H2O2预氧化对负载铁制备污泥炭基催化剂效能的影响

以城市污水厂二沉池污泥为原料,考察了不同H_2O_2投加量下污泥预氧化对铁负载污泥形成前驱体及其热解后制得炭基催化剂性能的影响,研究了污泥预氧化对强化铁负载制备均一分散型污泥炭基催化剂的机理.结果表明,污泥预氧化促进了污泥细胞破解,降低了絮体颗粒粒径和表面Zeta电位,使铁负载量增加、铁活性位点在污泥载体上的分散性明显增强,形成炭基催化剂保持着高催化活性,其稳定性显著增加.对模拟含铬黑T染料废水的多相芬顿降解试验说明,当污泥预氧化H_2O_2投加量为2.25%时制备的炭基催化剂,其反应120 min后铬黑T的降解率为91%,略低于未预氧化时污泥炭基催化剂的降解效率(96%);但未预氧化炭基催化剂其反应后溶液中铁离子的溶出量(18.9%)远高于预氧化后形成的催化剂(2.5%),且后者循环3次对铬黑T的降解率仍可达到86%,表现出较强的稳定性.     

Using a biological aerated filter to treat mixed water-borne volatile organic compounds and assessing its emissions

A biological aerated filter (BAF) was evaluated as a fixed-biofilm process to remove water-borne volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from a multiple layer ceramic capacitor (MLCC) manufacturing plant in southern Taiwan. The components of VOC were identified to be toluene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, bromodichloromethane and isopropanol (IPA). The full-scale BAF was constructed of two separate reactors in series, respectively, using 10- and 15-cm diameter polypropylene balls as the packing materials and a successful preliminary bench-scale experiment was performed to feasibility. Experimental results show that the BAF removed over 90% chemical oxygen demand (COD) from the influent with (1188 605) mg/L of COD. A total organic loading of 2.76 kg biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)/(m3 packing d) was determined for the packed bed, in which the flow pattern approached that of a mixed flow. A limited VOC concentration of (0.97 0.29) ppmv (as methane) was emitted from the BAF system. Moreover, the emission rate of VOC was calculated using the proposed formula, based on an air-water mass equilibrium relationship, and compared to the simulated results obtained using the Water 9 model. Both estimation approaches of calculation and model simulation revealed that 0.1% IPA (0.0031–0.0037 kg/d) were aerated into a gaseous phase, and 30% to 40% (0.006–0.008 kg/d) of the toluene were aerated.     

上海市水体富营养化及洗涤剂中磷的影响研究

针对上海市水体污染状况进行调查研究,结果表明,上海市主要水体苏州河和黄浦江有机污染日益严重,其中苏州河TP 0.6mg/L、TN 10.06mg/L,黄浦江TP 0.23mg/L、TN 4.03mg/L,超标较严重,存在发生富营养化的条件,根据国内外经验和上海的相关资料估算,洗涤剂中的磷占总磷负荷的6.82％。     

油气膜分离回收技术在汽油装车系统的应用

炼化企业油气回收作为一种清洁生产工艺,具有较好的应用前景。2006年5月,哈尔滨石化公司建成应用膜分离技术的油气回收装置,并将该技术应用于汽油装车系统。经过现场评价,装置处理能力为650m~3/h时,油气排放浓度为14 g/m~3,油气处理效率达97%,均满足《储油库大气污染物排放标准》(GB 20950 -2007)的要求。     

建筑荷载下土质洞室地基稳定性的数值分析

随着地面与地下空间的综合开发利用日趋增多,地面建筑与地下工程的冲突及由此所引发的灾害也日益增多。如在既有洞室上修建建筑(开洞地基)或在既有建筑下开挖地下洞室(地基开洞)所引起的地下洞室有害变形及地基破坏,已成为地面与地下工程建设中亟待解决的突出问题。为此,本文结合工程实例,基于大型有限元软件ABAQU S,采用加载系数法和强度折减法,分别对开洞地基与地基开洞后建筑物下土质洞室地基的破坏过程与整体稳定性进行了有限元数值模拟;在此基础上,针对不同的地面加载方式与洞室埋深,采用强度折减法与加载系数法对开洞地基开展了弹塑性有限元数值计算与分析,得出了一些规律性认识,以期为相关工程建设及地下工程防灾减灾提供参考。