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61.
Data are presented on the vegetation dynamics of two impounded marshes along the Indian River Lagoon, in east-central Florida,
USA. Vegetation in one of the marshes (IRC 12) was totally eliminated by overflooding and by hypersaline conditions (salinities
over 100 ppt) that developed there in 1979 after the culvert connecting the marsh with the lagoon was closed. Over 20% recovery
of the herbaceous halophytesSalicornia virginica, S. bigelovii, andBatis maritima was observed at that site after the culvert was reopened in 1982, but total cover in the marsh remains well below the original
75%. No recovery of mangroves was observed at this site. The second site (SLC 24), while remaining isolated from the lagoon
during much of the study, did not suffer the complete elimination of vegetation experienced at the first site. At this location,
mangroves increased in cover and frequency with a concomitant decrease in herbaceous halophytes.
Considerable damage to the vegetation was evident at IRC 12 when the impoundment was closed and flooded for mosquito control
in 1986. Although the damage was temporary, its occurrence emphasizes the need of planning and constant monitoring and adjustment
of management details as conditions within particular marshes change. Storms and hurricanes may be important in promoting
a replacement of black mangroves by red mangroves in closed impoundments because the former cannot tolerate pneumatophore
submergence for long periods of time.
University of Florida-IFAS Journal Series R-00521. 相似文献
62.
Hydrologic modeling as a predictive basis for ecological restoration of salt marshes 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Roads, bridges, causeways, impoundments, and dikes in the coastal zone often restrict tidal flow to salt marsh ecosystems.
A dike with tide control structures, located at the mouth of the Herring River salt marsh estuarine system (Wellfleet, Massachusetts)
since 1908, has effectively restricted tidal exchange, causing changes in marsh vegetation composition, degraded water quality,
and reduced abundance of fish and macroinvertebrate communities. Restoration of this estuary by reintroduction of tidal exchange
is a feasible management alternative. However, restoration efforts must proceed with caution as residential dwellings and
a golf course are located immediately adjacent to and in places within the tidal wetland. A numerical model was developed
to predict tide height levels for numerous alternative openings through the Herring River dike. Given these model predictions
and knowledge of elevations of flood-prone areas, it becomes possible to make responsible decisions regarding restoration.
Moreover, tidal flooding elevations relative to the wetland surface must be known to predict optimum conditions for ecological
recovery. The tide height model has a universal role, as demonstrated by successful application at a nearby salt marsh restoration
site in Provincetown, Massachusetts. Salt marsh restoration is a valuable management tool toward maintaining and enhancing
coastal zone habitat diversity. The tide height model presented in this paper will enable both scientists and resource professionals
to assign a degree of predictability when designing salt marsh restoration programs. 相似文献
63.
盐结皮对土壤有机质和水分积累的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以喀什地区典型的盐结皮土壤为例,在不同厚度的盐结皮土壤区域采集不同深度的土壤样品。结果表明:盐结皮越厚的土壤区域,其各层土壤中的盐分含量越高,土壤有机质含量越低,土壤水分含量越高,由此说明,盐结皮不利于土壤有机质的积累,但是却起到一定的保水作用。 相似文献
64.
65.
青海尕海盐湖初级生产力特点 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
1997 年夏季对青海尕海盐湖的生态系统进行了初步研究. 初级生产力研究结果表明:(1) 水域毛初级产氧量平均值为3 .273g m -2d-1 ,其中底栖藻类占70.99% ,底栖藻类单位面积毛初级生产力是浮游植物的2.45倍.(2) 水域初级生产力构成格局为:由沿岸到湖心区,随着水深的逐步增大,底栖藻类初级生产力逐步减少,浮游植物初级生产力逐渐占主导地位. 前者所占的比例在0.55 m 水深时为97.72 % ,在大于13.0 m 水深后即降至0.0 % .(3)与国际有关文献相比,尕海盐湖初级生产力较低 相似文献
66.
