应用生物制剂修复黑臭河涌试验研究

应用固定化生物催化剂(IBC)对江门市某河涌进行生物修复。结果表明:向底泥投加IBC能增加底泥中有益微生物量,优化底泥微生物群落,使河涌底泥中有机质逐渐降解;同时能抑制硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)繁殖,降低底泥中硫化物含量。试验进行4个月后,底泥有机质去除率达到54.7%⁶3.7%,底泥中SRB数量减少了92.8%63.7%,底泥中SRB数量减少了92.8%⁹4.5%,底泥硫化物含量降低了81.9%94.5%,底泥硫化物含量降低了81.9%⁸7.5%,河涌黑臭现象基本消除;向上覆水体投加IBC,在IBC中微生物和多种酶的协同作用下,水中有机污染物被快速降解,上覆水体的COD和氨氮浓度逐渐下降,试验进行4个月时,去除率分别达到20.0%87.5%,河涌黑臭现象基本消除;向上覆水体投加IBC,在IBC中微生物和多种酶的协同作用下,水中有机污染物被快速降解,上覆水体的COD和氨氮浓度逐渐下降,试验进行4个月时,去除率分别达到20.0%³5.2%和32.9%35.2%和32.9%⁴4.1%,提高了河涌的生物自净能力。     

降解多氯联苯的微生物特性研究进展

综述了多氯联苯（ＰＣＢｓ）需氧降解，包括共代谢的需氧微生物，需氧降解途径和微生物降解环境中持久存在的阿罗克尔（Ａｒｏｃｌｏｒ）商业混合物的特性等；厌氧还原脱氯包括淡水和港湾沉积物中厌氧微生物降解ＰＣＢｓ的特性以及一些脱氯方式（过程）和还原脱氯过程的促进发法。     

黄河沉积物对久效磷和甲基对硫磷的吸附研究

在一定的浓度范围内，对久效磷和甲基对硫磷在黄河沉积物中的吸附特性进行了研究。并观察了pH值和离子强度对吸附的影响。结果表明，久效磷的吸附过程为一级动力学规律；久效磷和甲基对硫磷的吸附可用Freundich等温式和Langmuir等温式较好地描述；久效磷在黄河沉积物中的吸附表现为分配作用和表面吸附共同作用，而甲基对硫磷则以分配作用占主导地位。     

大庆地区主要排水干渠水质和底质遗传生物毒性测试的探索

探讨了用蚕豆根尖细胞微核技术测试大庆地区主要排水干渠水质及底质的遗传毒性。并且通过污染指教PI值来研究水质底质的的综合毒性。结果表明作为一种灵敏度高、成本低廉的生物毒性监测方法，将在环境监测领域中有着广阔的应用前景。     

Evaluating the coastal environment for marine birds

The marine environment is being increasingly exploited by fisheries and the oil and gas industry. Conservationists urgently need the ability to identify the processes that determine patterns of abundance of marine species. We describe a preliminary Geographic Information System (GIS) in which spatial data on environmental variables (seabird colony locations, sea depth and seabed sediments) are integrated with realistic energy constraints faced by marine birds during the breeding season. A simple foraging model predicts the spatial variation in the quality of given locations as potential feeding sites under different feeding conditions and stages of the breeding cycle. We show how the approach can be used to help managers identify key marine areas and assess the impacts of environmental change or damage.     

A mathematical model to estimate nitrate release from ocher pellets applied to anaerobic benthic sediment

A mathematical model was developed to estimate nitrate release from ocher pellets in benthic sediment. Ocher pellets, called “limnomedicine,” consisting of ocher and calcium nitrate were used to suppress phosphorus release from contaminated sediment under anaerobic conditions. The proposed model represents the fate and transport of nitrate released from the pellets, in both the water column and the sediment. Most of the nitrate (83.6%) released from the pellets was consumed in the degradation of organic matter and FeS in the sediment over a period of 12 days. While an increase in pellet dosage helps to accelerate the sediment treatment rate, it also has the effect of increasing the mass of nitrate that diffuses into the water column. Quantitative analysis of these effects using the proposed mathematical model makes it possible to determine the proper pellet dosage based on sediment conditions such as organic matter content.     

中小型印染厂废水处理方法研究

介绍了利用自制的混凝剂与电石渣联用处理印染废水的一种新方法，该方法工艺流程简单，投资少，运行费用低，易于操作，ＣＯＤｃｒ去除率高，为中小型印染厂废水治理开辟一条新的途径．     

苏州河的污染底泥评价

以底泥与流动水相的边界环境为研究对象，应用苏州河底的释放与耗氧规律，在控制地面水水质标准的环境基础上拟定了底泥评价分级标准，将评价的有机污染指标确定为未污染，污染、重污染底泥的类型级别。应用拟定的分级标准对苏州河的污染底泥进行评价，指出若对属于重类型的部分河段底泥进行整治，则整个市区段底泥释放至水相的深度，将接近地面水三级标准。     

颗粒物捕集器在港口疏浚监测中的应用

颗粒物捕集器技术首次应用到港口疏浚监测中，通过对现场疏浚悬浮颗粒物的监测以及对生物的急性半致死浓度的模拟实验研究，建立了一套较完整的疏浚监测系统和技术，可以更有效和直观地反映疏浚过程中对养殖海区生物的影响。现场调查和实验结果表明：在疏浚区和养殖区交界处疏浚悬浮物在海水表面的垂直通量为１２．６８ｍｇ／（ｃｍ＾２．ｄ），中层为２５．４１ｍｇ／（ｃｍ＾２．ｄ）；在养殖中心区表层为７．５８ｍｇ／（ｃｍ＾２     

底泥中多环芳烃的处理技术进展

底泥中多环芳烃（PAHs）的处理方法主要有物化处理和生物处理。物化处理方法有湿式空气氧化、溶剂浸提、热解吸等；生物处理有好氧处理和厌氧处理。物化处理速度快、效果明显，但能耗高、投资大；生物处理方法虽然能耗低，但速度慢、降解率较低。实际运用中宜发展物化和生物的组合工艺。