岳阳南湖水质变化趋势与保护措施研究

应用湖泊完全混合模型和狄龙模型，预测了岳阳经济技术开发区和南湖旅游度假区建成后对有水质的影响，结果表明南湖水质污染将会加剧。根据南湖污染源的情况，文中提出了相应的水质保护措施。     

某铁路隧道内空气污染物分析及治理

对某铁路隧道空气污染物及其来源进行调查分析,调查结果表明,该铁路隧道内的污染物呈增加趋势,部分时间段污染物浓度超过国家标准。在分析隧道内空气污染源及产生原因的基础上,提出在隧道预留风机段内加装机械通风、优化生产流程、加强个人防护等治理建议。     

Residues of organochlorine pesticides,polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy metals in the eggs of predatory birds from Doñana National Park (Spain), 1980–1983

Abstract

Organochlorine pesticides and heavy metal residues were determined in 54 eggs of five species of predatory birds collected at Doñana National Park (Spain) during the nesting season between 1980 and 1983. The species analyzed were the imperial eagle (Aquila heliaca), the red kite (Milvus milvus), the black kite (Milvus migrans), the hobby (Falco subbuteo) and the booted eagle (Hieraetus pennatus). DDE, DDT and PCBs were detected in all samples. α‐HCH, α‐HCH, aldrin, dieldrin, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, TDE and dichlorobenzophenone were also detected but less frequently. The DDE content of eggs decreased in the period between 1972/1976 and 1980/1983, but the PCBs contents were stable. The declines are attributed to the restrictions on the use of DDT in most countries. Mercury, lead, cadmium, copper and zinc were detected in all samples. The levels of organochlorine pesticides, PCBs and heavy metals in these Falconiforme eggs are generally below the levels known to cause direct effects on survival or reproduction of birds.     

排污费开征“三书”制探索

探讨在社会主义市场经济条件下排污收费工作新思路，从内容，实施和效用方面介绍了排污费开征实行“三书”制新方法。     

松花江休养生息前后典型有机污染物变化情况分析

水质中的多环芳烃、多元酚这二类有机污染物因具有污染危害大、检出频率高、迁移能力强和难于降解等特点,一直是松花江污染防控的重点目标物。研究其在休养生息后的时空演变状态,探讨来松花江水质有机污染变化趋势,对松花江污染防治具有指导性意义。     

Oxidation of inorganic contaminants by ferrates (VI, V, and IV)--kinetics and mechanisms: a review

Inorganic contaminants are found in water, wastewaters, and industrial effluents and their oxidation using iron based oxidants is of great interest because such oxidants possess multi-functional properties and are environmentally benign. This review makes a critical assessment of the kinetics and mechanisms of oxidation reactions by ferrates (Fe(VI)O(4)(2-), Fe(V)O(4)(3-), and Fe(IV)). The rate constants (k, M(-1) s(-1)) for a series of inorganic compounds by ferrates are correlated with thermodynamic oxidation potentials. Correlations agree with the mechanisms of oxidation involving both one-electron and two-electron transfer processes to yield intermediates and products of the reactions. Case studies are presented which demonstrate that inorganic contaminants can be degraded in seconds to minutes by ferrate(VI) with the formation of non-toxic products.     

Characterization, leachability and valorization through combustion of residual chars from gasification of coals with pine

This paper presents the study of the combustion of char residues produced during co-gasification of coal with pine with the aim of characterizing them for their potential use for energy. These residues are generally rich in carbon with the presence of other elements, with particular concern for heavy metals and pollutant precursors, depending on the original fuel used.The evaluation of environmental toxicity of the char residues was performed through application of different leaching tests (EN12457-2, US EPA-1311 TCLP and EA NEN 7371:2004). The results showed that the residues present quite low toxicity for some of pollutants. However, depending on the fuel used, possible presence of other pollutants may bring environmental risks.The utilization of these char residues for energy was in this study evaluated, by burning them as a first step pre-treatment prior to landfilling. The thermo-gravimetric analysis and ash fusibility studies revealed an adequate thermochemical behavior, without presenting any major operational risks.Fluidized bed combustion was applied to char residues. Above 700 °C, very high carbon conversion ratios were obtained and it seemed that the thermal oxidation of char residues was easier than that of the coals. It was found that the char tendency for releasing SO₂ during its oxidation was lower than for the parent coal, while for NO_X emissions, the trend was observed to increase NO_X formation. However, for both pollutants the same control techniques might be applied during char combustion, as for coal. Furthermore, the leachability of ashes resulting from the combustion of char residues appeared to be lower than those produced from direct coal combustion.     

临江河水生生物体中重金属含量的模糊评价

水体的环境变化直接影响着水生生物的质量,重金属在水生生物中的富集含量,在很大程度上说明水生生物受污染的状况。本文主要研究评价了临江河水生生物中重金属的状况,为该河水生生物资源的开发利用提供科学依据。      

Dioxins in the Venice lagoon

Venice is famous around the world for its uniqueness and architectural splendours, arts and the history of the “Serenissima Repubblica”, as it was known in the past, but few are aware that Venice economy is strongly dependent on the industrial activities based mainly on the adjacent Porto Marghera area. For many years, the lagoon that physically separates the city from the dry land has avoided association between the concern connected with the pollution derived from these industrial activities and the public perception of Venice. Since 1995, dioxins have appeared as a lagoon contaminant, and their presence, at such a level requiring immediate “in depth” studies and interventions, has been fully realized for decades.     

上海市典型综合型地下空间空气污染特征分析

对上海市某综合型城市地下空间空气进行采样、监测,得到CO 2、TVOC、甲醛、微生物、PM 10、PM 2.5等6类污染物的特征分布,基于国内外不同的空气质量标准作分析比较。结果表明,该典型综合型地下空间的空气污染情况较普遍,其中甲醛、TVOC污染较为突出,平均浓度超标倍数分别为1.056倍、3.755倍;共发现9种潜在致病菌属,占总数的0.893%。地下空间污染物的累积与内部建筑的设计、装修、功能属性、空调系统等众多因素有关。