环境磁学在城市污染研究中的应用

环境磁学是一门介于地学、磁学和环境科学之间的新兴边缘学科。在简要阐述环境磁学原理的基础上，集中介绍其在城市污染研究中的主要应用，包括环境污染指示、重金属污染监测、大气污染颗粒物来源及污染历史研究等。     

Coastline management in The Netherlands: human use versus natural dynamics

The boundary between land and sea in The Netherlands changes continuously. Every kilometre of the present position of the Dutch sandy coastline is the result of the interface between natural dynamics initiated by the sea and man-made action on land. Before 1990, each year ca. 20 ha of dunes disappeared through coastal retreat. In 1990 the Dutch government decided to stop any further long-term coastal recession and chose for ‘dynamic preservation’, which primarily aims, at ensuring safety against flooding and sustainable preservation of the values and interests attached to the dunes and beaches. Five years later, a first review of the benefits and bottlenecks of the new coastal defence policy could be presented. The overall conclusion is that the 1990-choice for dynamic preservation was right. The considerable losses of dunes and beaches do not occur any longer. Sand nourishment is an effective method of coastline maintenance, which also serves the functions of the beach and dune area for human society. However, serious erosion of the deeper part of the shoreface threatens the coastline of the 21st century. Nearly a doubling of the nourishment volume is necessary to prevent a renewed landward shift of the coastline. An anticipated accelerated sea level rise (ca. 60 cm/century) will increase the sand losses by another 25%. Plans are being finalized for large-scale land reclamation in front of the coastline as an answer to growing spatial problems on land. In other plans polders, now safely protected by sea dikes, will be returned to the sea in order to restore ecologically valuable salt marshes and mud flats. The position of the coastline will continue to change in the coming decades. Besides natural dynamics, human use of the coastal zone will certainly affect this process: measures to maintain the coastline at its 1990 position need to be seen in perspective: the coastline as a part of the coastalzone.     

Elements of an SEA framework— improving the added-value of SEA

Debate across the impact assessment community has been significantly influenced by the emergence of Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) in the past few years. Although there are still difficulties regarding the understanding of its nature and technicalities, the need for it was acknowledged, and practice is taking place in diverse forms. Such diversity of approaches to SEA, while enriching debate, are critically confusing the relationship of SEA with other planning and impact assessment tools. In this paper it is argued that the value of SEA is a function of the extent it influences, and adds value, to decision making. Following that rationale, the paper suggests that SEA should be conceptualized as a framework, defined by core elements, that are incrementally integrated into policy and planning procedures and practices, whatever decision-making system in place. It is believed that in this way SEA may better satisfy one of its acknowledged aims and benefits, which is to help achieve sustainable development by changing the way decisions are made.     

执行水污染物总量收费政策效果评价

通过对排放水污染物总量收费政策在无锡市实施情况的调查与分析 ,评价了总量收费政策的执行效果 ,并对达标排放停总量收费的做法进行了利弊分析。指出 ,应完善总量收费政策 ,以发挥其在环境管理中的经济杠杆作用     

《宁波环境科学》征稿启事

《宁波环境科学》是经浙江省新闻出版局批准(浙内准字第B046号),由宁波市环境保护局主管,宁波市环境保护科学学会主办,是宁波市环保专业中、高级职称(不含教授级)评审的论文确认期刊。刊物立足宁波,面向全国,开辟的主要栏目有:局长(管理)论坛、学术研究、学科动态、交流争鸣等,内容涵盖节能减排、环境管理、环境规划、环境监测、环境科研、污染治理、环境执法、环境评价、环境健康、环境教育、生态文明、循环经济、清洁生产、综合信息等。规格为A4,页码为64,季刊。2008年6月创刊。为办好刊物,面向社会征稿。征稿简则如下     

企业自行监测信息应用于环境监管的路径探析

简述了企业自行监测及信息公开的法律义务,以及企业自行监测及信息公开的现状。指出了自行监测信息应用于环境监管遇到的瓶颈并分析其原因,提出应借鉴国外环境监管经验,加强对自行监测工作的宣贯培训,加快建立自行监测管理的长效机制,加速对第三方运维(检测)机构的规范引导。     

Contribution of Ecosystem Services to Air Quality and Climate Change Mitigation Policies: The Case of Urban Forests in Barcelona,Spain

Mounting research highlights the contribution of ecosystem services provided by urban forests to quality of life in cities, yet these services are rarely explicitly considered in environmental policy targets. We quantify regulating services provided by urban forests and evaluate their contribution to comply with policy targets of air quality and climate change mitigation in the municipality of Barcelona, Spain. We apply the i-Tree Eco model to quantify in biophysical and monetary terms the ecosystem services “air purification,” “global climate regulation,” and the ecosystem disservice “air pollution” associated with biogenic emissions. Our results show that the contribution of urban forests regulating services to abate pollution is substantial in absolute terms, yet modest when compared to overall city levels of air pollution and GHG emissions. We conclude that in order to be effective, green infrastructure-based efforts to offset urban pollution at the municipal level have to be coordinated with territorial policies at broader spatial scales.     

GIS技术及其在环境保护领域中的应用

地理信息系统GIS是一门以计算机为基础的新兴技术，围绕着这项技术的研究、开发和应用，形成了一门交叉性、边缘性学科，其在环境保护等领域的应用将有力地促进环境保护工作的开展，作者简要介绍了GIS技术的特点以及在环境保护领域中的具体应用。     

国外最佳管理措施在农业非点源污染防治中的应用

概述了国外最佳管理措施(BMPs)在农业非点源污染防治中的应用现状,工程措施有人工湿地、植被缓冲区和水陆交错带;管理措施有测土施肥、变量施肥、免耕-少耕法和生物篱等,以及它们所取得的成果,并展望其在国外和国内的发展趋势和前景.     

人工湿地在农业面源污染控制中的应用研究

由漂浮植物池、沉水植物池、挺水植物池以及草滤带组成的人工湿地,对氮、磷、泥沙以及有机物有较好的吸收、吸附以及物理沉降作用,可以控制农田径流污染,具有工艺简洁,运行管理方便,生态环境效益显著,投资少等优点,是控制农业面源污染的实用工程技术。