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排序方式: 共有63条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
Quanfu Yao Qinggele Borjihan Huihui Qu Yixuan Guo Ziying Zhao Long Qiao Ting Li Alideertu Dong Ying Liu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(7):33-43
Disposal of the pollutants arising from farming cattle and other livestock threatens the environment and public safety in diverse ways. Herein, we report on the synthesis of engineered biochars using cow dung as raw material, and investigating these biochars as antibacterial agents for water decontamination. By coating the biochars with N-halamine polymer and loading them with active chlorine (i.e., Cl+), we were able to regulate them on demand by tuning the polymer coating and bleaching conditions. The obtained N-halamine-modified biochars were found to be extremely potent against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. We also investigated the possibility of using these N-halamine-modified biochars for bacterial decontamination in real-world applications. Our findings indicated that a homemade filter column packed with N-halamine-modified biochars removed pathogenic bacteria from mining sewage, dairy sewage, domestic sewage, and artificial seawater. This proposed strategy could indicate a new way for utilizing livestock pollutants to create on-demand decontaminants. 相似文献
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43.
Nona Merry M. Mitan Mihai Brebu Thallada Bhaskar Akinori Muto Yusaku Sakata 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2007,9(1):56-61
Brominated high-impact polystyrene (HIPS-Br), which contained decabromodiphenyl ether flame retardant, and brominated acrylonitrile
butadiene styrene (ABS-Br), which contained bromine-containing epoxy-type flame retardant, were degraded at 450°C individually
and in a 1/1 mixture by a thermal and catalytic procedure using folded sheet mesoporous (FSM) and ZSM-5 zeolite in liquid
phase contact mode. The two polymers produced similar degradation oils but at a higher yield for HIPS-Br. However, the composition
and distribution of Br-, N-, and O-containing compounds depended on the type of flame retardant in HIPS-Br and ABS-Br. Multiphase
catalytic systems consisting of FSM in liquid phase contact mode and various CaH-, FeO-, CoMo-, and NiMo-based catalysts,
or combinations of these catalysts, in vapor phase contact mode were used to decrease the amount of heteroatoms (Br, N, and
O) in the degradation oils. Each system gave particular results in terms of mass balance and concentrations of heteroatoms.
A FSM (liquid phase contact)/CaHC (vapor phase contact) combination was the best catalytic system to remove Br-, N-, and O-containing
compounds from degradation oils. 相似文献
44.
45.
Xue Wang Wenge Cheng Qiuyuan Yang Hongyun Niu Qian Liu Yun Liu Ming Gao Ming Xu An Xu Sijin Liu Xiaoyu Huang Yuguo Du 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2018,30(7):217-226
As well-known persistent organic pollutants(POPs), organofluorine pollutants such as perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS) have been proven to be bioaccumulated and harmful to health. However, toxicological assessment of organofluorinated nanoparticles, which have emerged as a novel tool for biomedical and industrial applications, is lacking, to the best of our knowledge. To assess the biological effects and health risk of fluorinated nanoparticles,trifluoroethyl aryl ether-based fluorinated poly(methyl methacrylate) nanoparticles(PTFEPMMA NPs) were synthesized with various fluorine contents(PTFE-PMMA-1 NPs 12.0 wt.%,PTFE-PMMA-2 NPs 6.1 wt.% and PTFE-PMMA-3 NPs 5.0 wt.%), and their cytotoxicity was investigated in this study. The in vitro experimental results indicated that the cytotoxicity of PTFE-PMMA NPs was mild, and was closely related to their fluorine(F) contents and Fcontaining side chains. Specifically, the cytotoxicity of PTFE-PMMA NPs decreased with increasing F content and F-containing side chains. After exposure to PTFE-PMMA NPs at a sublethal dose(50 μg/m L) for 24 hr, the phospholipid bilayer was damaged, accompanied by increasing permeability of the cell membrane. Meanwhile, the intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS) occurred, resulting in the increase of DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and cell death. Overall, the PTFE-PMMA NPs were found to be relatively safe compared with typical engineered nanomaterials(ENMs), such as silver nanoparticles and graphene oxide, for biomedical and industrial applications. 相似文献
46.
PCR技术在水生毒理学研究中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术的基本原理,并在此基础上综述了PCR技术在水生毒理学研究中的应用及国内外最新研究进展,其中涉及的模式生物包括原生动物、浮游植物、浮游动物和鱼类等。PCR技术不仅为污染物对水生生物的毒性检测带来了便利,还有助于从分子水平上阐述污染物的毒性作用机制。最后指出了目前PCR技术应用的局限性及未来的发展前景。 相似文献
47.
"聚合物驱"采油技术在提高原油采收率的同时也产生了大量的采油废水。传统处理工艺多采用核桃壳过滤,处理效果不理想。戈尔膜过滤器因其具有效率高、运行稳定、易于维修以及全自动化控制等优点,更适合现行处理工艺的改造需求,在采油废水处理中避免了一些生物与化学处理所引起的二次污染等问题,具有较高的推广价值。 相似文献
48.
介绍了常用固相萃取剂的类型与适用范围,综述了近年来在极性有机污染物富集检测中获得应用的新型固相萃取剂,包括具有高比表面积和亲水表面的聚合物萃取剂,以及利用分子印迹和免疫亲和技术制备的新型萃取剂。 相似文献
49.
The formation and spray coating, with Degussa P25 titanium dioxide (TiO2), of a room temperature curable resin to form a photocatalytically active material is described in this paper. The TiO2 surface layers produced have been characteristed with the aid of scanning electron microscope analysis. The photocatalytic activity of the samples tested using a gas phase continuous flow type photoreactor, the test pollutant being propene. Analysis of the test results indicates the potential of TiO2 coated polymers to form effective photocatalytic materials, with the potential to improve indoor air quality and reduce the energy consumption of ventilation systems. 相似文献
50.
J. G. Pharoah 《International Journal of Green Energy》2013,10(4):421-438
Laminar flows are investigated in single and double parallel serpentine channels mounted on a porous media and it is found that significant convective transport occurs in porous media for practical fuel cell conditions. This transport increases with increasing flow Reynolds number, with decreasing land width, and most significantly with increasing channel length. Increasing the number of parallel channels significantly decreases the pressure drop across the fuel cell, but also significantly decreases the magnitude of convective transport in the porous media. Increased parasitic loads must be put in the context of the change in electrochemical performance. This paper presents both data and a methodology for beginning to think about flow field design from a hydrodynamic perspective. 相似文献