旱地长期施用锌肥对小麦吸锌及产量的影响

以17年的微量元素肥料定位试验为背景，研究了长期施用锌肥条件下小麦的需锌特点和增产效应。施人锌肥后，小麦对微量元素锌的吸收明显增加，籽粒中含锌量增加率为18．8％，秸秆含锌量增加率为41．1％。小麦吸锌量在收获期达最大值，收获期籽粒多吸收13．99g/hm^2，秸秆多吸收23．67g/hm^2，常态年锌肥增产率为4．3％。干旱年增产率为3．7％，丰水年增产率为4．1％。应根据小麦需锌特点和效应，合理施用锌肥。     

三江平原泥炭地微量元素垂直分布特征

采用冬季采样，现场分层的方法，系统地研究了三江平原河床-河漫滩型泥炭地和谷底洼地型泥炭地微量营养元素和有益元素的垂直分布特征。结果表明，微量营养元素Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、B和有益元素Ni、Sr、Ti、V、Co均有在G层急剧积累的趋势，Fe、Mn、B、Zn、Ti、Sr质量分数在Ase层明显高于泥炭层，某些微量元素间具有显著的相关性。     

Elemental composition of surface waters in the Antarctic Peninsula and interactions with the environment

The fast changes in chemical and biological properties of many coastal and inland waters in the last decades reflect the pressure of man on the environment. The surface waters of the Antarctic Peninsula, located far from industrial or populated areas, could eventually be used as background lines. Surface water samples were taken from five lagoons of King George Island, Antarctic Peninsula, and from the Kitiesh Lake. Sample pH and electrical conductivity were analysed in situ and in the laboratory, respectively. The dissolved fractions were analysed in 1997 and 1998. Total concentrations only for 1998 were determined in another fraction adjusted to pH 2. Aluminium, Ca, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Cd, Sn, Sb, Ba, Bi, and Pb were quantified in all samples by means of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Total and dissolved elemental concentrations were discussed considering the composition of particulate material suspended in the waters removed by streams or by water runoff, or from atmospheric aerosols. Concentrations of dissolved elements change from one lagoon to another. Total and dissolved elemental concentrations could be related to water movement by windstorms, to chemical mechanisms in water and/or to natural and anthropogenic atmospheric factors.     

ICP-MS法对国标小麦粉中15种稀土元素的定值研究

本文报道采用HNO_3+HClO_4溶样,小麦粉标样GBW 08503中15种超痕量稀土元素定值的ICP-MS应用研究.选择了仪器最佳操作参数.选用Re作内标可补偿基体效应.方法检出限为0.007—0.026ng·ml~(-1)加标回收率为95—103%.RSD为2.5—48%,方法快速、灵敏、准确.     

Pattern of distribution of selected trace elements in the marine brown alga,Sargassum filipendula Ag. from Sri Lanka

Baseline concentrations together with biological variations of 29 trace elements (Ag, As, Au, Ba, Br, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Eu, Fe, Hf, I, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Sm, Sr, Tb, Th, Yb, Zn and Zr) were investigated in the brown alga, Sargassum filipendula collected from the western coast of Sri Lanka. Several elements (Co, Cr, Fe, Hf, Ni, Sc, Se, Th, Zr and the rare earth elements) were found to be enriched in S. filipendula compared to NIES No. 9 Sargasso reference material. Concentration of strontium in S. filipendula was highest at all sites. Chemical abundance of the rare earth elements decreased approximately linearly with increasing atomic numbers. The pattern of elemental distribution appears to be due to the fact that S. filipendula seems capable of concentrating high levels of trace elements under conditions of their very low availability in sea water. Concentration factors for elements in S. filipendula lie in a higher range compared with those reported in the literaure for brown algae.     

云南元谋干热河谷区不同岩土类型荒山植被恢复研究

云南元谋干热河谷周低山区不同岩土组成的坡地的土壤水份环境差异较大，因而植被恢复模式应有区别，砾石层阶地丘陵坡地壤水分环境最为湿润，适宜恢复较完密的森林植被；片岩和半成岩砂砾岩低山坡地次之，适宜恢复疏林灌草植被；泥岩低山坡地最差，适宜恢复稀树灌草植被。     

大连地区珍稀濒危植物的调查

根据已定的珍稀濒危植物的标准与原则，对大连地区的植物进行了的复的筛选，对被步认定为珍稀濒危的植物种进行实地调查与研究，最后确定了大连地区珍稀濒危植物为四大类６８种。提出了应对这些珍稀濒危植物保护的措施与对策 ，并阐述了这些植物保护的重要意义。     

中国癌症与土壤环境中化学元素的相关性研究

利用土壤元素数据2069448个，癌死亡调查资料787080例，研究了胃癌、食管癌、肝癌、宫颈癌、肺癌、大肠癌、白血病、鼻咽癌、乳腺癌死亡与人群生存的土壤环境中64个元素的相关性。得出了这些癌症死亡率与哪些元素呈正、负相关的统计结果。     

无机离子SO_4~(2-)对小麦幼苗积累稀土的影响

采用ＭＩＮＴＥＱＡ 程序计算出在无机离子ＳＯ２－４ 存在下，轻（Ｌａ）、中（Ｇｄ）、重（Ｙ）３ 种稀土元素在溶液中的形态分布．研究了在水培条件下ＳＯ２－４ 对３种稀土元素在小麦幼苗根、茎和叶部的积累规律．热力学实验表明，小麦幼苗在加ＳＯ２－４ 的稀土元素溶液中培养３０ｄ 后，小麦根部对Ｌａ、Ｇｄ 的积累受抑制，而对Ｙ的积累却明显提高；加入ＳＯ２－４ 后茎叶部对Ｌａ、Ｙ积累值改变不明显，但对Ｇｄ的积累有所增加．生长动态实验表明，在ＳＯ２－４ 存在下，小麦幼苗根部对稀土的积累随时间增加而增加，其积累值符合线性递增函数方程，相关系数ｒ＞ ０．９４；而茎叶部最初积累能力较强，ＳＯ２－４ 的加入对小麦植株动态吸收稀土规律无明显影响．