Pu R Gong P Tian Y Miao X Carruthers RI Anderson GL 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2008,140(1-3):15-32
For monitoring and controlling the extent and intensity of an invasive species, a direct multi-date image classification method
was applied in invasive species (salt cedar) change detection in the study area of Lovelock, Nevada. With multidate Compact
Airborne Spectrographic Imager (CASI) hyperspectral data sets, two types of hyperspectral CASI input data and two classifiers
have been examined and compared for mapping and monitoring the salt cedar change. The two types of input data are all two-date
original CASI bands and 12 principal component images (PCs) derived from the two-date CASI images. The two classifiers are
an artificial neural network (ANN) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The experimental results indicate that (1) the
direct multitemporal image classification method applied in land cover change detection is feasible either with original CASI
bands or PCs, but a better accuracy was obtained from the CASI PCA transformed data; (2) with the same inputs of 12 PCs, the
ANN outperforms the LDA due to the ANN’s non-linear property and ability of handling data without a prerequisite of a certain
distribution of the analysis data. 相似文献
67.
Marcos Rubal Matías H. Medina 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(10):2751-2758
The study presented here searched for the level of taxonomic resolution required to detect the effects of low-level chronic pollution on estuarine meiobenthic communities. Meiofauna from two sites, with special attention to harpacticoid copepods, was analysed at different taxonomic levels of aggregation using uni- and multivariate methods. Adaptation processes that could buffer biodiversity disruptions were also considered through the analysis of fitness-related and tolerance traits in the harpacticoid copepod Paronychocamptus nanus. Results showed that uni- and multivariate analyses could be inadequate when assessing subtle anthropogenic contamination. Instead, the assessment of inter-population differences in tolerance to the main source of stress rises as a required procedure if potential effects of this type of contamination are being investigated. Specifically, a 96 h acute toxicity test performed with populations from the affected site appears as a faster and reliable general tool to assess impacts of low-level chronic pollution in estuaries. 相似文献
68.
A Cu tolerant population of the earthworm Dendrodrilus rubidus (Savigny, 1862) at Coniston Copper Mines, Cumbria, UK 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Dendrodrilus rubidus were sampled from a mine spoil soil at Coniston Copper Mine, an abandoned Cu mine in Cumbria, UK and a Cu-free control site. Earthworms were maintained for 14d in both Kettering loam and a Moorland soil amended with Cu nitrate. Mortality, condition index, weight change and tissue concentration were determined. In both soils D. rubidus native to the mine site were able to tolerate significantly higher soil Cu concentrations (MWRT, p相似文献
69.
江苏盐城原生湿地表层沉积物中的重金属污染评价 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
通过对江苏盐城盐沼湿地表层沉积物中的Hg、As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn、Ni等8种重金属元素的分析得出,所测样品指标的平均值除Hg、As和Zn与背景值较接近外,其余重金属元素在沉积物中的含量都高于背景值,Cu的含量为背景值的6倍,属超Ⅱ类沉积物。其次是Cd,以偏中污染为主。运用地累积指数法对8种重金属的污染评价结果为CuCdCrNiPbAsZnHg,且以Cu的污染最为严重。同时,结合粒度分析可知,沉积物在空间分布上的累积强度与粒径大小密切相关,粒径越大,污染程度越小。有植被覆盖的潮滩对重金属的吸附能力明显要高于无植被覆盖的光滩。与近年来的背景值相比,重金属在沉积物中的增加可能与核心区外围经济活动有关。 相似文献
70.
以内蒙古吉兰泰盐湖盆地图格力高勒流域为研究对象,2021年丰、枯水期采集22组地下水样品并测定主要水化学特征指标,综合运用数理统计、Piper三线图、Gibbs图、离子比值和因子分析等方法对不同时期地下水化学特征和主要控制因素进行了分析和探讨,利用水质指数(WQI)法评价了地下水水质,并综合健康风险评价模型对地下水Cr6+和F-的潜在风险进行了评估.结果表明,研究区内地下水整体呈弱碱性,不同时期地下水中的优势阴、阳离子均为Cl-和Na+,水化学类型均以Cl--Na+型为主;研究区地下水水质整体较好,在丰水期和枯水期水质差异不显著;健康风险评价表现为成人和儿童在枯水期均有较高的致癌风险,儿童的健康风险明显高于成人,成人和儿童由Cr6+经饮水途径暴露的致癌健康风险最大值均高于最大可接受风险水平(5×10-5);研究区地下水化学演化过程主要受蒸发浓缩作用、蒸发盐岩溶解和阳离子交换作用综合影响,主要控制因素分别是蒸发浓缩作用(贡献率为54.19%)、原生地质环境因子(贡献率为12.99%)和碳酸盐岩溶解作用(贡献率为11.66%).研究成果对盐湖流域地下水资源可持续开发利用和环境保护具有重要意义. 相似文献