亚表层之间差异不明显(p0.05);单不饱和脂肪酸占总脂肪酸比例为19.60%～29.31%,饱和直链脂肪酸(碳原子数19)占总脂肪酸比例为6.47%～14.28%,表层和亚表层之间差异显著(p0.05)。碳原子数≥C24的长链脂肪酸比例很低,为1.57%～3.60%。上述研究结果在一定程度上获得了富营养化浅水湖泊底泥中酶活性和脂肪酸在垂直空间上的分布特征。     

钙钛矿CaFeO_3光催化降解大红染料废水性能的研究

用柠檬酸络合法制备钙钛矿型复合氧化物CaFeO3,并以其为光催化剂对水溶性染料进行光催化降解实验。讨论了光催化反应时间、催化剂投加量、光照强度、pH值、以及外加氧化剂(H2O2)等因素对光催化活性的影响。实验结果表明:在催化剂投加量0.4g,降解时间180min,pH值2,光照强度200W,H2O2的投加量5mL时,大红染料的降解率可达99.83%。     

Estrogenic activities of two synthetic pyrethroids and their metabolites

Synthetic pyrethroids(SPs) are among the most common pesticides in current use,and so far,several SPs have been assessed for their potential estrogenicities by various methods.Previous studies have shown that the estrogenicities partly come from their metabolites.Although considerable information is available with respect to the metabolism and environmental degradation of SPs,little is known about the estrogenicities of the metabolites.In this study,permethrin(PM) and β-cypermethrin(CP),as well as their metabolites(3-phenoxybenzoic alcohol(PBCOH),3-phenoxybenzaldehyde(PBCHO) and 3-phenoxybenzoic acid(PBCOOH) were evaluated for their estrogenic activities in the MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cell line.In the MCF-7 cell proliferation assay,PM and CP exhibited significant estrogenic activities at 10-7 mol/L,comparable to 17β-estradiol(E2 ) of 10-9 mol/L,with the relative proliferative effect ratios of 55.4% and 56.3%,respectively.The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR) results confirmed the estrogenicities of PM and CP with significant alteration of pS2 and ERα mRNA levels observed at 10-6 mol/L.For the three major metabolites,PBCOH and PBCOOH exhibited estrogenic activities in all assays,while no significant estrogenic responses was observed for PBCHO compared to the vehicle control.In particular,PBCOH had even slightly stronger estrogenic activity than its parent compounds,indicating that metabolism may be one of the reasons for the estrogenicities of the SPs.Given the widespread use of SPs,the toxicological effects of parent compounds and their metabolites should be taken into consideration in the risk assessment of SPs.     

添加硫酸根对燃煤电厂V2O5基脱硝催化剂性能的影响

采用浸渍法分别制得活性物质V2O5的含量均为1%和SO2-4的含量不同的催化剂,并通过实验研究了添加SO-24对燃煤电厂SCR法脱硝技术中V2O5基催化剂活性和热稳定性的影响.在固定床反应器上,在NH3/NOx物质的量比为1.0和模拟烟气流量为72 L·h-1条件下,对几种催化剂的活性进行了测试,结果显示,当负载加入5.01%的SO2-4或使用含有8.91%的SO-24载体制备催化剂时,催化剂的活性提高最为显著;在TGA 92热重.差热分析仪上对这两种催化剂进行了热重实验,结果表明,添加的硫酸根对催化剂的热稳定性也有一定提高,且不会影响电厂SCR催化剂的使用.     

东京大学“环境三四郎”的活动特点及启示

东京大学“环境三四郎”是以探讨环境问题为主题的大学生组织。作者通过参与该组织的各项活动,结合调研其成立十七年以来的活动轨迹,分析总结各时期的活动特点后发现,不断创新,积极进取的组织活动模式是“环境三四郎”发展壮大的原动力,也是树立良好社会形象的基础。它们的做法及经验,值得我国高校学生组织学习和借鉴。