光催化反应器的研究进展

介绍了国内外近年来有关多相光催化反应中光催化反应器设计与研究的进展情况,按催化剂在反应中存在的形式分类论述了各种反应器的结构原理和主要特点,以及光反应器设计中存在的问题和今后的研究方向。     

电助光催化氧化反应器的类型和设计要点

电助光催化反应器提供了通过外加电场提高光催化技术处理效率的场所,其构型是决定电助光催化反应效率和进行机理研究的关键要素。本文对当前电助光催化研究中采用的反应器的类型进行了综述,并提出电助光催化反应器设计的一些要点。     

全程自养脱氮新技术处理污泥脱水液的研究

以含有高浓度氨氮的消化污泥脱泥污水为基质,在悬浮填料床反应器中实现了稳定的全程自养脱氮过程.在填料表面培养形成了全程自养脱氮混菌生物膜.反应器的主控条件为T=28℃,pH=8.0左右,溶氧为0.8～1.0 mg/L.两级串联反应器的平均表面负荷为NH₄⁺-N 3～4 g/(m²·d),总的全程自养脱氮率达70%左右.对处理高氨氮含量和低C/N比的废水,全程自养脱氮较常规硝化-反硝化脱氮技术可大大降低氧耗并无需外加有机碳源,因此具有很好的应用前景.     

MATLAB在脱硫反应器设计中的应用

介绍了强大的数值分析软件ＭＡＴＬＡＢ在脱硫反应器设计中的应用。通过计算反应器内部静态电场,比较了线板式、线筒式、线线式反应器中的电场分布,从而可以选择较优的反应器结构。     

核能发电的特点及前景预测

核能发电具有经济、环保、安全的特点,发展和推广核电既能确保能源的可持续发展,也能满足环境保护的需要。近年来,核电发展取得了一定成绩,但其热污染和放射污染问题仍需引起重视并采取相关的措施。     

烧结烟气选择性催化还原脱硝补热装置的优化

烧结烟气选择性催化还原（SCR）脱硝系统补热烟气与热风掺混的均匀性是保证系统脱硝效率的关键。为提高烟风掺混的均匀性,基于伯努利方程设计了等压热风掺混装置,采用数值模拟的方法对全系统流场分布特性进行了研究。结果表明：等压掺混方式可实现大截面、短距离烟道内烟风的迅速混合;SCR脱硝催化剂入口截面温度和氨氮摩尔比均匀稳定,优化后的温度场温度偏差小于±5 ℃,氨氮摩尔比相对标准偏差小于5%;出口NO_x含量为15~28 mg/Nm³,低于50 mg/Nm³的超低排放技术指标要求。     

循环流化床锅炉烟气脱硝工艺

循环流化床锅炉（CFB）是目前常用工业锅炉之一,文章简介了CFB的特性、现状及其脱硫前景,结合现有的脱硝技术和工程应用实例,对循环流化床锅炉的烟气脱硝作了探讨和分析,提出了一些有针对性的烟气脱硝工艺。     

低浓度下冲击负荷对厌氧折流板反应器的影响

采用一个9.9L的厌氧折流板反应器处理低浓度废水(500mgCOD/L左右),研究了有机冲击负荷、水力冲击负荷对反应器运行性能的影响。结果表明,ABR具有极好的抗冲击负荷的能力,在350%的水力冲击负荷、持续时间2.5h下仅需4h即可恢复原状。ABR受有机冲击负荷的影响较复杂,在50%和100%浓度的有机冲击负荷下,反应器约经8h恢复原来的水平。在低浓度废水的定义范围之内(COD<1000mg/L),进水COD浓度突然上升等有机冲击负荷不会损害ABR反应器的处理性能,相反可有一定的改善作用。ABR反应器的多隔室结构使之存在缓冲区等分区现象,从而提供了良好的抗冲击负荷的能力。     

Effect of SO2 on the performance of Ag-Pd/Al2O3 for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with C2H5OH

The influence of SO2 on the performance of Ag-Pd/Al2O3 for the selective catalytic reduction （SCR） of NOx with C2H5OH was investigated experimentally. The activity test results suggest that Ag-Pd/Al2O3 shows a small activity loss in the presence of SO2 when using C2H5OH as a reductant. In situ DRIFTS spectra show that the activity loss originates from the formation of surface sulphate species on the Ag-Pd/Al2O3. The surface sulphate species formation inhibits the formation of nitrate, whereas hardly changes the partial oxidation of C2H5OH. Compared with the NOx reduction by C3H6, an obvious suppression of the surface sulphate species formation was observed by DRIFTS experiment when using C2H5OH as a reductant. This phenomenon reveals the better catalytic performance and strong SO2 tolerance of Ag-Pd/Al2O3-C2H50H system.     

Decolorization of triphenylmethane dye-bath effluent in an integrated two-stage anaerobic reactor

In the present study, decolorization of a simulated dye waste containing three different triphenylmethane (TPM) dyes--Magenta, Malachite Green and Crystal Violet, was investigated in a laboratory scale, two-stage anaerobic high-rate reactor. The effect of various parameters (influent dye concentration, hydraulic and co-substrate loading rates) on color and COD removal efficiency of the reactor has been studied. It has been shown that the influent dye concentration had little effect on overall COD and color removal efficiency. More than 99% color removal and 96% COD removal efficiency were maintained even at a dye concentration of 500 mg/l and a dye loading rate of 1000 mg/l day. However, a minimum level of glucose as supplementary carbon source is required to maintain the maximum color removal efficiency and it drops appreciably when no glucose is added to the influent. The study also showed that the acidogenic phase of the reaction plays an important role in decolorization of the TPM dyes. In addition, the two-stage anaerobic reactor was observed to have distinct advantages over the single-stage system, as the drop in color and COD removal efficiency of stage 1 are adequately compensated by stage 2 of the reactor especially under high dye loading rates accompanied by low co-substrate loading and under reduced HRTs.