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61.
62.
海藻酸钠-钙-铁凝胶球对Cr_2O_7~(2-)吸附的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本实验对海藻酸钠在氯化钙、氯化铁溶液中的成球特性,以及对SA-Ca、SA-Fe、SA-Ca-Fe凝胶球吸附Cr2O72-特性进行了研究。结果表明,SA-Ca凝胶球对Cr2O72-没有吸附能力,SA-Fe和SA-Ca-Fe凝胶球对Cr2O72-去除率均达到97%以上,但SA-Fe凝胶球成球性差,机械强度低,易碎。SA-Ca-Fe凝胶球吸附Cr2O72-符合Langmuir型,其最大吸附量为13.497mg/g。吸附属于单分子层吸附,凝胶球网络中的Fe3+与溶液中Cr2O72-发生化学反应,生成Fe2(Cr2O7)3。 相似文献
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Characteristics and applications of controlled-release KMnO4 for groundwater remediation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) using potassium permanganate (KMnO4) has been widely used as a practical approach for remediation of groundwater contaminated by chlorinated solvents like trichloroethylene. The most common applications are active flushing schemes, which target the destruction of some contaminant source by injecting concentrated permanganate (MnO4(-)) solution into the subsurface over a short period of time. Despite many promising results, KMnO4 flushing is often frustrated by inefficiency associated with pore plugging by MnO2 and bypassing. Opportunities exist for the development of new ISCO systems based on KMnO4. The new scheme described in this paper uses controlled-release KMnO4 (CRP) as an active component in the well-based reactive barrier system. This scheme operates to control spreading of a dissolved contaminant plume. Prototype CRP was manufactured by dispersing fine KMnO4 granules in liquid crystal polymer resin matrix. Scanning electron microscope data verified the formation of micro-scale (ID=20-200 microm) secondary capillary permeability through which MnO4(-) is released by a reaction-diffusion process. Column and numerical simulation data indicated that the CRP could deliver MnO4(-) in a controlled manner for several years without replenishment. A proof-of-concept flow-tank experiment and model simulations suggested that the CRP scheme could potentially be developed as a practical approach for in situ remediation of contaminated aquifers. This scheme may be suitable for remediation of sites where accessibility is limited or some low-concentration contaminant plume is extensive. Development of delivery systems that can facilitate lateral spreading and mixing of MnO4(-) with the contaminant plume is warranted. 相似文献
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Jochen Oexmann Christian Hensel Alfons Kather 《International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control》2008,2(4):539
The simulation tool ASPEN Plus® is used to model the full CO2-capture process for chemical absorption of CO2 by piperazine-promoted potassium carbonate (K2CO3/PZ) and the subsequent CO2-compression train. Sensitivity analysis of lean loading, desorber pressure and CO2-capture rate are performed for various solvent compositions to evaluate the optimal process parameters. EbsilonProfessional® is used to model a 600 MWel (gross) hard coal-fired power plant. Numerical equations for power losses due to steam extraction for solvent regeneration are derived from simulation runs. The results of the simulation campaigns are used to find the process parameters that show the lowest specific power loss. Subsequently, absorber and desorber columns are dimensioned to evaluate investment costs for these main components of the CO2-capture process. Regeneration heat duty, net efficiency losses and column investment costs are then compared to the reference case of CO2-capture by monoethanolamine (MEA).CO2-capture by piperazine-promoted potassium carbonate with subsequent CO2-compression to 110 bar shows energetic advantages over the reference process which uses MEA. Additionally, investment costs for the main components in the CO2-capture process (absorber and desorber columns) are lower due to the enhanced reaction kinetics of the investigated K2CO3/PZ solvent which leads to smaller component sizes. 相似文献
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Mineral dust,soil,and sea salt aerosols are among the most abundant primary inorganic aerosols in the atmosphere,and their hygroscopicity affects the hydrological cycle and global climate.We investigated the hygroscopic behaviors of six Na-and K-containing salts commonly found in those primary organic aerosols.Their hygroscopic growths as a function of relative humidity(RH) agree well with thermodynamic model prediction.Temperature dependence of deliquescence RH(DRH) values for five of those sal... 相似文献
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为加强大型蚤急性毒性试验的质量控制,采用重铬酸钾作为参考毒物分析了不同日龄母蚤所产幼蚤的毒性效应变化。研究发现,在大型蚤急性毒性试验中,对于在11~56日龄期间的母蚤,以35日龄母蚤所产幼蚤对重铬酸钾的敏感度最高,47日龄母蚤所产幼蚤的敏感度最低。在一定范围内,提高稀释水硬度可显著降低大型蚤对重铬酸钾的敏感度。重铬酸钾的24h-EC 50值的实验室精密度以29~42日龄母蚤组所产幼蚤最好,其次为15~28日龄母蚤组;经t检验,大于42日龄母蚤组所产幼蚤对重铬酸钾24h-EC 50值与15~28日龄母蚤组有显著性差异(P<0.05),与29~42日龄母蚤组有高度显著性差异(P<0.01),表明以20℃为大型蚤培养温度时,大型蚤毒性试验宜选用15~42天母蚤所产幼蚤。进行大型蚤急性毒性试验时,应定期使用参考毒物检查毒性试验的实验精密度并运用质量控制图来验证持续的实验室能力。 相似文献
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The study evaluated the effects of land use on the forms of potassium in the coastal plain sands (CPS) landscape of southeastern Nigeria. It was observed that both land use and topography did not influence the distribution of different forms of potassium. Mineral constituted approximately 97.4%, whereas non-exchangeable (1.9%) and readily available (0.7%) forms represented 2.6% of total potassium. The relationships established between reserve, exchangeable and soluble indicated the origin of readily available potassium. Mineral form of potassium associated directly with clay, electrical conductivity, organic matter, sodium and acidity, but indirectly with sand, pH and base saturation. Reserve and fixed potassium each associated with organic matter, whereas fixed form additionally associated with sand and clay. Clay increases the tendencies for the release of potassium, whereas sand acts on the contrary including leaching losses. The study confirmed that organic matter, particle size fractions, extent of weathering and soil development influence the dynamics of potassium within the landscape of CPS of southeastern Nigeria. 相似文献