Sample Preparation Followed by High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (HPLC) Analysis for Monitoring Muconic Acid as a Biomarker of Occupational Exposure to Benzene

Factors affecting solid phase extraction (SPE) of trans,trans-muconic acid (ttMA), as a benzene biomarker, including sample pH, sample concentration, sample volume, sample flow rate, washing solvent, elution solvent, and type of sorbent were evaluated. Extracted samples were determined by HPLC-UV(highperformance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet). The analytical column was C18, UV wave length was 259 nm, and the mobile phase was H2O/methanol/acetic acid run at flow rate of 1 ml/min. A strong anion exchange silica cartridge was found successful in simplifying SPE. There was a significant difference between recoveries of ttMA when different factors were used (p < .001). An optimum recovery was obtained when sample pH was adjusted at 7. There was no significant difference when different sample concentrations were used (p > .05). The optimized method was then validated with 3 different pools of samples showing good reproducibility over 6 consecutive days and 6 within-day experiments.     

气体中硫化氢催化焚烧催化剂的制备和性能研究

考察了制备方法对催化剂活性的影响，评价了活性组分的添加量，操作温度和空速对催化剂活性和选择性的影响，在温度290℃，空速5000h^-1条件下，催化剂连续使用200h性能稳定，H2S转化率为SO2生成率在99．9％以上，该催化剂具有优良的性能，适合在硫化氢焚烧装置上使用。     

用于烟气脱硫脱氮的活性焦的研制

介绍了制备活性焦的工艺条件及其对活性焦性能的影响。制备活性焦的最佳工艺条件，原料配比为褐煤半焦；焦煤：煤焦油（质量比）为65：25：10；褐煤干馏温度为600℃，干馏气体介质为氮气；活性焦活化温度为850-950℃，活化时间为60-90min，活化气体介质为水蒸气/在最佳工艺条件下制备的活性焦，转鼓强度为96%-98%，碘吸附率为49%以上，经改性处理后的活性焦，脱硫率为90%以上，脱氮率为75%，试验结果表明，以沈阳地区的劣质褐煤为主原料制备的活性焦，不但对燃煤烟气具有良好的同时脱硫脱氮性能，而且具有价格低，催化活性高及机械强度高的特点。     

泡沫塑料黄原酸酯的制备及其对含铜废水的处理研究

采用聚氨酯泡沫塑料制备得到了黄原酸酯。将其用于含铜废水的处理。实验结果表明泡沫黄原酸酯的用量、处理体系的pH、搅拌时间和沉降时间是影响铜离子去除效果的重要因素。经过聚氨酯泡沫黄原酸酯处理的含铜废水能够达到排放标准的要求。     

浊点萃取在环境化学方面的应用

浊点萃取（ＣＰＥ）是一种新兴的液－液、液－固萃取方法，通过对该方法的相分离行为，改变实验参数如表面活性剂疏水性，平衡温度及时间、离心时间、ｐＨ值、离子强度、萃取物与表面活性剂浓度、添加剂等研究现状，综述了这一方面的原理、操作及其优化，并以ＰＡＨｓ等１７种有机污染物为例示，详细讨论了这一方法对环境样品的前处理技术，以及用于环境污染的进展，最后，探讨了该技术方法的发展前景。     

Rapid karyotyping in ectopic pregnancies

The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of karyotyping ectopic Fallopian tube pregnancies utilizing dividing cytotrophoblast cells. Villi from 78 ectopic conceptuses were processed by the direct chromosome technique and cytogenetic diagnosis was successful in 60 cases (76-9 per cent). The amount of villi obtained, as well as villus morphology, was correlated with cytogenetic success rate. Histological examination of the Fallopian tube was also carried out. A total of 47 cases were chromosomally abnormal (78-3 per cent), which is the highest frequency of cytogenetic abnormalities reported to date.     

固相微萃取技术及其应用现状综述

固相微萃取技术（SPME）在固相萃取（SPE）基础上发展而来。作为一种较新的样品前处理技术,固相微萃取技术具有操作简单、快速、集采样、萃取、浓缩和进样于一体等诸多优点,目前已被广泛应用。阐述了 SPME 的技术原理、操作流程、影响因素、应用领域和新的进展。着重指出 SPME 在环境有机污染物分析中具有广泛的应用前景。     

新生态MnO_2的制备及处理造纸废水的实验研究

实验制备并表征了XS - 1、XS - 2、XS - 3和XS - 4四种新生态MnO2 ,比较了它们对造纸废水的CODCr去除率和脱色率。结果表明 ,XS - 1和XS - 2样品的处理效果较好。选择XS - 1作为处理剂 ,研究了 pH值、投加量、温度等因素对处理效果的影响 ,并探讨了作用机理。当 pH值小于 1 .5、投加量为 50mg/ 1 0 0mL时 ,1 5℃下振荡 1h后 ,对CODCr为 3680mg/L、色度为 650倍的造纸废水的CODCr去除率达 60 % ,脱色率可达 91 %。     

壳聚糖作为絮凝剂的研究进展

壳聚糖是一种新型的天然高分子絮凝剂,在水处理中展现广泛的应用前景。综述了壳聚糖制备,在水处理中的应用及其絮凝机理等。研究表明,壳聚糖良好的絮凝性能,使其在废水处理和资源回收等方面的效果均优于无机及有机合成的絮凝剂,是一种环境友好的高效絮凝剂。     

Chromosome banding in direct preparations of chorionic villi

Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is now currently offered for first trimester prenatal diagnosis of genetic disorders. Chromosome analysis of CVS in direct and culture preparations is possible using modifications of standard banding techniques. We summarize our experience in applying QFQ, GTG, RBG, CBG, DA/DAPI, NOR, and SC differentiation protocols to direct preparations. Characteristic chromosome regions are properly labelled by these techniques, and analysis of 300 band stage karyotypes is consistently achievable on GTG banded direct preparations. However, banding of CVS direct chromosomes has proved to be difficult, and the analysis needs to be backed up by culture preparations.