小模数渐开线花键滚轧轮的设计及制造

阐述了小模数渐开线花键的滚轧成形 ,滚轮的设计及制造。制造工艺采用线切割成形 ,工艺简单。     

ObjectARX铜合金轴承实体保持架等温挤压模CAD系统开发中的应用

等温超塑挤压成形技术开辟了铜合金实体保持架加工的新途径。在此新技术的基础上,利用VC++6.0和ObjectARX开发了一套铜合金轴承实体保持架挤压模CAD系统软件,大幅度缩短了保持器系列产品的开发周期,并提高了产品设计效率和设计水平。     

武夷山风景名胜区景观生态评价

以武夷山风景名胜区为研究对象 ,在景观类型划分的基础上 ,首次提出了适合风景名胜区景观生态评价的指标体系 ,该体系包含代表性、稳定性、协调性、奇特性、观赏性、社会性和梯度性等 7个指标 .然后 ,运用层次分析法(AHP)确定各指标的权重 ,进而得到各景观类型的综合评价指数 .根据综合评价指数 ,将风景区划分为 3种景观生态等级 ,即理想景观、正常景观和危急景观 .研究结果表明 :在组成武夷山风景名胜区的 10种景观类型中 ,河流与马尾松林属于理想景观 ,居住地与农田属危急景观 ,其余 6类景观皆为正常景观 ,正常景观 (含理想景观 )面积占整个景区面积的 85 %以上 ,表明了作为世界自然与文化遗产的武夷山风景名胜区总体景观生态现状良好 ,确实受到较为积极有效的保护 .图 1表 4参 35     

The effectiveness of protection policies and legislative framework with special regard to karst landscapes: Insights from Slovenia

Karst terrain offers a great range of economic assets, provides unique habitats and valuable ecosystem services. Owing to its particular nature, this environment is highly susceptible to destruction. Any interference is likely to have irreversible impacts and disturb the natural balance of the elements (water, soil, flora and fauna) and processes (e.g. corrosion, CO₂ sequestration, speleothem growth) that constitute it. Karst areas must therefore be holistically managed in an appropriate and careful manner. A critical overview of current protection legislation in Slovenia has been prepared, with particular reference to karst areas. The major problem is a lack of harmonised multi-sector policies regulating land use and planning throughout the karst region, the absence of detailed guidelines and insufficient pursuance of karst in all its complexity and vulnerability. A comprehensive management approach for karst areas has been proposed and could subsequently be adopted by other karst-rich countries. Management is based on the enforcement of karst-specific legislation, including provision of detailed management plans and their strict implementation. Common database maintenance, reconciliation between various stakeholders and raising public awareness are additional important parts of the approach.     

生物接触氧化法处理水产品加工废水的设计及运行

采用生物接触氧化工艺处理水产品加工废水,设计能力400m3/d,废水进水水质CODCr为728~1176mg/L,运行稳定后,出水水质CODCr为92~140mg/L,CODCr去除率为85.2%~93.3%,出水水质稳定,达到(GB8978-1996)中的二级排放标准。运行1a来,剩余污泥产生量少,仅排除剩余污泥1次;废水处理成本为0.92元/m3。     

极端严寒地区湿法烟气脱硫系统的设计

通过实例,介绍了如何通过设计优化,使湿法烟气脱硫系统(FGD)在我国北方极端严寒地区的脱硫工程中得到稳定、可靠的运行.     

沿海湿地生态系统健康预警指标体系的设计

依据压力-状态-响应(presure-state-response,PSR)模型,分析了沿海湿地生态系统健康的相关影响因素,通过问卷调研和专家访谈法对影响因素进行调适,并对其进行信度检测,构建了湿地生态系统健康预警指标体系,采用层次分析法确定权重;进一步将湿地生态系统健康指标体系划分为5个健康等级,以江苏省为例,给出各项指标相应的健康等级标准,并设计了反映湿地生态系统健康状况的预警灯显表,可为湿地管理和决策部门制定政策提供依据。     

旅游景观规划设计的原则及其应用--以安丘青云山民俗游乐园为例

以旅游学基本理论和景观生态学原理为依据,分析了在旅游景观规划设计中应遵循的整体性原则、多样性原则、独特性原则、参与性原则和可持续性原则,并以安丘青云山民俗游乐园为例,从游乐园的景观功能分区、景观整体布局、景观生态设计、景观特色与创新、景观体验与项目参与等方面具体说明这些原则在旅游景观规划设计中的应用.     

Video panorama assessment of beach landscape aesthetics on the coast of Wales

70 beaches in Wales, UK, were investigated with regard to the quality of beach scenery using video panoramas. Beaches were given a score from zero to 20 by a panel of 24 coastal managers (National Park and Heritage Coast Wardens, etc.) and 42 final year Degree or Master of Science students specializing in environmental sciences. Mean scores of coastal managers ranged from 16.1 (Broadhaven, S. Pembrokeshire; 80%) to 3.8 (Prestatyn, North Wales; 19%), while scores of students ranged from 16.0 (Barafundle, S. Pembrokeshire; 80%) to 6.1 (Trecco Bay, Porthcawl; 31%). Wave height, number of people present on the beach and position on the final videotape did not have significant effects on mean scores generated by either group. With both groups a strong preference was observed for undeveloped beaches over those where anthropogenic structures were prominent (p=0.00), but beach commercialization level had an independent effect only on scores from the student group (p=0.02). Cloud cover at time of filming had a significant effect (p=0.00) on scoring, so a correction was applied for final score calculation and ranking. The findings contribute to management of coastal aesthetic resources by providing a quantitative evaluation scheme. It is proposed to use these scores for beach scenery/aesthetic quality in a novel, comprehensive beach rating system.     

环境决策支持系统的设计技术及发展趋势

简要论述了环境决策支持系统(EDSS)的发展历程,提出了EDSS开发技术的六大构成部分:应用平台的选择;系统的开发方式的选择;系统的开发工具的选择;系统的组成结构的建立;系统的基本功能的设计;系统的开放接口的设计。对系统设计的关键技术进行了分析,依据EDSS的应用现状,指出EDSS的发展趋势,对实际应用具有一定的指导意义和实用价值。