高铁酸钾对微生物生长及污泥理化特性的影响

工业废水中往往含有有毒、难降解有机污染物,生物处理很难达到理想的效果,通常需与物化法联用.通过研究高铁酸钾对微生物生长代谢的影响,以期为高铁酸钾氧化法与生物处理法在同一反应器中实现提供有用参数.首先研究了高铁酸钾对微生物生长的影响,结果表明高铁酸钾浓度小于60mg/L时在微生物生长阶段的停滞期初期就分解完全,低浓度高铁酸钾对微生物生长没有不利影响甚至具有促进作用.然后考察了高铁酸钾对CODCr去除率和污泥理化特性的影响,结果表明高铁酸钾浓度为41.5mg/L时,CODCr去除率达到最大值,该浓度下,污泥的沉降性变好,与不加高铁酸钾的情况相比,SV值较低,MLSS和MLVSS明显增加.     

高铁酸钾氧化去除水中三氯生的研究

采用高铁酸钾对水中三氯生（TCS）的去除进行了研究,探讨了TCS的降解机理,考察了高铁酸钾投加量、pH值、天然有机物（NOM）和双氧水等因素对TCS去除和中间产物2,4-二氯苯酚（2,4-DCP）生成的影响.结果表明：TCS通过醚键断裂降解生成2,4-DCP,TCS浓度为550μg/L,高铁酸钾浓度为15mg/L时,600s后TCS去除率可达96.48%.增加高铁酸钾投加量可以提高TCS的去除,TCS的去除率随pH值升高呈现出降低的趋势,酸性环境有利于TCS的去除,pH值为4时,TCS的去除达100%,腐殖酸和双氧水对TCS的去除有抑制作用.高铁酸钾可以有效降解TCS并降低溶液的急毒性,降低水质健康风险.     

高铁酸钾的制备及其在水处理中的应用前景

水污染已经成为全球高度重视的一个环境污染问题,严重影响着人们的生活、工作和学习,所以现在急需一种良好的水处理剂。高铁酸钾是一种环境友好型多功能水处理剂,并且集氧化、吸附、絮凝、助凝、杀菌、除臭为一体。具有高效、无毒、无害等优点,因此在水处理中具有很好的应用前景。但由于其自身水溶液的不稳定性。大大限制了它的应用。     

快速法与重铬酸钾回流法测定CODcr的比较

通过回流法测定CODcr分析方法与快速法分别对不同水质类型的水样同时测定分析,找出了两者间存在的一些相关性规律.     

Interaction between cadmium,lead and potassium fertilizer (K<Subscript>2</Subscript>SO<Subscript>4</Subscript>) in a soil-plant system

A pot experiment was conducted to examine the influence of potassium (K) fertilizer (K₂SO₄) application on the phytoavailability and speciation distribution of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in soil. Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was selected as the test plant. There were seven treatments including single and combined contamination of Cd and Pb. CdCl₂·2.5 H₂O and Pb(NO₃)₂ were added to the soil at the following dosages: Cd + Pb = 0.00 + 0.00, 5.00 + 0.00, 25.0 + 0.00, 0.00 + 500, 0.00 + 1000, 5.00 + 500 and 25.0 + 1000 mg kg⁻¹, denoted by CK, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6, respectively. The K fertilizer had five levels: 0.00, 50.0, 100, 200 and 400 mg K₂O kg⁻¹ soil, denoted by K0, K1, K2, K3 and K4, respectively. The results showed that the K fertilizer promoted the dry weight (DW) of wheat in all treatments and alleviated the contamination by Cd and Pb. The application of K₂SO₄ reduced the uptake of Cd in different parts including roots, haulms and grains of wheat; the optimum dosage was the K2 level. K supply resulted in a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in the soluble plus exchangeable (SE) fraction of Cd and there was a negative correlation (not significant, P > 0.05) between the levels of K and the SE fraction of Cd in soil. The application of the K fertilizer could obviously restrain the uptake of Pb by wheat and there were significant (P < 0.05) negative correlations between the concentrations of Pb in grains and the levels of K in soil. K supply resulted in a decrease in the SE fraction of Pb (except the K1 level) from the K0 to K4 levels. At the same time, the application of the K fertilizer induced a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in the weakly specifically adsorbed (WSA) fraction of Pb and a significant (P < 0.05) increase in the bound to Fe–Mn oxides (OX) fraction of Pb. At different K levels, the concentration of Pb in the roots, haulms and grains had a positive correlation with the SE (not significant, P > 0.05) and WSA (significant, P < 0.05) fractions of Pb in the soil. All the K application levels in this experiment reduced the phytoavailability of Cd and Pb. Thus, it is feasible to apply K fertilizer (K₂SO₄) to alleviate contamination by Cd and/or Pb in soil. Moreover, the level of K application should be considered to obtain an optimal effect with the minimum dosage.     

