全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1388篇 |
免费 | 88篇 |
国内免费 | 248篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 90篇 |
废物处理 | 159篇 |
环保管理 | 316篇 |
综合类 | 636篇 |
基础理论 | 202篇 |
污染及防治 | 151篇 |
评价与监测 | 37篇 |
社会与环境 | 39篇 |
灾害及防治 | 94篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 11篇 |
2022年 | 31篇 |
2021年 | 39篇 |
2020年 | 41篇 |
2019年 | 25篇 |
2018年 | 45篇 |
2017年 | 48篇 |
2016年 | 48篇 |
2015年 | 51篇 |
2014年 | 125篇 |
2013年 | 119篇 |
2012年 | 87篇 |
2011年 | 111篇 |
2010年 | 69篇 |
2009年 | 84篇 |
2008年 | 68篇 |
2007年 | 94篇 |
2006年 | 85篇 |
2005年 | 62篇 |
2004年 | 47篇 |
2003年 | 56篇 |
2002年 | 58篇 |
2001年 | 44篇 |
2000年 | 46篇 |
1999年 | 35篇 |
1998年 | 23篇 |
1997年 | 25篇 |
1996年 | 31篇 |
1995年 | 25篇 |
1994年 | 10篇 |
1993年 | 9篇 |
1992年 | 6篇 |
1991年 | 8篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 9篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1724条查询结果,搜索用时 156 毫秒
451.
In order to effectively conserve the non-renewable resource phosphorus (P), flows and stocks of P must be known at national, regional and global scales. P is a key non-renewable resource because its use as fertilizer cannot be substituted posing a constraint on the global food production in the long-term. This paper presents a methodology to establish country-wide P balances that emphasises resource use. We develop a material flow analysis (MFA) model that comprises all relevant flows and stocks of P in five subsystems, seven processes and 36 material flows. For quantification, statistical data from economic and agricultural sources as well as available information about P partitioning in natural and anthropogenic processes are used. Special attention is paid to data gaps and uncertainties. The model was tested in two case studies on P management in Turkey and Austria. MFA appears to be a tool well suited for establishing country-wide P balances, provided that national statistics are well-structured and accessible. If a common approach is used for modelling P-flows and stocks, regional and national balances can be compared and linked towards larger scale P balances for an improved management of the resource. 相似文献
452.
Permeation of Cu(II) from its aqueous solution through a supported liquid membrane (SLM) containing di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) carrier dissolved in coconut oil has been studied. The effects of Cu(II), pH (in feed), H2SO4 (stripping) and D2EHPA (in membrane) concentrations have been investigated. The stability of the D2EHPA-coconutoil has also been evaluated. High Cu(II) concentration in the feed leads to an increase in flux from 4.1 × 10-9 to 8.9 × 10-9 mol/(m2·s) within the Cu(II) concentration range 7.8×10-4-78.6×10-4 mol/L at pH of 4.0 in the feed and 12.4 × 10-4 mol/L D2EHPA in the membrane phase. Increase in H2SO4 concentration in strip solution leads to an increase in copper ions flux up to 0.25 mol/L H2SO4, providing a maximum flux of 7.4 × 10-9 mol/(m2·s). The optimum conditions for Cu(II) transport are, pH of feed 4.0, 0.25 mol/L H2SO4 in strip phase and 12.4 × 10-4 mol/L D2EHPA (membrane) in 0.5 (m pore size polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane. It has been observed that Cu(II) flux across the membrane tends to increase with the concentration of copper ions. Application of the method developed to copper plating bath rinse solutions has been found to be successful in the recovery of Cu(II). rane. It 相似文献
453.
454.
Ayomoh MK Oke SA Adedeji WO Charles-Owaba OE 《Journal of environmental management》2008,88(1):108-114
Indiscriminate disposal of municipal solid waste in developing countries poses severe environmental and health threats. The study proposes a new method for dealing with these problems. The hybrid structural interaction matrix (HSIM) was used to prioritise major identifiable environmental health factors arising from improper solid waste disposal. The simplistic resource allocation model was adopted to ensure optimality in the allocation of resources to prioritised factors. The study indicates that tackling environmental health impacts from the most prioritised negative disposal factors through optimal allocation of resources, will either reduce or eliminate the impacts associated with subsequent less prioritised factors that are direct consequences of the highly prioritised negative factors. The method proposed will aid decision makers in knowing which set of systemic factors are to be given preference and to what extent at given periods in time. 相似文献
455.
456.
