Medium ‐ pressure ‐ liquid ‐ extraction (MPLE) of selected polychlorinated biphenyls from soil (MPLE II) 1

The extraction of PCBs from spiked soils using the Medium‐Pressure Liquid‐Extraction method showed good recovery rates. Comparison of MPLE and Soxhlet extraction of naturally contaminated soil showed similar results. However, too large quantities of solvents have to be used in MPLE procedure and the elution profile makes it unlikely, that the aspired separation from PAHs would be sufficient.     

Green thermal analysis for predicting thermal hazard of storage and transportation safety for tert-butyl peroxybenzoate

Liquid organic peroxides, such as tert-butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB), have been widely employed in the petrifaction industry as a polymerization formation agent. This study investigated the thermokinetic parameters of TBPB by isothermal kinetic algorithms and non-isothermal kinetic equations, using thermal activity monitor III (TAM III) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively. Simulations of 0.5 L, 25 kg, 55 gallon, and 400 kg reactors in liquid thermal explosion models were performed and compared to the results in the literature. A green thermal analysis was developed for a reactor containing TBPB to prevent pollution and reduce the energy consumption by thermal decomposition. It is based on the thermal hazard properties, such as the heat of decomposition (ΔH_d), activation energy (E_a), self-accelerating decomposition temperature (SADT), control temperature (CT), emergency temperature (ET), and critical temperature (TCR). From the experimental results, the optimal conditions to avoid violent runaway reactions during the storage and transportation of TBPB were determined.     

探究水质环境监测技术和仪器的发展

文章对近些年来的简易现场水质检测、水质自动监测等水质环境监测技术和仪器发展以及中间存在的问题作出了初步的分析,对国际上以及国内的一些水质环境监测技术的经验和成果进行了总结,对未来此技术的发展方向和重点指明了方向。     

电除尘器高压脉冲供电收尘技术研究

介绍了脉冲供电研究概况 ,脉冲供电原理及收尘试验等 ,这种脉冲供电是在低压端产生脉冲 ,升压整流后形成脉冲供电 ,脉冲幅值是基础直流的 1～ 4倍 ,且可调。它具有构思独特、造价低 ,简单实用等特点。实验结果表明 ,在基本上保持同工况条件下 ,脉冲供电比直流供电降低出口烟气含尘浓度 3 0 .5 %～ 74.4%。     

铸造落砂工部粉尘污染与治理

阐述了铸造落砂工部粉尘的产生及对环境的污染．通过沈阳第一机床厂铸造车间大型工段除尘改造，介绍了利用密闭式除尘罩对落砂机进行除尘及选择适合的集尘装置，组成合理的除尘系统，取得了较好的除尘效果．还介绍了对灰尘的排放加强管理，设计了升降式卸灰溜槽，指定专用罐车外运灰尘，使环境得到了净化．     

应用pH—ORP计自动控制液氯氧化含氰废水

排放量较大的含氰电镀废水,在碱性氯化法处理中以液氯为氧化剂,用PH—ORP计自动控制反应条件和反应终点。该方法自动化程度高,处理效果较好,运行费用低。     

Developing a CFD heat transfer model for applying high expansion foam in an LNG spill

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is widely used to cost-effectively store and transport natural gas. However, a spill of LNG can create a vapor cloud, which can potentially cause fire and explosion. High expansion (HEX) foam is recommended by the NFPA 11 to mitigate the vapor hazard and control LNG pool fire. In this study, the parameters that affect HEX foam performance were examined using lab-scale testing of foam temperature profile and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling of heat transfer in vapor channels. A heat transfer model using ANSYS Fluent® was developed to estimate the minimum HEX foam height that allows the vapors from LNG spillage to disperse rapidly. We also performed a sensitivity analysis on the effect of the vaporization rate, the diameter of the vapor channel, and the heat transfer coefficient on the required minimum height of the HEX foam. It can be observed that at least 1.2 m of HEX foam in height are needed to achieve risk mitigation in a typical situation. The simulation results can be used not only for understanding the heat transfer mechanisms when applying HEX foam but also for suggesting to the LNG facility operator how much HEX foam they need for effective risk mitigation under different conditions.     

A new technique helps to uncover unknown peptides and disinfection by-products in water

正Environmental water samples can be extremely complex,with potentially thousands of molecules that can derive from natural organic matter(NOM)and thousands that derive from anthropogenic contaminants.As complex as these samples are,drinking water can be even more complex.Due to disinfectants that are used to treat drinking water(e.g.,chlorine,chloramines,     

黄河水中沉积物与锌、镉液-固界面的作用

研究了黄河水中沉积物与重金属污染物Zn^2 、Cd^ 的离子交换吸附作用。结果表明,Zn^2 、Cd^2 在黄河水中主要以M（OH）^ 的形式与沉积物进行－价阳离子交换反应;在天然黄河水pH范围内,Zn^2 、Cd^2 的离子交换率都大于70％;随温度升高,Zn^2 、Cd^2 与沉积物的交换率增加,E-pH曲线向pH值减小的方向位移。     

Influence of humic fractions on retention of isoproturon residues in two Moroccan soils

The influence of different fractions of soil organic matter on the retention of the herbicide isoproturon (IPU) has been evaluated. Water and methanol extractable residues of ¹⁴C labeled isoproturon have been determined in two Moroccan soils by β -counting–liquid chromatography. The quantification of bound residues in soil and in different fractions of soil humic substances has been performed using pyrolysis/scintillation-detected gas-chromatography. Microbial mineralization of the herbicide and soil organic matter has been also monitored. Retention of isoproturon residues after 30-days incubation ranged from 22% to 32% (non-extractable fraction). The radioactivity extracted in an aqueous environment was from 20% to 33% of the amount used for the treatment; meanwhile, methanol was able to extract another 48%. Both soils showed quantities of bound residues into the humin fraction higher than humic and fulvic acids. The total amount of residues retained into the organic matter of the soils was about 65 % of non-extractable fraction, and this percentage did not change with incubation time; on the contrary, the sorption rate of the retention reaction is mostly influenced by the clay fraction and organic content of the soil. Only a little part of the herbicide was mineralized during the experimental time.