膜法富氧助燃技术在节能和环保中的应用

主要介绍了该高新技术在玻璃窑、注汽炉、加热炉、热媒炉、燃煤炉、燃油及燃气炉等方面的典型应用,一般均具有显著的经济效益和社会效益,不但显著节能、增产,而且改善燃烧效率,延长炉龄,环保达标,通常几个月就能收回全部投资。     

From Global to Local: Providing Actionable Flood Forecast Information in a Cloud‐Based Computing Environment

Global and continental scale flood forecast provide coarse resolution flood forecast, but from the perspective of emergency management, flood warnings should be detailed and specific to local conditions. The desired refinement can be provided by the use of downscaling global scale models and through the use of distributed hydrologic models to produce a high‐resolution flood forecast. Three major challenges associated with transforming global flood forecasting to a local scale are addressed in this work. The first is using open‐source software tools to provide access to multiple data sources and lowering the barriers for users in management agencies at local level. This can be done through the Tethys Platform that enables web water resources modeling applications. The second is finding a practical solution for the computational requirements associated with running complex models and performing multiple simulations. This is done using Tethys Cluster that manages distributed and cloud computing resources as a companion to the Tethys Platform for web app development. The third challenge is discovering ways to downscale the forecasts from the global extent to the local context. Three modeling strategies have been tested to address this, including downscaling of coarse resolution global runoff models to high‐resolution stream networks and routing with Routing Application for Parallel computatIon of Discharge (RAPID), the use of hierarchical Gridded Surface and Subsurface Hydrologic Analysis (GSSHA) distributed models, and pre‐computed distributed GSSHA models.     

石墨棒阳极电化学氧化降解甲基橙

以石墨棒为阳极,采用电化学氧化法降解水溶液中甲基橙。通过紫外可见光谱和HPLC分析初步鉴定了甲基橙降解过程中的部分中间产物;通过硝酸银滴定法证明了使用的支持电解质氯化钠能参与并促进氮氮双键和苯环的破坏;通过紫外可见光谱、COD的变化考察了电解质的种类及浓度、电极种类、修饰及形状、槽电压和酸碱度等参数对石墨棒阳极降解甲基橙能力的影响。实验结果表明,以石墨棒为阳极、以石墨棒或者铜环为阴极组成的二维电极体系,和以石墨棒为阳极、以铜环为阴极并填充活性炭组成的三维电极体系,在氯化钠水溶液中均能有效降解甲基橙,20 min后脱色率超过95%,3 h后COD去除率超过90%。     

高炉渣制备聚硅酸硫酸铝铁混凝剂

以高炉渣为原料,分别采用酸浸及碱浸-酸化工艺得到铁、铝离子及聚硅酸,再将铁、铝离子引入聚硅酸制得聚硅酸硫酸铝铁(PSAFS)混凝剂。考察了PSAFS的聚合条件对焦化废水混凝效果的影响,并与市售混凝剂进行了对比。实验结果表明:PSAFS的最佳制备条件为n(Al+Fe)∶n(Si)=0.53,混凝剂p H=1,熟化时间0.5 h,熟化温度60℃;PSAFS加入量为4 m L/L时,混凝效果最好,对焦化废水的浊度和COD的去除率分别达到98.9%和74.5%;PSAFS的性能优于市售的3种混凝剂。     

用热解石墨管和锆＋酒石酸改进剂测定环境样品中锡

本文提出了一种新的混合改进剂（锆＋酒石酸）,能有效消除高氯酸、硝酸以及各种基体的干扰,比较了各原子化温度时理论和实验特征量,使解热石墨管可可能用于石墨炉原子吸收法测定各种环境样品中的锡,准确度和精度优于８％。     

组合式生物膜法处理炼油废水的研究

针对炼油废水成分复杂、有毒物质含量高和可生化性差的特点,采用组合式生物膜法进行处理.试验结果表明,该工艺对COD、NH3-N和挥发酚(Ar-OH)具有较好的去除效果,去除率分别为92.6%、96.5%和98.1%,达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978-1996)一级标准.     

用煤矸石和鼓风炉淤泥制备聚硅酸铁铝混凝剂

研究了以煤矸石和鼓风炉淤泥为原料，在常压条件下制备高效混凝剂凝剂聚硅酸铁铝的方法，确定了合理的生产工艺和操作条件，用该混凝剂处理实际废水，并与聚合硫酸铁的处理效果进行比较，结果表明，出水COD和色度去除率均提高约30%，SS去除率提高约10%，同时探讨了该混凝剂处理废水的反应机理。     

Experimental study on MSW gasification and melting technology

In order to develop municipal solid waste (MSW) gasification and melting technology, two preliminary experiments and a principle integrated experiment were fulfilled respectively. The gasification characteristics of MSW are studied at 500-750℃ when equivalence ratio (ER) was 0.2-0.5 using a fluidized-bed gasifier. When temperature was 550-700℃ and ER was 0.2-0.4, low heat value (LHV) of syngas reaches 4000-12000 kJ/Nm3. The melting characteristics of fly ash were investigated at 1100-1460℃ using a fixed-bed furnace. It was proved that over 99.9% of dioxins could be decomposed and most heavy-metals could be solidified when temperature was 1100-1300℃. The principle integrated experiment was carried out in a fluidized-bed gasification and swirl-melting system. MSW was gasified efficiently at 550-650℃, swirl-melting furnace maintains at 1200-1300℃ stably and over 95% of fly ash could be caught by the swirl-melting furnace. The results provided much practical experience and basic data to develop MSW gasification and melting technology.     

基于g-C3N4纳米片/氧化石墨烯复合材料电化学传感器检测水体中左氧氟沙星研究

近年来,随着抗生素的滥用和不加控制的排放,水体中抗生素的检测已经成为环境分析的一个重要研究领域.本文采用简单的超声方法将超薄石墨相氮化碳纳米片（g-C₃N₄Ns）固定在氧化石墨烯（GO）的表面,形成g-C₃N₄Ns/GO纳米复合材料,制备了一种基于石墨相氮化碳/氧化石墨烯的新型电化学传感器,用于环境水样中左氧氟沙星（LEV）的检测.在优化的实验条件下,利用差分脉冲伏安法（DPV）对LEV进行检测,线性范围为0.25～90μmol·L^-1,检出限为0.073μmol·L^-1.该传感器具有良好的稳定性、灵敏度、抗干扰能力和制备简单等优势,并成功地用于测定河水和自来水样中的LEV,具有良好的回收率,为左氧氟沙星的灵敏检测提供了一种可行的方案.     

固硫型煤的生产技术和使用效果

针对链式炉炉内脱硫，设计了固硫型煤生产线，通过测试、试验、生产和实际使用，使固硫型煤满足脱硫要求，同时，节能效果也较明显。另外，对固硫剂、粘结剂的选用和配比作了介绍。