钢丝绳缺陷电磁检测技术与适用性评估

本文简述了钢丝绳缺陷检测技术的类别和发展动态,对比分析了国内外钢丝绳缺陷电磁检测仪器的性能参数和特性,结合实际应用总结了钢丝绳电磁检测技术存在的问题,评估了其工程适用性。     

Rapid Issue Tracking: A Method for Taking the Pulse of the Public Discussion of Environmental Policy

Environmental communication professionals and other decision makers need to understand public sentiment toward environmental issues to effectively carry out their stewardship responsibilities. However, it is often difficult to obtain timely and reliable information about public discussion and debate regarding these issues. This paper describes an approach designed to address this dilemma: Rapid Issue Tracking is a method for quickly “taking the pulse” of public and other stakeholder discussion. The data source for Rapid Issue Tracking is online media stories, including traditional news media, social media, and other textual data such as public comments received by an agency. Two US Forest Service cases of Rapid Issue Tracking are presented to explicate the method and its usefulness in environmental communication and decision making.     

对注册安全工程师定位并充分发挥其作用的探讨

自2002年9月在我国实施注册安全工程师执业资格制度以来,已有11044人获得《中华人民共和国注册安全工程师执业资格证书》。可以预见,今后几年的时间里,将有数万人取得注册安全工程师执业资格。但是,如何解决注册安全工程师的定位问题,如何提高注册安全工程师的地位和充分发挥注册安全工程师的作用,以及如何推进和完善注册安全工程师执业资格制度,仍需继续出台一系列的政策。笔者就注册安全工程师的定位问题以及如何充分发挥注册安全工程师的作用进行了探讨。     

An evaluation of risk assessment framework for industrial accidents in India

Due to rapid industrialization, with high population density and constraints of land, it is expected that level of risks arising from the hazardous industries will increase in India in the coming decades. However, 30 years after the Bhopal accident (1984), except a few discrete regulations, there is as yet no integrated system for assessing and managing risks arising out of these hazardous industries in India. The gravity of aspects related to the management of industrial risk still remains crucially important. In particular, there is no standard guideline on risk analysis methodology, acceptability or tolerability criteria, nor is there an accident database or a risk reduction strategy for the areas where risk levels are already high. On top of this, there are technical and legislative gaps in the institutional framework to implement any of the above mentioned issues. With the backdrop of the Bhopal gas tragedy, the objective of this paper is therefore to evaluate the effectiveness of a comprehensive risk assessment framework for the emerging economy of India, in order to control and/or to reduce the risk level that exists. In this context, regulations and policies pertaining to industrial risk assessment were reviewed.     

多相抽提和原位化学氧化联合修复技术应用——某有机复合污染场地地下水修复工程案例

某电子机械厂搬迁后原址约1 500 m区域地下水受到了多种类型的有机物复合污染,包括石油烃、苯系物和多环芳烃,并且部分区域发现有明显轻质非水溶相流体(LNAPL)。该案例首先应用多相抽提技术强化回收地下水中的LNAPL,并去除土壤气体和地下水中溶解态的污染物。当地下水中不存在明显LNAPL且污染物浓度不再明显降低后,继续应用原位化学氧化技术进行修复,所使用氧化剂为"过硫酸钠+Na OH"。经过45 d的多相抽提以及4t过硫酸盐氧化剂注射之后,验收监测表明污染区域地下水污染物浓度均达到了修复目标。该案例表明,多种修复技术的联合应用能够明显加快修复进度、提高修复效率、节约修复成本。对于存在LNAPL,且修复目标较严格的有机复合污染场地,多相抽提结合原位化学氧化联合修复是一种较好的修复技术选择。     

电捕法在炭素焙烧炉烟气净化中的应用

针对炭素焙烧炉的烟气特点,采用雾化水预处理和电捕焦油技术,对炭素厂焙烧炉烟气进行治理,达到高效净化有害气体—沥青烟的目的。     

低温微生物低温适应性的机制及其应用前景

低温微生物由于长期生活在寒冷的环境中,在自然选择的作用下形成一套独特的与低温环境相适应的细胞结构和分子机制。从细胞结构、组成的变化,以及分子水平等角度阐述了近年来国内外有关低温微生物低温适应性机制的研究进展;探讨了低温微生物在环境净化、食品化工和医药等行业中的广泛应用前景。     

On the choice of farm management practices after the reform of the Common Agricultural Policy in 2003

The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) was fundamentally reformed in 2003. From 2005, farmers will receive decoupled income support payments instead of production premiums if basic standards for environment, food safety, animal health and welfare are met. Farmers are likely to adjust production and management practices to the new policy framework. We describe how this reform fits into the EU strategy of making agricultural production more environmentally friendly by concentrating on the financial aspects of the reforms. Using an agricultural sector model for Austria, we show that the reform will further decrease agricultural outputs, reduce farm inputs, lessen nitrogen surpluses and make environmentally friendly management practices more attractive for farmers.     

An overview of President Carter's Water Policy (1978)

On June 6, 1978, President Carter presented his Federal Water Policy Initiatives to the Congress. These were based on a year-long and sometimes controversial study by the Water Resources Council, the Office of Management and Budget, and the Council on Environmental Quality. Reforms were proposed relative to cost sharing, planning procedures, project evaluation, and environmental protection. Omitted from the policy were recommendations on water pollution control, planning coordination, and water resources research.The views expressed are the author's, and not necessarily those of the Library of Congress.     

Forest depletion: Some policy options

The problem of forest depletion needs to be given serious consideration in developing countries due to the preponderance of exploitative factors over regenerative factors. In most of the developing countries there is over-exploitation of forest resources and, unless an integrated forest resource policy is formulated and implemented, forest resources of the Third World will become the greatest ‘tragedy of the commons’.