Influence of combustion-originated dioxins in atmospheric deposition on water quality of an urban river in Japan

Bulk (wet and dry) deposition samples were collected in Saitama Prefecture, Japan throughout a year (February 8, 2012 to February 7, 2013) to estimate the influence of dioxins emitting from waste incinerators on river water quality. The annual deposition flux of dioxins was 3.3 ng-toxic equivalent (TEQ)/m²/year. Source identification using indicative congeners estimated that 82% of dioxin TEQ in the bulk deposition (2.7 ng-TEQ/m²/year) was combustion-originated, indicating that most of the dioxins in the deposition were derived from waste incinerators. In Saitama prefecture the annual flux of combustion-originated dioxins in depositions was apparently consistent with that of dioxin emission into the air from waste incinerators. The TEQ of combustion-originated dioxins in the deposition per rainfall was 2.4 pg-TEQ/L on annual average, exceeding the environmental quality standard (EQS) for water in Japan of 1 pg-TEQ/L. This suggests there is a possibility that dioxins in atmospheric deposition have a significant influence on the water quality of urban rivers which rainwater directly flows into because of many paved areas in the basins. The influence of combustion-originated dioxin in the deposition on the water quality of Ayase River, an urban river heavily polluted with dioxins, was estimated at 0.29 pg-TEQ/L on annual average in 2015. It seems that dioxins in atmospheric deposition from waste incinerators have a significant influence on water quality of some urban rivers via rainwater though the dioxins in the ambient air have achieved the EQS for atmosphere at all monitoring sites in Japan.     

绿色标志运动在世界

随着人们对环境问题的日益关注,一场以保护环境为宗旨的绿色消费运动在全世界蓬勃发展.本文以绿色标志运动的发展过程为线索,详细论述了目前世界各国开展这场运动的现状、组织形式及不同的实施手段.文中介绍了几种已被采用的环境标志的设计思想,列举了绿色标志产品所涉及的种类及不同评审标准,并对绿色标志的管理作了充分说明.此外,文章还着重分析了绿色标志运动对改善环境的影响,为我国开展此项运动提供了借鉴.     

Environmental prospection for PCDD/PCDF, PAH, PCB and heavy metals around the incinerator power plant of Reggio Emilia town (Northern Italy) and surrounding main roads

Samples of soil, sediment and pine needles from the Reggio Emilia area were analysed in order to estimate the environmental pollution caused by an MSWI. PCDD/PCDF, PCB, PAH and metals were analysed in the collected samples. The data obtained showed relatively low pollution levels. Indeed, the PCDD/PCDF and PCB data were comparable to the values usually found in the grazing areas of the European Union countries. Metal concentrations in soils and sediments may be related to local geological occurrences and to agricultural activities. PAH values are significantly lower than the limit values set by the Italian law.     

废旧电脑的综合治理

从环境管理和处理处置技术的角度 ,概述了一些发达国家在废电脑处理方面的现状 ,并结合国外的发展经验 ,对我国废电脑的处理工作提出了建议     

含铬(Ⅵ)废物堆放场所土壤/地下水的污染特点及土著微生物的初步生物解毒实验研究

通过分析含铬 (Ⅵ )废物堆放场所引起的土壤 /地下水污染特点 ,说明含铬 (Ⅵ )废物污染的潜在与长期危害不容忽视。在污染土壤中进行土著微生物的筛选与初步应用实验 ,其中的土著真菌具有较强的还原能力 ,仅用 2 3d就使铬渣浸出液的六价铬浓度从 115 1.2 /mg·L-1下降到 10 .9/mg·L-1,具有良好的生物解毒作用 ,为含铬 (Ⅵ )废物的处置及污染土壤的修复开辟了一条新途径     

摩托车离合器压套的冲压工艺与模具设计

通过对压套零件的冲压工艺分析,省去外缘修边工序。外缘翻边时,利用板料的塑性平面各向异性在拉深件凸缘处产生的凸耳,翻边后形成图纸要求的凸、凹R50mm的外形尺寸,成功地用四套模具生产出摩托车离合器压套零件,降低了模具成本,提高了材料利用率。     

废旧聚乙烯的再生处理技术

从废旧聚乙烯的直接再生、改性再生和裂解再生三个方面，讨论了国内外处理和再生利用的情况，并对其再生技术与应用做了比较。我国处理和回收利用废旧聚乙烯时，要加强生物降解塑料等环境无负荷材料的研究与开发；加强固体废弃物的管理与循环利用的立法；实现经济与环境的和谐发展。     

废旧塑料污染的防治途径

本文简要介绍了废旧塑料的几种处理和再利用方法，以及控制其污染和采用这些方法应采取的对策意见。     

上海市郊大棚蔬菜农药污染防治对策

在对上海市郊大棚农药污染的情况调查研究的基础上，指出了防治大棚蔬菜农药污染的必要性及其科学依据，并进而提出了具体的综合蔟上海市郊的农业生产中，使用高毒农药及具潜在“三致”作用的危险级、较危险级农药，加速引进使用高效低毒农药，特别是杀菌剂，合理控制药液浓度以降低大棚蔬菜中农药的残留量，并根据目标制定分步骤的具体实施计划。     

废旧轮胎热解资源化研究

废旧轮胎热解资源化是近年来世界各国关注的热点。热解温度控制在４００～８００℃便能得到燃料油、炭黑、钢丝和燃料气。热解工艺简单，操作方便，投产１８个月能收回全部投资，经济效益可观，同时减轻废旧轮胎对环境的压力。废旧轮胎必将成为一种既有能源价值，更有资源价值的新兴资源，补充世界各国对资源的需求。