液体旋流分离器内部流场分布的测试与研究

改变传统的利用皮托管插入法对流场分布的测试方法 ,利用激光流速计分别对两种具有代表性的液体旋流分离器的切线方向和轴线方向的流场分布进行了测试 ,得到了精确的结果。为分析、研究和提高旋流分离器的性能 ,提供了最基本的和最有效的数据     

焦化冷焦水处理技术研究

针对延迟焦化装置冷焦水的污染问题 ,提出了由水 -水混合器注水降温技术、重力沉降技术、旋流分离技术、空冷器技术集成的“冷焦水密闭循环处理技术” ,该技术具有良好的工业应用价值     

超声振动强化膜分离过程机理的研究

膜分离过程中的浓差极化现象是影响膜分离效果的主要因素之一 ,本文探索了利用超声振动的方法来强化膜分离反应过程。首先建立了其动力学模型 ,然后通过试验对其强化机理进行了深入的探讨 ,以达到经济、高效地提高膜分离效果的目的。     

液膜分离技术在工业装置上的应用

采用液膜分离工艺处理含酚、氰农药废水，处理废水量36t／d，通过工业应用实例试运行，效果一直很好。达到了设计要求。     

膜分离技术在油气回收中的应用

简单阐述了油气回收的意义,并对几种常用的油气回收方法进行了介绍,分析其优缺点,重点论述了膜分离技术在油气回收中的应用,以及国内外的进展情况和典型应用实例,最后对膜法油气回收与其它方法作了比较,对膜法回收现阶段的存在问题进行了剖析,并对今后的研究方向提出了建议。研究结果表明,膜法是一种大有前途的油气回收方法。     

超滤分离、浓缩、脱盐青霉素酰化酶的研究

本文用中空纤维超滤膜对青霉素酰化酶进行了分离、浓缩的研究、实验了不同种类的膜、不同的酶活浓度、不同运行时间和不同压力等因素对膜透水量、截留率和酶的回收率的影响。结果表明:采用超滤技术分离、浓缩、脱盐青霉素酰化酶工艺,具有操作简单,酶的比活高,回收率高和省能等特点,适用于工业化生产。     

P204f(D2EHPA)萃取分离回收催化剂母液中钴、锰

石油化工和化纤工业中大量使用钴,锰催化剂,应及时从各种废液中回收、再生,本文在25±1℃下研究了D_2EHPA-煤油从硫酸盐介质中萃取分离钴(Ⅱ)、锰(Ⅱ)的工艺,考察了萃取剂浓度、平衡pH值、相比对萃取的影响,求取了较适宜的工艺条件,利用五级逆流萃取模拟试验将钴、锰浓度比从1:1.5提高到1000:1,加入洗涤段后,又可获得金属含量比为1000的纯锰溶液,初步探索了用先进的液膜萃取新技术从溶液中分别富集、分离钴(Ⅱ)、锰(Ⅱ)的方法,找出了体系pH值对液膜萃取的影响,提出了从PTA氧化母液中回收废催化剂,萃取分离钴、锰,再生制备醋酸钴、醋酸锰和其他含钴、锰精细化工产品的工艺。     

Improvement of detection method of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in reclaimed water

Cryptosporidium and Giardia are two typical species of pathogenic protozoans that seriously endanger water quality. Previous works indicated that detection of Cryptosporidium and Giardia with modified United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) method-1623 using a membrane filtration-elution for sample concentration attained better recovery and lower cost compared to the USEPA method-1623. Several improvements of membrane filtration-elution step as well as immunomagnetic separation (IMS) steps were investigated and an optimized method for detection of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in wastewater reclamation system was recommended in this paper. The experimental results show that an overnight soak of the membrane after scraping and vortex agitation before elution could enhance and stabilize the recovery. Increasing turbidity to 4 NTU by adding kaolin clay before filtration could effectively improve the recovery of low-turbidity water. Washing the concentrate after centrifugation and twice acid dissociation both reduced the impact of water quality to protozoan recovery. Protozoans in different water samples were determined by this optimized method, and the recovery of Cryptosporidium and Giardia were above 70% and 80% respectively, much higher than the acceptance of method-1623. __________ Translated from Environmental Science, 2006, 27(12): 2547–2552 [译自: 环境科学]     

Transformation and removal of ammonium sulfate aerosols and ammonia slip from selective catalytic reduction in wet flue gas desulfurization system

Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) denitration may increase the emission of NH₄⁺ and NH₃. The removal and transformation characteristics of ammonium sulfate aerosols and ammonia slip during the wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) process, as well as the effect of desulfurization parameters, were investigated in an experimental system equipped with a simulated SCR flue gas generation system and a limestone-based WFGD system. The results indicate that the ammonium sulfate aerosols and ammonia slip in the flue gas from SCR can be partly removed by slurry scrubbing, while the entrainment and evaporation of desulfurization slurry with accumulated NH₄⁺ will generate new ammonium-containing particles and gaseous ammonia. The ammonium-containing particles formed by desulfurization are not only derived from the entrainment of slurry droplets, but also from the re-condensation of gaseous ammonia generated by slurry evaporation. Therefore, even if the concentration of NH₄⁺ in the desulfurization slurry is quite low, a high level of NH₄⁺ was still contained in the fine particles at the outlet of the scrubber. When the accumulated NH₄⁺ in the desulfurization slurry was high enough, the WFGD system promoted the conversion of NH₃ to NH₄⁺ and increased the additional emission of primary NH₄⁺ aerosols. With the decline of the liquid/gas ratio and flue gas temperature, the removal efficiency of ammonia sulfate aerosols increased, and the NH₄⁺ emitted from entrainment and evaporation of the desulfurization slurry decreased. In addition, the volatile ammonia concentration after the WFGD system was reduced with the decrease of the NH₄⁺ concentration and pH values of the slurry.     

改性绿茶对汞的吸附研究——汞的形态分析

试验了用改性绿茶分离，冷原子吸收光谱法测定无机汞，烷基汞和苯基汞的条件。在ｐＨ５的溶液中吸附无机汞，与有机汞分离；在ｐＨ１的溶液中吸附有机汞，然后分别以１．５，３．０和６．０ｍｏｌ·１＾－１盐酸解吸无机汞，烷基汞和苯基汞，用冷原子吸收光谱法测定汞，探讨了吸附机理，分析了牡蛎和水样中汞的形态。