道路交通噪声自动监测中最少监测时间研究

以城市主干线为例,对长期道路交通噪声自动监测数据进行统计分析,得出道路交通噪声实施噪声自动监测时应采用的小时最少监测时间、日昼夜最少监测小时、季最少监测天数和年最少监测天数。     

煤矿安全地理信息系统的研究进展及发展趋势

地理信息系统（GIS）作为目前发展最迅速的高新技术之一,在各个应用领域正在得到广泛的应用。煤矿安全GIS是描述、存储、分析、决策和输出矿井空间地理信息系统的一门技术。以煤矿安全管理为研究对象,总结了煤矿安全GIS的研究现状,并对其进行分类,分析认为,现阶段煤矿安全GIS主要有四个类型。并对这四个类型煤矿安全GIS的不足之处进行了详细的阐述。在此基础上提出并分析了了当前煤矿安全GIS中螈待解决的三个问题。研究表明：三维煤矿安全GIS和嵌入专家决策支持系统的新型煤矿安全GIS是今后一段时间内煤矿安全GIS的两个主要研究方向。结论对煤矿安全管理和煤矿安全GIS的进一步研究提供一定的参考。     

高寒地区雷达装备保障问题研究

目的研究破解高寒地区雷达装备保障问题的对策。方法采取查阅文献、实地查看、实装操作等方法分析研究高寒地区环境对雷达装备保障的影响。结果从打牢基础、精心保障;未雨绸缪、超前保障;紧贴实战、专项保障;机关指导,高效保障四方面,提出了破解高寒地区雷达装备保障问题的对策。结论高寒地区环境因素影响降低了雷达装备环境适应性,降低了其原有的作战效能。研究分析结果将对预防高寒地区雷达装备故障、延长装备服役年限,提高装备保障水平和作战能力,有着重要的现实意义。     

Analysis on research trends with dust explosions by bibliometric approach

Highly destructive combustible dust explosions, which is prone to cause secondary explosion, has been a concern in industrial processes. To understand the current development and status of research on dust explosions, 1276 publications related to dust explosions from 1998 to 2021 were indexed through the Web of Science Core Collection database. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to visualize and analyze the collected literature information. The number of articles related to dust explosions has increased from 12 in 1998 to 191 in 2021. China, the United States, and Canada are the major contributors in this field. Dalhousie University, Beijing Institute of Technology, and Dalian University of Technology are at the core of dust explosion research. Wei Gao, Paul Amyotte, and Chi-Min Shu are the most prolific researchers. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, Powder Technology, and Process Safety and Environmental Protection are the major sources of publications related to dust explosions. The research topic of dust explosions mainly evolves into four aspects: explosion characteristics and influencing factors, research media, explosion suppression, and numerical simulation. New research hotspots have appeared related to gas–dust hybrid mixtures, nanomaterials, and powder suppressants. The results can help researchers in the dust explosion field to quickly determine the research frontier and the overall situation.     

The missing pieces for better future predictions in subarctic ecosystems: A Torneträsk case study

Arctic and subarctic ecosystems are experiencing substantial changes in hydrology, vegetation, permafrost conditions, and carbon cycling, in response to climatic change and other anthropogenic drivers, and these changes are likely to continue over this century. The total magnitude of these changes results from multiple interactions among these drivers. Field measurements can address the overall responses to different changing drivers, but are less capable of quantifying the interactions among them. Currently, a comprehensive assessment of the drivers of ecosystem changes, and the magnitude of their direct and indirect impacts on subarctic ecosystems, is missing. The Torneträsk area, in the Swedish subarctic, has an unrivalled history of environmental observation over 100 years, and is one of the most studied sites in the Arctic. In this study, we summarize and rank the drivers of ecosystem change in the Torneträsk area, and propose research priorities identified, by expert assessment, to improve predictions of ecosystem changes. The research priorities identified include understanding impacts on ecosystems brought on by altered frequency and intensity of winter warming events, evapotranspiration rates, rainfall, duration of snow cover and lake-ice, changed soil moisture, and droughts. This case study can help us understand the ongoing ecosystem changes occurring in the Torneträsk area, and contribute to improve predictions of future ecosystem changes at a larger scale. This understanding will provide the basis for the future mitigation and adaptation plans needed in a changing climate.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s13280-020-01381-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

生态文明视阈下公民环境教育的文化价值思考

生态文明建设要有坚实的公民环境教育作支撑。公民环境教育的文化价值是环境教育价值的内在表现形式之一。作为生态文明建设的重要组成部分,环境教育与生态文明建设有着不可断裂的天然的关系。生态文明建设需要环境教育的文化价值体现。环境教育的文化价值能够促进生态文化的生成与人文资源的开发,能够发挥环境教育的文化选择与批判功能,促进价值观念转型,能够发挥环境教育的文化传播功能,促进人文理性精神的活化。     

Nitrate in shallow groundwater in typical agricultural and forest ecosystems in China, 2004-2010

The nitrate-nitrogen(NO 3-N) concentrations from shallow groundwater wells situated in 29 of the Chinese Ecosystem Research Network field stations,representing typical agroand forest ecosystems,were assessed using monitoring data collected between 2004 and 2010.Results from this assessment permit a national scale assessment of nitrate concentrations in shallow groundwater,and allow linkages between nitrate concentrations in groundwater and broad land use categories to be made.Results indicated that most of the NO 3--N concentrations in groundwater from the agroand forest ecosystems were below the Class 3 drinking water standard stated in the Chinese National Standard:Quality Standard for Ground Water(≤ 20 mg/L).Over the study period,the average NO 3--N concentrations were significantly higher in agro-ecosystems(4.1 ± 0.33 mg/L) than in forest ecosystems(0.5 ± 0.04 mg/L).NO 3-N concentrations were relatively higher(> 10 mg N /L) in 10 of the 43 wells sampled in the agricultural ecosystems.These elevated concentrations occurred mainly in the Ansai,Yucheng,Linze,Fukang,Akesu,and Cele field sites,which were located in arid and semiarid areas where irrigation rates are high.We suggest that improvements in N fertilizer application and irrigation management practices in the arid and semi-arid agricultural ecosystems of China are the key to managing groundwater nitrate concentrations.     

汽车排放控制系统的设计策略探讨

简要介绍汽车排放污染物种类及其对人体的危害,阐述了现有汽车排放控制的技术措施,分析了汽车排放后处理技术存在的主要问题,提出汽车排放控制系统的设计方案,并对方案的可行性进行了分析研究.     

当代中国的环境资源法学研究

分析了当代中国环境资源法学研究的发展概况。介绍了当代中国环境资源法学研究的主要领域，总结了当代中国环境资源法学研究的经验和特点，提出了今后中国环境资源法学研究的主要问题。     

环保型型煤的研制

介绍以工业固体废弃物为主添加物，经科学的研究选择，按一定比例将工业固体废弃物掺入原煤中制成新型型煤，打破传统下燃式，采用上点火向上热伸展明火反应烧的方式。