NiOγ／-Al2O3反应吸附苯并噻吩

以等体积浸渍法制备了负载型NiOγ／-Al2O3吸附剂,在固定床反应装置上对含苯并噻吩的模型化合物进行反应吸附脱硫实验,考察了NiO负载量、模型化合物硫含量及活性组分的形态对吸附剂脱硫性能的影响,并用XRD、SEM—EDS分析、XPS分析对载体和吸附剂进行了表征。实验结果表明：NiOγ／-Al2O3吸附剂具有较高的穿透硫容,能有效脱除模型化合物中的苯并噻吩;反应过程中生成了NiS;C的沉积以及Ni的硫化物的生成导致了吸附剂的失活。     

KH-560交联壳聚糖固载β-环糊精薄膜对硝基苯酚的吸附行为

研究了KH-560交联壳聚糖固载β-环糊精薄膜对4-硝基苯酚、2,4-二硝基苯酚和2,4,6-三硝基苯酚的吸附行为,测定了吸附质浓度、pH、温度和吸附时间对其吸附性能的影响,并进行了热力学拟合。研究结果表明,在中性条件下,298K下吸附4-硝基苯酚在40min时可以达到平衡;随着硝基数目的增加,吸附量增大;随着温度的升高,吸附量减小;吸附过程用Langmuir模型描述更合适。     

废水中汞离子去除方法的研究进展

基于国内外研究文献结合自身最新研究工作,论述了去除工业废水中汞离子的化学沉淀法、微电解混凝沉淀法、吸附法等方法及其作用原理,并分析了各种方法的优缺点;指出了吸附法对含极低浓度汞离子废水的深度处理具有明显的优势。近年来合成的新型导电性聚芳香胺对汞离子初始质量浓度为十至数百mg／L的溶液中汞的去除率在99．99％以上,在含汞工业废水处理中显示出了广阔的应用前景。     

Scaling of spontaneous imbibition data with wettability included

Wettability is a dominant parameter governing spontaneous imbibition. However less attention has been paid to the effect of wettability on the scaling of spontaneous imbibition data. Actually few models can include wettability in scaling of spontaneous imbibition data. To this end, a scaling model has been developed for NAPL (oil)-saturated porous media with different wettability based on the fluid flow mechanisms in porous media. Relative permeability, capillary pressure, initial water saturation, and wettability are considered in the scaling model. Theoretically this scaling model is suitable for both cocurrent and countercurrent spontaneous imbibition. The experimental data of countercurrent spontaneous water imbibition at different wettability cannot be scaled using the frequently used scaling model but can be scaled satisfactorily using the scaling model developed in this study. An analytical solution to the relationship between recovery and imbibition time for linear spontaneous imbibition has also been derived in the case in which gravity is ignored. The analytical solution predicts a linear correlation between the recovery by spontaneous water imbibition and the square root of imbibition time, which has been verified against experimental data.     

脉冲电晕放电降解CFC-113和CCl4

催化降解ＣＦＣ－１３３和ＣＣｌ４难度较大。采用脉冲电晕与吸附相结合,在电晕反应器中加入吸附剂（如γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３）,显著提高了降解效果。实验结果揭示吸附剂的比表面与孔径大小显著影响ＣＦＣ－１１３和ＣＣｌ４的降解反应活性以及副产物臭氧浓度。本研究开发出一种Ａｌ２Ｏ３－Ⅱ吸附剂,它的比表面为９４．４ｍ＾２／ｇ,孔径〈０．５μｍ,当它与高压脉冲电晕放电相结合时,一方面提高了降解率,另一方面抑制了臭氧生成,     

水杨酸及其磺基衍生物在超高交联吸附树脂上的吸附选择性研究

水杨酸及其磺基衍生物（5磺基水杨酸）在超高交联吸附树脂NDA-100和改性超高交联吸附树脂NDA-99上的平衡吸附遵循Freundlich等温方程,拟合结果表明其放热的优惠吸附特征。NDA-100树脂的吸附主要依赖π-π作用,而5-磺基水杨酸在NDA-99上的吸附受静电作用的影响明显。随着双组分体系内5-磺基水杨酸初始浓度的增大,水杨酸在NDA-99上的吸附量减小,而在NDA-100上的吸附量增大。另外对于两种树脂,随着水杨酸初始浓度的增大,5磺基水杨酸的吸附量均减小。吸附作用力的强弱导致溶质组分在树脂活性位点上的直接竞争现象。在5-磺基水杨酸存在的吸附体系内,NDA-100对水杨酸的吸附选择性远远优越于NDA-99。NDA-100串联NDA-99组合吸附工艺可以有效实现水杨酸和5-磺基水杨酸的选择性吸附分离。     

Transport of a decay chain in homogenous porous media: analytical solutions

With the aid of integral transforms, analytical solutions for the transport of a decay chain in homogenous porous media are derived. Unidirectional steady-state flow and radial steady-state flow in single and multiple porosity media are considered. At least in Laplace domain, all solutions can be written in closed analytical formulae. Partly, the solutions can also be inverted analytically. If not, analytical calculation of the steady-state concentration distributions, evaluation of temporal moments and numerical inversion are still possible. Formulae for several simple boundary conditions are given and visualized in this paper. The derived novel solutions are widely applicable and are very useful for the validation of numerical transport codes.     

Pore structure and adsorption properties of carbonized material prepared from waste paper

We have already reported the adsorptivity and pore structure of activated carbon made from waste newspaper in order to use the waste paper for purposes other than paper-making stock. However, manufacturing the activated carbon may not necessarily be an advantageous method based on environmental concerns and the effective use of the resource because the reaction during the activating process is endothermic and the amount of carbon consumed is significant. Here, we examine the pore structure and adsorption properties of waste newspaper used as an adsorbent in the form of a carbonized material. Waste newspaper was carbonized for 2 h in the temperature range 400°–1000°C. The specific surface area of the carbonized material obtained, 418 m²/g, was highest for the sample carbonized at 800°C, which was equal to or greater than that of commercially available charcoal. Moreover, the iodine adsorption number of 581 mg/g was the highest and the rate of adsorption was the fastest for the sample carbonized at 800°C. However, the humidity control capability was highest for the material carbonized at 600°–700°C. It has been determined that it is advantageous to carbonize waste paper at 800°C in order to use the carbonized material as an adsorbent, while carbonization at 600°–700°C is more advantageous for use as a humidity control material. Received: June 23, 2000 / Accepted: January 17, 2001     

AT-SS复合颗粒吸附剂的制备和除铅性能研究

通过颗粒吸附剂在含铅溶液中的振荡实验,研究了凹凸棒石粘土的钢渣,水泥,石英砂制得的多种复合颗粒吸附剂的附铅性能制备条件,确定出最佳颗粒吸附剂为ＡＴ－ＳＳ,混合比为５：１,７００℃下焙烧１２０ｍｉｎ,对铅的静态吸附容量高达５００ｍｇ／ｇ以上,动态吸附容量为６０ｍｇ／ｇ。     

Synthesis of porous iron hydroxy phosphate from phosphate residue and its application as a Fenton-like catalyst for dye degradation

Phosphate residue is a kind of hazardous solid waste and if not properly disposed of, could cause serious environmental contaminations. The abundant iron salt available in phosphate residue can be used to prepare photo-Fenton catalytic reagent for wastewater treatment. In this study, the phosphate residue was effectively purified by a hydrothermal recrystallization method, reaching an iron phosphate purity of 94.2%. The particles of iron phosphate were further processed with ball milling with th...