实时荧光定量PCR法快速测定水中微囊藻

以铜绿微囊藻（Microcystis aeruginosa）16S rRNA基因片段为靶序列设计一对特异性引物,采用Real-time PCR法,对铜绿微囊藻进行定性、定量检测。试验表明,仅含铜绿微囊藻DNA模板的样品有特异性扩增,扩增产物熔解曲线平稳,峰尖且窄,熔解温度为（87±1）℃。以重组质粒pMD-18T-16S为标准品,检测区间为1．1×102 copies/mL～1．1×108 copies/mL,所得标准曲线符合制备实时定量PCR标准曲线的要求,对标准品进行测定,方法检出限为11 copies/mL。用该标准曲线对实验室培养获得的铜绿微囊藻DNA样品进行定量检测,与显微镜计数结果基本一致。     

Development and use of site-specific chemical and biological criteria for assessing New Bedford Harbor pilot dredging project

Numerical site-specific chemical and biological criteria were established to assess the impact of a pilot dredging project on water quality at the New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts, USA, Superfund site. Because most existing chemical concentrations in the water column and indigenous biota exceeded federal and state water quality limits, the derivation of site-specific criteria was required. Prior to any operational phases of the project (i.e., dike construction, dredging), criteria values were developed from background concentrations of PCBs and metals in water and biota, as well as for the toxic effects of water quality on the biota. During each operational phase of the project, water samples were collected, analyzed within 16 h, and the data supplied to a management committee in order to assess the environmental impact of the previous days' operation. The ambient unfiltered water concentration of PCBs and metals were the only chemical or biological criteria exceeded. Modification of the next days' operations resulted in a return of these concentrations to background levels. The combined use of site-specific criteria and a real-time decision making management process allowed for successful completion of this project with a minimal effect on water quality.