Semere Solomon Michael Carpenter Todd Allyn Flach 《International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control》2008,2(4):502
Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) through CO2 flooding has been practiced on a commercial basis for the last 35 years and continues today at several sites, currently injecting in total over 30 million tons of CO2 annually. This practice is currently exclusively for economic gain, but can potentially contribute to the reduction of emissions of greenhouse gases provided it is implemented on a large scale. Optimal operations in distributing CO2 to CO2-EOR or enhanced gas recovery (EGR) projects (referred to here collectively as CO2-EHR) on a large scale and long time span imply that intermediate storage of CO2 in geological formations may be a key component. Intermediate storage is defined as the storage of CO2 in geological media for a limited time span such that the CO2 can be sufficiently reproduced for later use in CO2-EHR. This paper investigates the technical aspects, key individual parameters and possibilities of intermediate storage of CO2 in geological formations aiming at large scale implementation of carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) for deep emission reduction. The main parameters are thus the depth of injection and density, CO2 flow and transport processes, storage mechanisms, reservoir heterogeneity, the presence of impurities, the type of the reservoirs and the duration of intermediate storage. Structural traps with no flow of formation water combined with proper injection planning such as gas-phase injection favour intermediate storage in deep saline aquifers. In depleted oil and gas fields, high permeability, homogeneous reservoirs with structural traps (e.g. anticlinal structures) are good candidates for intermediate CO2 storage. Intuitively, depleted natural gas reservoirs can be potential candidates for intermediate storage of carbon dioxide due to similarity in storage characteristics. 相似文献
457.
Currently, river landscape evaluations cannot be conducted by the general public, due to their lack of professional training.
However, consulting professionals is time consuming and costly. The research conducted addresses both problems by (1) developing
suitable criteria for assessing river environments, and (2) formulating a strategy for using the proposed criteria, thereby
creating an effective method for river management by non-professionals. This research was carried out, in accordance with
Visual Resource Management theory, at 12 survey sites along the ChungKang River. The landscape quality sequences acquired
were then evaluated using a revised and simplified assessment model. The same process was repeated on the Touchien River to
verify its feasibility. This research developed both specific criteria as well a method for evaluating river landscapes, which
can be employed by non-professional river project managers. Ultimately, the aim of this research is to develop and promote
sustainable river resource management. 相似文献
458.
Shaun A. Watmough Julian Aherne M. Catherine Eimers Peter J. Dillon 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2007,7(1-3):301-306
In response to reduced sulphur emissions, there has been a large decrease in sulphate (; −0.97 μeq l−1 year−1) and hydrogen (−1.18 μeq l−1 year−1) ion concentration in bulk precipitation between 1980 and 2000 at Plastic Lake in central Ontario. The benefit of this large
reduction in deposition on stream water chemistry was assessed using the gauged outflow from a conifer-forested catchment (PC1; 23.3 ha),
which is influenced by a small wetland located immediately upstream of the outflow. Sulphate concentrations declined, but
not significantly due to large inter-annual variation in concentration. Between 1980 and 2000, there were significant increases in dissolved organic carbon, ammonium and potassium
concentration likely reflecting increased mineralisation in the wetland. Calcium concentrations in PC1 decreased during the
two decade period (−2.24 μeq l−1 year−1), as a consequence there was no improvement in stream pH and the Ca:Al ratio in PC1 continued to decline. A similar response
was noted in an upland-draining sub-catchment of PC1-08 that has been monitored since 1987. Despite large reductions in deposition and almost complete retention of nitrogen in soil, there has been no improvement (in terms of pH) in stream water
at PC1 due to a combination of soil acidification and climatic (droughts, increased mineralisation) perturbations. 相似文献
459.
Eimers MC Watmough SA Buttle JM Dillon PJ 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2007,127(1-3):399-407
Increased sulphate (SO4) export from wetlands following summer droughts in central Ontario, Canada has been associated with the delayed chemical
recovery of downstream surface waters following decreased sulphur (S) emissions. Prolonged summer droughts result in a decrease
or cessation of stream flow, declines in wetland water table level and oxidation of reduced S compounds to SO4, which is subsequently flushed into drainage streams when stream flow resumes. Sulphate input-output budget calculations
(1983–1995 and 1999–2001) at a conifer Sphagnum swamp in the Plastic Lake catchment, indicate that SO4 is retained in most years but is exported on a net basis following particularly severe summer droughts that result in the
cessation of stream flow for more than 54 days (95% CI: 41–72 days). Hindcast calculations using long-term (1916–2000) stream
discharge records from a nearby station indicate that while droughts occurred frequently in south-central Ontario over the
past 85 years, sufficiently dry conditions to cause net SO4 export occurred in only18 of the past 85 years, and indicate a cumulative positive SO4 balance for the swamp (i.e. net SO4 retention). Furthermore, the S pool at the Plastic Lake swamp has been estimated to be ∼1500 kg S/ha in the upper 40 cm peat
layer, which is large compared to the amount of net SO4 export that occurs even in years with particularly dry summers (e.g. −43 kg S/ha in 1987/88). Together, these data suggest
that the wetland S pool at Plastic Lake has not been depleted by previous droughts and will continue to sustain episodic drought-related
SO4 export for the foreseeable future. 相似文献
460.