高铁酸盐去除水中消毒副产物前体物的研究

对含藻类水采用高铁酸盐强化混凝去除消毒副产物及其前体物的影响因素与预氯化进行了对比 ,结果表明 :投加 0 .42、0 .84、1 .40mg/L的高铁酸盐再与 30mg/L的聚合铝联用 ,对TOC为 6 .2mg/L的含藻类源水强化混凝的TOC去除率分别为 2 9.8%、32 .6 %、33 .5 % ,比单纯投加 50mg/L的聚合铝都高 ,显示高铁酸盐在一定用量范围内用量越大 ,强化混凝对TOC的去除率也越高 ;当高铁酸盐投加量一定时 ,水样的 pH值在 5～ 6之间时 ,强化混凝对TOC的去除率最高 ;高铁酸盐强化混凝的效果比预氯化好 ,并且产生THMS的量明显比预氯化少 ,是一种可取代预氯化对含藻类水处理的新药剂。     

两种方法测定地表水总氮结果的探讨

本文使用碱性过硫酸钾消解紫外分光光度法(HJ636-2012)和流动注射-盐酸萘乙二胺分光光度法(HJ668-2013)2种方法对地表水总氮进行对比分析测试,结果显示:流动注射-盐酸萘乙二胺分光光度法测定结果小于碱性过硫酸钾消解紫外分光光度法的测定值。同时对该结果进行了原因分析,为地表水总氮测定方法的选择具有参考价值。     

多功能高铁酸盐去除饮用水中砷的研究

利用高铁酸盐的氧化絮凝双重水处理功能,取代氧化铁盐法,对其氧化除砷效果进行了评价.考察了高铁酸盐除砷的适宜pH值范围、氧化时间和絮凝时间,定性和定量分析了盐度、硬度等因素对高铁酸盐除砷效果的影响.结果表明,高铁酸盐与砷浓度比为15∶1,最佳pH为5.5～7.5,适宜的氧化时间为10min,絮凝时间为30min,处理后的水样中砷残留量可达到国家饮用水标准;盐度和硬度不干扰除砷过程.与传统的铁盐法和氧化铁盐法对比,此方法简便,高效,无二次污染,更有利于饮用水的清洁化除砷.     

The application of potassium ferrate for sewage treatment

The comparative performance of potassium ferrate(VI), ferric sulphate and aluminium sulphate for the removal of turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), colour (as Vis400-abs) and bacteria in sewage treatment was evaluated. For coagulation and disinfection of sewage, potassium ferrate(VI) can remove more organic contaminants, COD and bacteria in comparison with the other two coagulants for the same doses used. Also, potassium ferrate(VI) produces less sludge volume and removes more contaminants, which should make subsequent sludge treatment easier.     

高铁酸钾降解苯胺废水的机制研究

研究了高铁酸钾投加量、初始pH及苯胺初始浓度对苯胺降解效果的影响.结果表明.苯胺废水的COD去除事随高铁酸钾投加量和苯胺初始浓度的增大而升高,而初始pH对COD去除率影响不明显.对高铁酸钾降解苯胺废水后的产物进行了气相色谱/质谱(GCIMS)分析.在此基础上详细探讨了高铁酸钾降解苯胺的机制.