应用高梯度磁分离技术处理糖蜜酒精废水

采用投磁种的方法进行强化，高梯度磁分离技术可以有效地用于处理有机工业废水，废水经处理后其浊度、色度和ＣＯＤ都大大降低．系统地研究了这一新方法应用于处理糖蜜酒精废水以及磁种再生的全过程，探讨了磁种的活性、处理效果及其影响因素．结果表明，废水磁种强化磁分离处理过程主要是一个ｐＨ控制过程，最佳处理ｐＨ值为５左右，磁种再生ｐＨ值为１１左右．     

水合物法分离CO2研究

混合气体在形成水合物时,水合物内的气体组分与气相内不同。CO2溶解度远高于N2、O2、H2等气体,因此水合物法可分离IGCC电厂转换合成气体和普通燃煤电厂烟气中的CO2。分析了气体组成、压力、温度、促进剂和多孔介质等因素对水合物法分离CO2的影响,给出了水合物法的工艺流程示意图,指出采用耦合技术降低操作压力和提高水合速度是今后改进和努力的方向。     

Effects of ion concentration and natural organic matter on arsenic(V) removal by nanofiltration under different transmembrane pressures

The removal of As(V) from synthetic water was studied using four different nanofiltration (NF) membranes (ESNA-1-K1, NF270, ESNA-1-LF, and HODRA-CORE). The influences of ion concentration, transmembrane pressure (TMP), and the presence of natural organic matter (humic acid, HA) on the arsenic removal efficiency and permeate flux were investigated. The arsenic rejection of ESNA- 1-LF was higher than those of the other membranes in all experiments (> 94%), and the HODRA-CORE membrane gave the lowest removal of arsenic (< 47%). An increase in the ion concentration in the feed solution and addition of HA decreased the arsenic rejection of the HODRA-CORE membrane. However, both increasing of the ion concentration and addition of HA made the rejection increased for the other membranes (ESNA-1-K1, NF270, and ESNA-1-LF). With increasing TMP, for all four NF membranes, increases in both arsenic rejection and permeate flux were observed. The permeate fluxes of the four NF membranes decreased to some extent after addition of HA to the solutions for operating time of 6 hr.     

磁性纳米复合物对水中亚甲基蓝的吸附及其机理

利用正硅酸乙酯水解在磁性纳米锰锌铁氧体表面包裹SiO₂,制备了一种新型“核/壳”结构磁性纳米复合物材料Si-Fe-MNCs.采用N₂-吸附脱附法、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)和傅利叶变换红外技术(FT-IR)分别对Si-Fe-MNCs的织构性能、形貌和磁性能进行了表征.结果表明,该磁性材料对亚甲基蓝表现出良好的吸附性能,318K时平衡吸附量在40.31~184.1mg/g之间,120min可达吸附平衡,符合准二级动力学方程.吸附过程符合Langmuir等温吸附模型,热力学计算结果表明Si-Fe-MNCs对亚甲基蓝的吸附是以表面物理吸附为主的自发吸热过程,红外结果表明氢键是Si-Fe-MNCs表面官能团与亚甲基蓝之间的主要作用力.Si-Fe-MNCs采用H₂O₂进行再生,5次循环使用后,对MB的平衡吸附量仍可维持在93.64mg/g.     

Bi（25）FeO40-g-C3N4磁性催化剂的制备及其可见光催化性能

采用水热法制备了铁酸铋(Bi25FeO40),将其与类石墨相氮化碳(g-C3N4)复合得到Bi25FeO40-g-C3N4磁性光催化剂,用X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、BET比表面积分析、UV-Vis光谱和磁滞回线对该磁性光催化剂进行了表征.考察了Bi25FeO40-g-C3N4复合催化剂对亚甲基蓝的可见光催化降解效果.结果表明,Bi25FeO40-g-C3N4复合催化剂对亚甲基蓝的可见光催化降解效率远高于Bi25FeO40.此外,Bi25FeO40-g-C3N4表现出顺磁性,可通过磁选分离并回收.     

Effect of Cu-ZSM-5 catalysts with different CuO particle size on selective catalytic oxidation of N,N-Dimethylformamide

● A series of Cu-ZSM-5 catalysts were tested for DMF selective catalytic oxidation. ● Cu-6 nm samples showed the best catalytic activity and N₂ selectivity. ● Redox properties and chemisorbed oxygen impact on DMF catalytic oxidation. ● Isolated Cu²⁺ species and weak acidity have effects on the generation of N₂. N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), a nitrogen-containing volatile organic compound (NVOC) with high emissions from the spray industry, has attracted increasing attention. In this study, Cu-ZSM-5 catalysts with different CuO particle sizes of 3, 6, 9 and 12 nm were synthesized and tested for DMF selective catalytic oxidation. The crystal structure and physicochemical properties of the catalyst were studied by various characterization methods. The catalytic activity increases with increasing CuO particle size, and complete conversion can be achieved at 300–350 °C. The Cu-12 nm catalyst has the highest catalytic activity and can achieve complete conversion at 300 °C. The Cu-6 nm sample has the highest N₂ selectivity at lower temperatures, reaching 95% at 300 °C. The activity of the catalysts is determined by the surface CuO cluster species, the bulk CuO species and the chemisorbed surface oxygen species. The high N₂ selectivity of the catalyst is attributed to the ratio of isolated Cu²⁺ and bulk CuO species, and weak acidity is beneficial to the formation of N₂. The results in this work will provide a new design of NVOC catalytic oxidation catalysts.     

水质硫化物直接吸收显色法中前置气体分离管存在的缺点和替换方法

介绍了直接吸收显色法分析水质硫化物中,气体分离管在实际操作中存在的缺点和氢氧化钾溶液替换气体分离管的优点,并通过实验来论证替换的可行性。     

膜技术及其组合工艺在重金属废水中的应用

膜技术作为一种新型分离技术,在处理废水的同时又能回收重金属离子,因而在重金属废水处理中得到了较为广泛的应用。文章全面地综述了在重金属废水处理中应用比较广泛的各种膜技术及其组合工艺。     

氮气吹出分离法测定氨化物

本工作对多级串联吹出分离法测定氰化物的可行性作了探讨。试验确定在磷酸－ＥＤＴＡ体系中用氮气吹出分离氰化氢的条件。一次可以同时处理四个样品,富集浓缩效率可达２０倍。标准水样试验结果的平均回收率为９５％,相对标准偏差为１．６—５．３％。环境水样测定结果本方法和标准方法基本相符．     

工业废水中硫化促进剂M的HPLC分析及吸附分离法

本文门高效液相色谱（ＨＰＬＣ）对工业废水中硫化促进剂Ｍ进行监测,并用高分子多孔树脂做吸附剂,使废水的ＣＯＤ值明显下降。得到三种树脂的动态吸附曲线及最大吸附量、始漏量等重要数据。