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151.
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are major precursors for ozone and secondary organic aerosol (SOA), both of which greatly harm human health and significantly affect the Earth''s climate. We simultaneously estimated ozone and SOA formation from anthropogenic VOCs emissions in China by employing photochemical ozone creation potential (POCP) values and SOA yields. We gave special attention to large molecular species and adopted the SOA yield curves from latest smog chamber experiments. The estimation shows that alkylbenzenes are greatest contributors to both ozone and SOA formation (36.0% and 51.6%, respectively), while toluene and xylenes are largest contributing individual VOCs. Industry solvent use, industry process and domestic combustion are three sectors with the largest contributions to both ozone (24.7%, 23.0% and 17.8%, respectively) and SOA (22.9%, 34.6% and 19.6%, respectively) formation. In terms of the formation potential per unit VOCs emission, ozone is sensitive to open biomass burning, transportation, and domestic solvent use, and SOA is sensitive to industry process, domestic solvent use, and domestic combustion. Biomass stoves, paint application in industrial protection and buildings, adhesives application are key individual sources to ozone and SOA formation, whether measured by total contribution or contribution per unit VOCs emission. The results imply that current VOCs control policies should be extended to cover most important industrial sources, and the control measures for biomass stoves should be tightened. Finally, discrepant VOCs control policies should be implemented in different regions based on their ozone/aerosol concentration levels and dominant emission sources for ozone and SOA formation potential. 相似文献
152.
Marc Fadel Frédéric Ledoux Mariana Farhat Adib Kfoury Dominique Courcot Charbel Afif 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(3):98-116
Primary and secondary organic aerosols in PM2.5 were investigated over a one-year campaign at Zouk Mikael and Fiaa, Lebanon. The n-alkanes concentrations were quite similar at both sites (26-29 ng/m3) and mainly explained by anthropogenic emissions rather than natural ones. The concentrations of total Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) were nearly three times higher at Zouk Mikael (2.56 ng/m3) compared to Fiaa (0.95 ng/m3), especially for indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene linked to the presence of the power plant. A characteristic indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene/(indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene + benzo[g,h,i]perylene) ratio in the range 0.8-1.0 was determined for heavy fuel oil combustion from the power plant. Fatty acids and hopanes were also investigated and were assigned to cooking activities and vehicular emissions respectively. Phthalates were identified for the first time in Lebanon with high concentrations at Zouk and Fiaa (106.88 and 97.68 ng/m3 respectively). Moreover, the biogenic secondary aerosols revealed higher concentrations in summer. The total terpene concentration varied between 131 ng/m3 at Zouk Mikael in winter to 469 ng/m3 at Fiaa in summer. Additionnally, the concentrations of the dicarboxylic acids especially for adipic and phthalic acids were more influenced by anthropogenic sources.The analysis of molecular markers and diagnostic ratios indicated that the sites were strongly affected by anthropogenic sources such as waste open burning, diesel private generators, cooking activities, road transport, power plant, and industrial emissions. Moreover, results showed different pattern during winter and summer seasons. Whereas, higher concentrations of biogenic markers were clearly encountered during the summer period. 相似文献
153.
Dongjie Shang Jianfei Peng Song Guo Zhijun Wu Min Hu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(2):34
154.
Kangying Guo Baoyu Gao Jie Wang Jingwen Pan Qinyan Yue Xing Xu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(5):103
155.
人工湿地脱氮除磷特性研究 总被引:25,自引:3,他引:22
针对流域水体富营养化加剧和二级处理水氮磷指标较高的问题,提出以人工湿地对二级出水继续低耗、理想地脱氮除磷。研究中通过对照不同进水水质条件下,不同结构人工湿地的脱氮除磷效能,探讨了人工湿地内的主要脱氮除磷途径。研究表明,表面流湿地内植物对氨氮吸收/吸附和硝化过程为主要氮转化途径,潜流湿地内直接反硝化过程为主要脱氮途径,脱氮效率30%~40%;磷在人工湿地内主要依赖除磷填料床的物化吸附、共沉淀去除,除磷效率达80%以上。 相似文献
156.
157.
Jinbo Wang Jiaping Wang Wei Nie Xuguang Chi Dafeng Ge Caijun Zhu Lei Wang Yuanyuan Li Xin Huang Ximeng Qi Yuxuan Zhang Tengyu Liu Aijun Ding 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(9):114
158.
2019年10月12日—11月25日,使用单颗粒气溶胶飞行时间质谱仪(SPAMS)在位于长沙市的湖南省生态环境厅点位进行了为期45 d的定点监测。结果表明,监测期间长沙市总体空气质量小时级别优、良天气占比为80.3%。长沙市首要污染物为PM_(2.5),其主要来源为机动车尾气源,二次无机源次之,工业工艺源排在第三位,占比分别为27.4%,21.5%和17.4%。整体来看,监测期间PM_(2.5)质量浓度的升高大多伴随着以上3种污染源颗粒物的同步升高。机动车尾气源具有明显的早高峰,工业工艺源、生物质燃烧源和餐饮源夜间占比增加。在偏东方向气团主导下,工业工艺源和燃煤源贡献最大;在东北方向气团主导下,PM_(2.5)质量浓度最高,且机动车尾气源占比最高。 相似文献
159.
强化活性炭吸附技术深度处理焦化废水的可行性研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用混凝沉淀、活性炭吸附以及混凝沉淀 活性炭吸附工艺对焦化厂生化出水进行深度处理.单独混凝沉淀或活性炭吸附均可以将水样中COD降到100 mg/L以下,达到国家污水一级排放标准和冷却用水建议标准.活性炭根据不同的材质和进水而表现出不同的吸附性能,对于焦化厂生化出水,煤质炭Ⅰ和果壳炭均表现出良好的吸附效果,并使出水COD<100 mg/L,但处理成本较高.混凝沉淀 活性炭吸附工艺充分发挥适合去除大分子污染物的混凝沉淀与适宜去除小分子污染物的活性炭吸附技术两者的协同增效作用,吸附单元采用廉价的煤质炭,使出水水质达到个别生产或生活用水回用标准,并且降低深度处理成本.研究结果表明,混凝沉淀 活性炭吸附作为焦化厂生化出水回用工艺是经济可行的. 相似文献
160.
The 24-h average coarse (PM10) and fine (PM2.5) fraction of airborne particulate matter (PM) samples were collected for winter, summer and monsoon seasons during November 2008-April 2009 at an busy roadside in Chennai city, India. Results showed that the 24-h average ambient PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were significantly higher in winter and monsoon seasons than in summer season. The 24-h average PM10 concentration of weekdays was significantly higher (12-30%) than weekends of winter and monsoon seasons. On weekends, the PM2.5 concentration was found to slightly higher (4-15%) in monsoon and summer seasons. The chemical composition of PM10 and PM2.5 masses showed a high concentration in winter followed by monsoon and summer seasons.The U.S.EPA-PMF (positive matrix factorization) version 3 was applied to identify the source contribution of ambient PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations at the study area. Results indicated that marine aerosol (40.4% in PM10 and 21.5% in PM2.5) and secondary PM (22.9% in PM10 and 42.1% in PM2.5) were found to be the major source contributors at the study site followed by the motor vehicles (16% in PM10 and 6% in PM2.5), biomass burning (0.7% in PM10 and 14% in PM2.5), tire and brake wear (4.1% in PM10 and 5.4% in PM2.5), soil (3.4% in PM10 and 4.3% in PM2.5) and other sources (12.7% in PM10 and 6.8% in PM2.5). 相似文献